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1.
采用臭氧氧化—湿式钙法吸收工艺对模拟烟气进行同时脱硫脱硝处理。O3于150 ℃下具有较高的热稳定性,可将NO氧化为高价态氮氧化物,且NO氧化率随n(O3)∶n(NO)的增大而逐渐提高。烟气中SO2和H2O的存在对NO氧化率的影响不大。O3对SO2的氧化率较低,约为5%。3%(w)石灰石浆液对SO2的吸收率接近100%,NOx吸收率随n(O3)∶n(NO)的增大而逐渐提高,当n(O3)∶n(NO)为1.6时NOx吸收率可达约65%。SO2能促进吸收液对NOx的脱除。石灰石浆液中加入0.2%(w)的(NH4)2SO3或Na2SO3后NOx吸收率可达约85%或82%,且吸收率随添加剂加入量的增加而提高,添加(NH4)2SO3的NOx吸收率略高于添加Na2SO3。 相似文献
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脱硫系统的发生的故障主要是吸收塔系统出现的异常工况,分析吸收塔系统浆液循环泵叶轮磨损、浆液泵出口母管堵塞、吸收塔内浆液异常等对吸收塔出口参数的影响,并提出了各种异常现象发生时的解决方法,为减少脱硫系统故障,确保烟气达标排放提供参考。 相似文献
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本系统基于气体浓度光学分析方法理论朗伯-比尔(Lambert-Beer)定律、光谱气体检测技术开发,实现了对煤矿火灾与瓦斯灾害超前预警、灾害产生的有毒有害气体实时监测和煤矿环境气体爆炸危险性辨识,对于煤矿灾害防治、救灾过程中杜绝次生灾害,保障煤矿工人及救护队员的生命安全,促进煤矿安全生产具有重要意义。 相似文献
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本文通过对国内外近几年有关电解铝含氟化氢工业尾气净化处理大量的参考文献的分析研究及国内外电解铝生产企业在尾气治理方面的技术应用和尾气净化装置运行状况的调研,结合自己的专业特长和工程经验,建立一套有关电解铝含氟化氢尾气在处理、净化氟化氢方面的技术方案,设计制作一套湿法氟化氢吸收中试装置,从工艺方案优化设计、安全运行、设备设计及选材、自动控制、建立相关的副产物检测方法和后续产物的综合利用等方面进行了研究和探讨。 相似文献
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CO2引起的气候变暖已成为全球最关注的环境问题之一,利用离子液体固定CO2引起了众多学者的关注。介绍了近年来离子液体吸收CO2的研究进展,包括常规离子液体和含氨基离子液体、氨基酸离子液体、聚离子液体及其他离子液体等4种功能化离子液体,并简要分析了吸收机理。综合分析了每种离子液体的吸收性能,离子液体对CO2的吸收能力均随温度上升而减小,随压力升高而增加。烷基链的增长以及含氟基团的增加有利于对CO2的吸收。功能化离子液体由于引入了功能化基团,相同条件下,其对CO2的吸收力几乎是常规离子液体的两倍。此外,将离子液体与有机溶液(特别是醇胺溶液)混合能提高离子液体对CO2的吸收能力,且能降低生产费用。最后指出了高吸收性能、低黏度、低毒以及低成本是未来离子液体的研究方向。 相似文献
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为了满足国际海事组织对船舶CO2排放的要求,建立了一种针对船舶尾气CO2的循环吸收系统,利用NaOH溶液吸收CO2.NaOH溶液完成第一步吸收反应后在第二步反应中被还原,从而可以循环利用.分析了初始反应温度、NaOH浓度及溶液中的Na2CO3对CO2吸收率的影响,并计算了循环反应中NaOH的再生率和CaO的过量系数.结果表明,CaO过量系数为1.2时对CO2固化效果最佳,此时NaOH溶液再生率达79.31%.研究表明,NaOH溶液吸收船舶尾气中CO2的循环系统效率高、成本低. 相似文献
9.
Francisco M. Baena-Moreno Mónica Rodríguez-Galán Fernando Vega Luis F. Vilches Benito Navarrete 《International Journal of Green Energy》2019,16(5):401-412
Biomethane production through biogas upgrading is a promising renewable energy for some industries which could be part of the equilibrium needed with fossil fuels consumption to achieve a sustainable society. This paper presents a comprehensive list of biogas upgrading technologies focused on carbon dioxide removal as well as recent advances reported by researcher with wide expertise in this topic. Additionally, an extensive costs–performance comparison among the technologies studied is discussed. Among the different alternatives, chemical scrubbing stood out to achieve high biomethane purities while cryogenic technologies proved to be effective against methane losses. Regarding the different costs, water scrubbing and membrane separation seem to be the most affordable techniques. 相似文献
10.
Ruben Buendia Fabio Forcolin Johan Karlsson Bengt Arne Sjöqvist Anna Anund Stefan Candefjord 《Traffic injury prevention》2019,20(3):249-254
Objective: Driver fatigue is considered to be a major contributor to road traffic crashes. Cardiac monitoring and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is a candidate method for early and accurate detection of driver sleepiness. This study has 2 objectives: to evaluate the (1) suitability of different preprocessing strategies for detecting and removing outlier heartbeats and spectral transformation of HRV signals and their impact of driver sleepiness assessment and (2) relation between common HRV indices and subjective sleepiness reported by a large number of drivers in real driving situations, for the first time.Methods: The study analyzed >3,500 5-min driving epochs from 76 drivers on a public motorway in Sweden. The electrocardiograph (ECG) data were recorded in 3 studies designed to evaluate the physiological differences between awake and sleepy drivers. The drivers reported their perceived level of sleepiness according to the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) every 5?min. Two standard methods were used for identifying outlier heartbeats: (1) percentage change (PC), where outliers were defined as interbeat intervals deviating >30% from the mean of the four previous intervals and (2) standard deviation (SD), where outliers were defined as interbeat interval deviating >4 SD from the mean interval duration in the current epoch. Three standard methods were used for spectral transformation, which is needed for deriving HRV indices in the frequency domain: (1) Fourier transform; (2) autoregressive model; and (3) Lomb-Scargle periodogram. Different preprocessing strategies were compared regarding their impact on derivation of common HRV indices and their relation to KSS data distribution, using box plots and statistical tests such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student’s t test.Results: The ability of HRV indices to discriminate between alert and sleepy drivers does not differ significantly depending on which outlier detection and spectral transformation methods are used. As expected, with increasing sleepiness, the heart rate decreased, whereas heart rate variability overall increased. Furthermore, HRV parameters representing the parasympathetic branch of the autonomous nervous system increased. An unexpected finding was that parameters representing the sympathetic branch of the autonomous nervous system also increased with increasing KSS level. We hypothesize that this increment was due to stress induced by trying to avoid an incident, because the drivers were in real driving situations.Conclusions: The association of HRV indices to KSS did not depend on the preprocessing strategy. No preprocessing method showed superiority for HRV association to driver sleepiness. This was also true for combinations of methods for frequency domain HRV indices. The results prove clear relationships between HRV indices and perceived sleepiness. Thus, HRV analysis shows promise for driver sleepiness detection. 相似文献