价值共创视角下非遗研学旅行产品开发研究--基于需求侧的调研

以非遗研学旅行产品为例,需求侧在产品开发中的缺位是造成产品问题的重要原因,可运用价值共创理论指导产品开发。根据调查问卷结果及分析,基于对实际决策人--学生家长的产品选择偏好、考虑因素、价值感知、购买意向与满意度4个维度的分析,提出优化非遗研学产品开发的4个方面建议:政府营造研学氛围,加强制度保障;学校开展非遗教育,发挥桥梁作用;供方考虑市场需求,强化产品内涵;供需两侧共建价值共创平台。     

西成高铁沿线区域A级景区空间点格局研究

通过获取西成高铁沿线8个市级行政区A级景区和高铁站点的地理坐标,利用核密度估计、Ripley′sK函数等方法进行空间点格局分析。结果表明:①西成高铁沿线景区形成了以成都、西安为中心的双热区分布和由成都向乐山、绵阳辐射的次热区分布。②人文遗址类和自然遗迹类景区分别在65km和75km左右的范围内呈聚集分布,现代人造或重建类景区则一直呈聚集分布。③88.4%的景区分布在8个中心城市的“一日游”圈内。     

话语视角下旅游目的地形象的社会建构--以杭州市为例

从话语视角出发,运用建构主义分析方法分析了杭州市旅游目的地的社会建构,指出杭州旅游发展历经了“政治话语下的风景疗休养城市”、“市场话语下的天堂城市”和“市民话语下的品质生活城市”3个时段。结果发现:叙事要素从西湖的“局部视角”扩散到社会的“全景敞视”;建构方式由“去生活化”转变为“日常生活的回归”;驱动机制经“旅游外交”、“市场产业化”发展到“增长联盟”。由此,旅游目的地形象建构从外延式的营销招徕转向内涵式的身份认同,突出“杭儿风”的形象特质和生活美学。     

乡村振兴背景下社区居民旅游创业意愿研究——基于分布式认识理论

在乡村振兴背景下,选择兰州市榆中县浪街村社区为研究对象,依托分布式认知理论,构建了居民旅游创业意愿和影响因素模型。结果发现:(1)个人力因素不是形成创业意愿的决定性因素。(2)在地域力方面,大部分居民参与旅游创业的资源条件有限。(3)在文化力方面,领导和以领导为核心的社会关系网是旅游创业意愿形成和转变的决定性因素,并且能够将这种创业意愿转化为创业行为。在研究基础上,提出对策建议:注意培育旅游创业主体,增强现存社区创业能力,争取外部专家与辅助者的支持,以增强乡村旅游发展的可持续性。     

旅游和区域大气污染对四川九寨沟气溶胶的贡献

2010年4月~2011年4月,在九寨沟连续监测了总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)和水溶性无机离子的浓度.结果表明:旅游活动显著增加了空气中TSP、SO42-、Ca2+、K+、NH4+和NO3-的含量,而Na+、Mg2+和Cl-则主要来自自然源;旅游强度最高时期(6~10月),降水对空气的清洗作用最强,气溶胶污染程度为全年最低;旅游强度较低时期(1~3、4~5和11~12月),降水量较低且西北沙尘易在春季抵达九寨沟,所以气溶胶污染程度较高;区域燃煤可能是气溶胶[SO42-]:[NO3-]比值较高的原因;生物质燃烧可能是K+在秋末至次年初春较高的原因之一.九寨沟大气环境已明显受当地旅游活动和污染物长距离传输的影响.     

Building resilience to climate change – the role of cooperation in alpine tourism networks

While there is ample – though partially contradictory – evidence regarding the effects climate change will have on various regions of the world, there is only very limited work dedicated to the analysis of different governance structures, and how these structures are likely to influence the resilience of alpine tourism systems in the face of climate change. We present an analytical framework based on network theory, and apply this to the Swiss case study destination of Engelberg, in order to deduct a number of insights for the future assessment of resilience based on the cooperation of local actors. The main aim of the paper is to come up with comparable resilience metrics based on social network analysis in order to assess the structural strengths and weaknesses of a geographically delimited tourism system in the face of climate change. Together with the action potential of the individual actors these structural properties influence the adaptive capacity of both individual actors, and the tourism system as a whole. In line with comparable studies, we identify structural strengths and weaknesses around the core-periphery distribution (centrality), subgroups (modularity) and information flows (path length). We find that the Engelberg network follows an almost ideal-typical scale-free structure and the overall cooperation rate (density) is comparable to other tourism networks. The main weaknesses of the network with regard to climate change resilience are the lacking integration of public sector actors and the relatively high number of actors in the periphery of the network.     

Environmental perceptions of second home tourism impacts in Finland

Experiencing nature and enjoying natural amenities have long been identified as key motives for rural second home tourism. However, the more people travel and spend time in the natural environment, the more it is disturbed by their actions and activities. In this paper, we examine how people perceive the environmental impacts of rural second home tourism and how they justify their views. The study focuses on Finland where rural second homes are widespread. Analysis is based on a questionnaire survey conducted among Finns in 2012 (n?=?1189). Responses from different groups of respondents (second home owners, regular users of second homes and non-users) are quantitatively and qualitatively analysed. The results indicate that the Finnish respondents generally think that second home tourism poses some degree of harmful environmental impacts. However, it is the second home owners who are least worried about these environmental impacts. They generally justify their opinions using a “place-related” perspective, that is, by referring to their own experiences and actions at the cottage site. In contrast, the non-users see environmental impacts more often from a broader perspective by referring to the wider environmental interconnections with second home tourism. In our discussion, we introduce the notions of place-based (relative) and phenomenon-based (relational) environmental perceptions as a potential framework for future research on this topic. In mitigating the increasing environmental impacts of second home tourism, understanding the environmental perceptions and awareness of second home owners and users is crucial to be successful in mobilising sustainable options and environmental governance.     

中国旅游业CO_2排放区域差异的空间分析

在旅游业节能减排形势严峻的背景下,深入研究中国旅游业CO_2排放问题,制定科学的区域节能减排政策已刻不容缓。本文首先运用"自下而上"法,估算了1993-2012年中国整体旅游业、旅游业各分部门、大陆各省区(不含西藏)旅游业CO_2排放量。在此基础上,对全国及三大地带旅游业CO_2排放的总体特征进行分析;利用Theil指数法分析了中国旅游业CO_2排放强度的区域差异、区域内差异和区域间差异;运用AreView软件对中国旅游业CO_2排放强度的省际差异进行直观图示。分析结果显示:1993-2012年,中国旅游业CO_2排放量从1 480.868×10~4t升至6 274.129×10~4t;全国及三大地带旅游业CO_2排放强度整体上呈现出先显著下降、再缓慢梯度下降的趋势;中国旅游业CO_2排放强度空间分布不均匀,东部地区旅游业CO_2排放强度低于中部和西部地区;中国旅游业CO_2排放强度的区域总体差异、区域间差异和区域内差异整体呈逐渐缩小的趋势,区域间差异对总体差异的贡献率为94%-98%,区域间差异占主导地位;中国旅游业CO_2排放强度省际差异明显,属于旅游业CO_2排放强度弱显著区的省区基本位于东部沿海地区,河北、湖南、河南、广西、甘肃和新疆等省区频繁出现在旅游业CO_2排放强度强显著区之列,因此上述省区应是中国旅游业CO_2未来节能减排的区域重点。据此提出差别化的CO_2减排对策:东部地区应通过技术改进和调整产业结构、能源消费结构来降低CO_2排放强度,并以此带动中部和西部地区旅游业节能减排;中部和西部地区应加强与东部地区合作,将提高能源使用率、降低CO_2排放强度作为旅游业减排工作的重点。     

泛长江三角洲城市旅游经济发展的空间效应

基于泛长江三角洲2002~2012年市域面板数据,并借助面板SDM及空间效应分解方法,对区域城市旅游经济发展及其动力因子的空间效应进行实证分析。结果表明:1区域城市入境和国内旅游发展都存在明显的空间依赖性和空间溢出效应,当邻近城市入境和国内旅游发展水平每提高1%,将促进本城市入境和国内旅游发展水平增加约0.257%和0.312%;2区域城市入境和国内旅游发展各动力因子的空间交互作用也较为明显。旅游资源禀赋、旅游服务设施、旅游交通设施和城市经济发展水平对入境旅游发展具有显著的空间溢出效应,旅游服务设施和城市经济发展水平对国内旅游发展的空间溢出效应也较显著。3保障性因子多为正向溢出,吸引性因子多为负向溢出。前者体现了动力因子的空间模仿效应,后者反映了空间竞争效应。保障性因子和吸引力因子的空间效应强度及作用路径差异推动着区域旅游发展格局不断演进。     

基于突变理论的目的地旅游安全评价研究

目的地各种旅游突发事件频发,旅游安全的不确定性愈发凸显,旅游安全评价是目的地旅游安全与应急管理的当务之急。依据目的地旅游安全系统的概念及结构,目的地旅游安全系统包括三个子系统,即核心子系统、辅助子系统和保障子系统,并以此构建了目的地旅游安全评价指标体系,同时应用突变理论模型评价方法,对2005~2011年上海市旅游安全度进行测定和判断。结果显示:上海市旅游安全度总体呈上升趋势波动,基本都处于安全区,存在潜在风险。科学合理的旅游安全评价为目的地旅游风险预警、风险防范及规避提供参考。