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1.
随着中国城市化和工业化的加速发展,大气污染的问题日益突出,严重危害公众身体健康。基于安徽省逐小时PM2.5浓度监测数据,采用后向轨迹模式、潜在源因子分析法(PSCF)和权重浓度分析法(CWT),构建PM2.5来源分析模型,分析了安徽省PM2.5的来源,并结合地理探测器辨析了影响PM2.5本底贡献浓度的驱动因子。结果表明:(1)本底贡献、本底外溢和外地输送这3个动态过程对安徽省PM2.5浓度的时空变化有重要的影响;(2)PM2.5月累计逐小时测量浓度、总浓度、外地输送浓度、本底贡献浓度、本底外溢浓度和月均PM2.5本底排放贡献率,均在整体呈现出西南高、东北低的分布趋势,但前3项在安徽西北部的阜阳、亳州和淮北等地出现高值区;(3)安徽省约97.5%的面积外地输送贡献率>50%,下辖市PM2.5本底排放贡献率在30%~50%,说明1月污染以外地输送为主;(4)工厂密度、车辆保有量密度和人口密度对PM2.5月累计本底贡献浓度的解释力q值分别为0.33、0.47和0.61,通过与PM2.5月累计测量浓度地理探测分析结果的比较,表明人为要素与PM2.5月累计本底贡献浓度的关系更加密切。研究结果可为区域大气污染治理提供科学的参考依据。 相似文献
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Haoran Feng Min Liu Wei Zeng Ying Chen 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):78
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Construction and demolition waste (C&DW) recycling can effectively reduce the environmental impacts caused by the massive amounts of untreated C&DW, and can promote the sustainable development of the construction industry. This study aims to provide relevant insights for the implementation of C&DW recycling, and can be practically used to guide participants' dynamic strategies in the presence of both the reference price effect and cost learning effect. Based on game theory, a static model is developed as a benchmark, including a construction materials manufacturer and a C&DW recycler under a government subsidy. Then, a dual-period dynamic model combining the learning and reference effects is established to broaden the understanding of C&DW recycling management. On this basis, the decisions and revenues of players are compared and analysed, and managerial insights are obtained through numerical analysis. It is found that both the learning and reference effects affect the manufacturer's decisions and revenues, and that the reference effect has a much greater impact on profit than the learning effect. In addition, only the learning effect has a positive influence on the recycler's recycling efforts and profits, thereby promoting C&DW recycling and reducing environmental impacts. Moreover, government subsidies always benefit the environment and recycler, and as the learning ability becomes stronger, the subsidy becomes more efficient in reducing the environmental impacts and improving the recycler's profit. Comparatively, the impact of subsidy on the manufacturer's profits depends on the learning ability. When the learning ability is relatively high, a higher subsidy is detrimental to the manufacturer in the short term but benefits it in the long term. 相似文献
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Chenchen Li Lijie Yan Yiming Li Dan Zhang Mutai Bao Limei Dong 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):72
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为了解台州市市区大气降水化学成分组成特征及变化规律,对2010—2019年台州市市区降水监测数据进行了统计分析。结果表明:2010—2019年降水样品pH为4.20~4.84夏高冬低,强酸性降水频率下降显著,电导率平均值为3.16 mS/cm。SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-是降水中最主要的阴离子,NH_4~+和Ca~(2+)是降水中最主要的阳离子。Ca~(2+)浓度在2018年开始有所抬升,SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-浓度整体呈波动下降趋势。SO_4~(2-)与NO_3~-浓度比均值为1.50,呈下降趋势,同大气中SO_2与NO_2的质量浓度比变化趋势基本一致。SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-相关性显著,Cl~-、Na~+及Mg~(2+)三者之间具有较好相关性。降水与气态污染物相关性不大,对颗粒物有明显冲刷去除作用。SO_2和NO_x的排放量显著下降,酸雨污染呈现改善过程。 相似文献
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Chunyan Wang Jiangshan Wang Yi Liu Lei Zhang Yong Sun Jiuhui Qu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(5):110
8.
Yang Jian Hong Chen Xing Yi Zheng Zixuan Li Zaixing Zhao Xiumei Qi Chenhao 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(7):7621-7635
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass used HTL reaction under high temperature and pressure to produce bio-oil. This technology is considered as... 相似文献
9.
Large TNT equivalent explosions usually arise from accidents occurring during the transportation, storage, and manufacturing of chemicals relevant to process industries. The blast wave generated by the explosion will spread and interact with the surrounding factories and storehouses, damaging the building structures within several kilometers and causing significant casualties and property losses. This study aims to develop an efficient numerical simulation method to predict blast loads to estimate the consequences of accidents involving far-field free air bursts or surface burst explosions. Before its interaction with the interested target, a blast wave is generated in the numerical model by specifying the initial and boundary conditions of the disturbed air. Based on empirical data of incident overpressure, an explicit formula to calculate the air particle velocity is derived from the governing equations of a perfect inviscid gas. A simplified path line method is proposed to calculate the air density. The proposed method is applied to the LS-DYNA CESE solver to simulate the blast loads on building structures in the far field. Validations against empirical data and experiments indicate that the proposed method is sufficiently accurate for engineering applications and, through a case study, presents a more efficient performance than the LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED (LBE) and mapping methods. 相似文献
10.
合理的补偿标准是流域生态补偿的核心,也是激励生态系统服务提供者积极性、体现生态系统服务改善价值、实现区域协同发展的关键内容.基于成本收益双视角,以渭河流域为例,运用全成本法和选择实验法测算了流域生态系统服务保护的成本收益,进一步借助鲁宾斯坦议价模型核算跨区域生态补偿标准.结果表明:(1)为改善流域生态环境,上游甘肃省的直接治理成本约为35021.27万元/a,间接成本约为107112.26万元/a,全成本约为142133.53万元/a;(2)流域生态系统服务改善能够为中下游陕西省带来的收益为252912.96万元;(3)在流域生态系统服务保护成本收益明确的前提下,若上游地区在协商中具有完全耐心或中下游地区完全没有耐心,则上游获得全部净收益,补偿标准为252912.96万元/a;若上游地区完全没有耐心,且当中下游耐心程度(贴现因子)为0.5时,则双方将均分净收益,即补偿标准为197523.25万元/a.总的来看,研究对流域生态系统服务保护的成本收益分析及跨区域生态补偿标准核算提供了可行思路,实际应用中可根据具体情况合理设定议价双方贴现因子进行灵活处理. 相似文献