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1.
An organo-montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron material(M-NZVI) was synthesized to degrade decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209). The results showed that nanoscale zero-valent iron had good dispersion on organo-montmorillonite and was present as a core-shell structure with a particle size range of nanoscale iron between 30–90 nm, characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XRF, ICP-AES, and XPS. The results of the degradation of BDE-209 by M-NZVI showed that the efficiency of M-NZVI in removing BDE-209 was much higher than that of NZVI. The efficiency of M-NZVI in removing BDE-209 decreased as the pH and the initial dissolved oxygen content of the reaction solution increased, but increased as the proportion of water in the reaction solution increased. 相似文献
2.
2,2'',4,4''-四溴联苯醚对赤子爱胜蚓的抗氧化酶、代谢酶及其基因表达的影响 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)是广泛存在于环境中的一种新型持久性有机污染物.四溴联苯醚同分异构体中的BDE-47是多溴联苯醚中最重要的单体之一.试验采用人工土壤培养法,通过亚急性试验,研究了在不同暴露时间阶段下,不同BDE-47剂量对赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)抗氧化酶(过氧化氢酶CAT)、代谢酶(谷胱甘肽转移酶GST)以及二者基因表达的影响.结果表明,在暴露14 d和28 d时,CAT活性被诱导上升并且差异显著;GST活性变化差异不显著;CAT基因表达水平在第14 d时呈现抑制效应,在后续的第28 d和第42 d基因表达水平上调;GST基因表达水平整体呈现诱导效应,并且差异显著,随着暴露时间的增加,低毒处理组(10、50 mg·kg-1)的基因表达水平逐渐下调至低于对照组的水平,高毒处理组(100、200 mg·kg-1)的基因表达量仍高于对照组水平;在BDE-47的暴露试验中,CAT与GST活性及其基因表达水平两项指标对低毒处理组较高毒处理组更为敏感. 相似文献
3.
Chaojin Jiang Xiaoqian Jiang Lixun Zhang Yuntao Guan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(3):47
4.
研究了pH和温度对2,2’,4,4’-四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)在土壤中的吸附和解吸行为的影响。结果表明,pH和温度都可以影响BDE-47在受试土壤中的吸附和解吸行为。pH升高或降低均会使土壤对BDE-47的吸附能力提高,且在碱性环境中提高的程度更大;酸性或碱性条件下BDE-47在土壤中的解吸滞后性显著增强。温度降低后,土壤对BDE-47的吸附能力提高,5℃时的单点分配系数(Kd,表征土壤对BDE-47的吸附能力)是25℃时的1.03~1.67倍;温度由25℃降低到5℃后,BDE-47在土壤中的解吸滞后性增强。 相似文献
5.
Wenxin Liu Weibo Li Xi Ling Jianglin Chen 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(9):2815-2820
Sorption kinetic characteristics of BDE-28 and BDE-47 on five natural soils with different organic carbon fractions were investigated, and could be satisfactorily described by a two (fast and slow)-compartment first-order model with the ratio of rate constants ranged from 9 to 94 times. The fast compartment made a dominant contribution (71% ∼ 94%) to the total sorption amount in the whole process, and accounted for over 90% of the increase in the total sorption amount at initial 5 h. The influence of the slow compartment on the increase in the total sorption amount became principal (above 90%) in the subsequent stage approximately from 9 h or 25 h to the apparent equilibrium at 265 h. The results proposed the different sorption behaviors of the mathematically classified compartments for BDE-28 and BDE-47, which may correspond to the different soil components, such as soil organic fractions with amorphous and condensed structures, respectively. 相似文献
6.
通过"实验三号"开放航次在南海北部采集了32个大气样品,用气相色谱/质谱联用仪分析了样品中的多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)同系物,并对其含量、组成特征、空间分布及主要来源进行了研究.结果表明,南海北部大气中7种PBDEs总浓度为0.07~35.9 pg.m-3,四溴(BDE-47)和五溴(BDE-99和-100)化合物为主要组成,分别约占PBDEs总量的51.5%和36.9%,显示工业五溴联苯醚的使用是其主要来源;中国东南沿海和菲律宾附近PBDEs浓度较高,南海靠近越南中部海域大气PBDEs含量较低.后推气流轨迹分析指出:我国东南沿海,特别是珠江三角洲,以及我国台湾和菲律宾等地区陆源污染物的外溢是引起南海北部地区PBDEs浓度较高的主要原因. 相似文献
7.
研究了生物质炭、胡敏酸、石英砂之间的相互作用对BDE-47吸附行为的影响,结果表明:(1)石英砂和生物质炭的相互作用对BDE-47的吸附行为的影响不显著;(2)在低浓度条件下(Ce=0.05Sw时),石英砂可以促进胡敏酸对BDE-47的吸附作用,使胡敏酸的吸附能力提高16%;在高浓度条件下(Ce=0.25Sw时),石英砂可以抑制胡敏酸对BDE-47的吸附作用,使胡敏酸的吸附能力降低64%;(3)胡敏酸和生物质炭之间的相互作用可以抑制生物质炭-胡敏酸-石英砂体系对BDE-47的吸附作用,使整体吸附能力降低35%~38%. 相似文献
8.
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a prevalent polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener known to have neurotoxicity. Effects of BDE-209 on Neuro-2a cells were performed in the present study and the possible apoptotic pathway was discussed. Results indicated that BDE-209 induced Neuro-2a cell apoptosis, increased the protein expression of Fas and Fas-associated death domain-containing protein (FADD) and activated the caspase-8 and -3 activities in a concentration-dependent manner, inferring the death-receptor pathway was involved in the apoptotic process. Meanwhile, BDE-209 exposure increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and decreased the cellular mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) which led to cytochrome C released to the cytoplasm. The intracellular caspase-9 was elevated simultaneously, which caused downstream caspase cascade and triggered cell apoptosis. Moreover, BDE-209 exposure increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in a concentration-dependent manner and the addition of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), known as ROS scavengers, obviously reduced the apoptotic rate and a positive relationship was observed between the degree of apoptosis blocking and the loss of MMP and ROS production. We thus concluded that BDE-209 induced Neuro-2a cell apoptosis via the combination of the death-receptor signaling pathway and the mitochondrial signaling pathway. The elevated ROS production was considered to magnify the intracellular apoptosis signal and played a crucial role in apoptosis of Neuro-2a cells induced by BDE-209. 相似文献
9.
多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)是一类具有生态风险性的新型持久性有机污染物,其中BDE-47是对生物和人体毒性最强的PBDEs同系物之一.选择4种海洋微藻(海水小球藻、牟氏角毛藻、中肋骨条藻和赤潮异弯藻),采用概率单位-浓度对数法研究了BDE-47对海洋微藻的急性毒性效应(BDE-47浓度梯度设置为0、0.1、1、5、10、50μg·L-1).结果显示,BDE-47对海水小球藻、牟氏角毛藻、中肋骨条藻和赤潮异弯藻的96h半效应浓度(96hEC50)分别为0.79、1.52、1.99和2.25μg·L-1,表明BDE-47对海洋微藻属于极高毒性物质. 相似文献
10.
Qing Xie Jingwen Chen Jianping Shao Changer Chen Hongxia Zhao Ce Hao 《Chemosphere》2009,76(11):1486-1490
Photolysis of deca-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was investigated in tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, isopropanol, acetone, ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile and dimethylsulfoxide. Noticeable differences of the photolytic rates and quantum yields were found in the diverse solvents. Different to the previous deductions, hydrogen donating efficiency and electron donating efficiency of solvents were not the decisive factors for the photolytic rate in this study, which was proved by the fast photolysis of BDE-209 in CCl4, a solvent without hydrogen and difficult to donate electrons. Besides hydrogen addition process, intermolecular polymerization might occur during the photolysis. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation was performed to understand the molecular properties of BDE-209 in different solvents. The lowest singlet vertical excitation energy (Eex) and the average formal charge on Br () of BDE-209, reflecting the difficulty for the excitation of BDE-209 and for the departing of Br atom, respectively, were changed by the reaction fields formed by the different solvents. Eex and linearly correlated with the photolytic activity (log k). This study is helpful to better understand the photolytic behavior of BDE-209 in different media. 相似文献