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1.
This study investigated whether low-level, long-term in utero and post-natal exposure to organohalogen pollutants disrupts male reproductive organ morphology and testosterone production in Greenland sledge dogs (Canis familiaris), as a model of Arctic top predators feeding on marine mammals. Six male dogs were followed for 1 year and testosterone concentrations, testes/baculum morphology and baculum bone mineral density (BMD) was determined. Three males were exposed to organohalogenated contaminants (OHCs) in utero through maternal dietary intake of minke whale blubber (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), with a post-weaning ∑OHC intake of 10.4–11.7 µg kg?1 day?1 resulting in an adipose tissue range of ∑OHC 4518–5729 ng (g lw)?1 after 1 year. Three control males were exposed to very low concentrations of OHCs through pork fat. No significant differences were seen in plasma testosterone concentrations, baculum weight, BMD, and testicular length in the six male dogs (control, n = 3 and exposed, n = 3) measured at 3, 5, 7, 9, and 12 months of age. Testicular weights were significantly lower in the exposed group (p = 0.015, n = 2). Although this study had a limited number of animals, it was observed that in utero and the following 12 months of chronic exposure to a complex mixture of contaminants in the form of naturally accumulated OHCs does not affects testosterone levels, but possibly affects testicular weights in sledge dogs.  相似文献   
2.
The ever-increasing use of pesticides in the agricultural and public health has become a major cause of sterility in human and various other animals particularly in males. This study was sought to screen the toxic impacts of cypermethrin (synthetic pyrethroid) on reproduction and development. Twenty-four Wistar male rats divided into four groups were orally administered cypermethrin of daily doses 50, 75, or 100 mg?kg?1 bwt per day for 45 days; and for developmental toxicity, 12 female rats were separated into two groups. Maternal rats (experimental) were administered cypermethrin (100?mg?kg?1) by gavage daily from 6th to 17th day of gestation, and the control group was dosed only vehicle (olive oil). The body weights, fertility index, biochemical, enzymatic, hormonal, and histopathological parameters were the criteria used to evaluate the toxicity of cypermethrin. Study showed significant decline in the weight of testes, epididymises, seminal vesicles, and ventral prostate, and reduction in sperm counts both in epididymises and testes in chemical-treated animals. Pre- and post- fertility test showed 50%, 80%, and 100% negative results after treatment. A significant degenerative reduction in testicular glycogen and sialic acid was also noted. In contrast, protein and cholesterol levels of testes were significantly increased. In addition, acid phosphatase activity was significantly increased, while alkaline phosphatase, testosterone, leutinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were diminished. Histology of testes showed degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules. Cypermethrin exposure during gestation produced adverse effects markedly in females and fetuses.  相似文献   
3.
用放射免疫法分别测定了DBTCl对妊娠d6雌小鼠和成年雄小鼠外周血液中雌二醇和睾丸酮水平的影响.每天按小鼠体重一次腹腔注射0.025~0.400μg/kgd-1DBTCl,共染毒7d.实验条件为(22±2)℃和光暗=12h12h.结果表明,处理组睾丸酮和雌二醇的含量随处理剂量的增加而增加,当w(DBTCl)≥0.05μg/kg时,二者呈明显的剂量-效应关系.雌二醇含量的增加比睾丸酮更为显著CK雄性小鼠睾丸酮浓度为(2.88±0.72)ng/mL,在0.40μg/kg剂量组达到(9.95±2.5)μg/mL时,约为CK的3.5倍;而CK和0.40ng/kg剂量组妊娠小鼠雌二醇浓度分别为(30.32±5.43)ng/mL和(287.57±51.13)ng/mL,相差约9.5倍.文中还就DBTCl对小鼠血液中激素含量的影响机理进行了初步探讨.图1表2参20  相似文献   
4.
探讨妊娠期染毒全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA)对子代雄鼠发育毒性的影响.将50只妊娠0 d小鼠随机分5组,每组10只,妊娠0~17 d每天按0、1、2.5、5和12.5 mg·kg~(-1)BW饲喂PFOA,产后仔鼠正常饲养,记录仔鼠存活数.产后21 d,检测仔鼠血清睾酮水平并计算睾丸指数;HE染色观察睾丸组织结构变化;RT-PCR法检测睾丸组织Dlk1-Dio3印记基因簇各目的基因mRNA的表达情况.结果显示,随PFOA染毒剂量增加,仔鼠存活数显著降低,血清睾酮含量极显著性降低(p0.01);睾丸指数无统计学意义;睾丸组织有不同程度的损伤并呈剂量依赖性;Dlk1-Dio3印记基因簇各目的基因的表达量都有降低趋势,其中Gtl2、Rian、Dio3均显著性降低(p0.05).结果表明,妊娠期染毒PFOA能够降低仔鼠存活数,损伤睾丸组织结构,并能够扰乱生殖激素,降低睾丸组织Dlk1-Dio3印记基因簇各目的基因mRNA的表达.  相似文献   
5.
Circulating levels of testosterone in adults have mainly evolved as a consequence of selection on males for increased levels, while levels of circulating testosterone in females may be an indirect consequence of selection on males. A review of the literature revealed that intense directional selection for high levels of circulating testosterone in birds is likely to be mainly due to direct selection on males. A comparative study of testosterone levels in birds revealed a strong positive relationship between peak testosterone levels in adult females and peak levels in males. The slope of this relationship was significantly less than unity, implying that the testosterone levels in females have been reduced in species with high levels in males. An analysis of the order of evolutionary events suggested that peak concentration of testosterone in females changed after peak concentrations of testosterone in males. Females in colonial species of birds had significantly higher circulating peak testosterone levels compared to females of solitary species, and relative levels after controlling for the effects of peak levels in males were also larger, suggesting that any costs of high testosterone levels in females are particularly likely in colonial birds. Direct selection on male circulating testosterone levels may increase the costs that females incur from high testosterone titers. For example, high female levels may negatively affect ovulation and laying and may also affect the levels of testosterone that females deposit in their eggs and hence the exposure of pre- and post-hatching offspring to testosterone. This in turn may affect not only offspring behavior, but also offspring development and the trade-offs between growth, development of immune function, and behavior in offspring.  相似文献   
6.
鲫鱼肝脏代谢酶和血清性激素对低浓度五氯酚的响应   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
研究了低浓度五氯酚暴露后鲫鱼体中几种重要分子生态毒理学指标的响应。结果表明,暴露7和15d后,五氯酚对鲫鱼血清睾酮含量产生了显著的诱导作用,并且暴露15d的睾酮含量高于暴露7d的睾酮含量,对鱼体造成了一定的繁殖损伤。暴露7d后,EROD和GST活性无显著升高,但暴露15d后,EROD和GST活性随浓度增加显著被诱导,其活性增高。研究结果也可揭示睾酮、EROD和GST对低浓度五氯酚具有高度的响应,建议作为监测和评价低浓度五氯酚对水生生态系统污染的生物标志物:  相似文献   
7.
8.
在实验条件下,将健康性成熟雄性黑斑蛙暴露于0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8和1.6 mg·L-1浓度的铅溶液中30d,观察和分析黑斑蛙的精子数量、精子活动度和精子畸形率,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中睾酮(T)和雌二醇(E2)的水平,以探讨铅对雄性黑斑蛙的生殖内分泌毒性.结果表明,随铅染毒剂量的升高,精子数量下降,精子畸形率呈剂鼍依赖性增加,精子活动率呈剂鼍依赖性降低;随铅染毒剂量的升高,血清中T水平明显下降,E2水平则明显升高,且均呈剂量-效应关系,结果提示,铅对雄性黑斑蛙有明显的生殖毒性,可改变血清睾酮和雌激素水平,干扰生殖内分泌调节平衡.  相似文献   
9.
An estrogen receptor (ER)/androgen receptor (AR) ligand competitive binding assay (ER/AR-binding assay) and chemical analyses were used to evaluate the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) behavior of two municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) (K and S). In the influents, estrone (E1), androsterone (A), androstenedione (AD), BPA (bisphenol A), NP (nonylphenol) and daidzein (DZ) were detected in high amounts with subsequent 24 h-average concentrations of 350, 1000, 29, 1300, 3900, and 5700 ng/L in K-WWTP and of 310, 620, 59, 1600, 2600, and 8400 ng/L in S-WWTP. The estrogenic (androgenic) activity as 17 -estradiol (E2) equivalents (EEQ) or testosterone (Te) equivalents (TEQ) was consequently 620 ng E2/L (570 ng Te/L) and 580 ng E2/L (800 ng Te/L) for the two WWTPs. The removal e ciencies of the above mentioned sole target chemicals were 51%–100% for K-WWTP and 55.6%–100% for S-WWTP. The removal e ciencies of EEQ were about 73% for both WWTPs, while the removal e ciencies of TEQ were 62.1% for K-WWTP and 98.4% for S-WWTP. In addition, chemical-derived EEQ were about 1.2%–52.4% of those by ER-binding assay for K-WWTP and the corresponding ratios were 1.3%–83.3% for S-WWTP, while chemical derived TEQ were less than 3% of values measured by the AR-binding assay for both WWTPs.  相似文献   
10.
马聪  秦丹  孙倩  于昌平 《环境科学》2015,36(12):4651-4658
从咸水湖中分离得到1株具有类固醇激素降解能力的耐盐菌株,利用16S rRNA基因序列同源性分析确定菌株MH-B5属于交替赤杆菌属(Altererythrobacter),其可生长p H范围为5.5~9.0,可耐受盐度生长范围为0~7%,单碳降解实验表明该菌可以利用雌酮、雌二醇、雌三醇和睾酮.应用超高压液相色谱串联四级杆飞行时间质谱分析得出菌株降解睾酮的过程中主要中间代谢产物为4-雄烯二酮、宝丹酮和雄二烯二酮.应用单一载体和复合载体两种方法分别制备的菌株MH-B5固定化颗粒均可降解雌二醇,批次降解实验表明菌株MH-B5固定化颗粒可有效降解2 mg·L~(-1)雌二醇及其初级代谢产物雌酮.上述研究结果表明菌株MH-B5可在海水中生长良好,其能降解典型雌激素及雄激素睾酮,且经过微生物固定化过程后依然具有类固醇激素的降解特性,因此对类固醇激素污染的咸水环境修复,具有潜在应用前景.  相似文献   
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