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1.
Caihong Huang Zhurui Tang Beidou Xi Wenbing Tan Wei Guo Weixia Wu Caiyun Ma 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(6):127
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Waste-to-energy is a promising approach to face the current challenge of waste overproduction in Reunion Island, a French territory. In this particular context of an isolated and tropical territory, it is essential to study the properties of potential feedstocks to choose the most appropriate conversion process. This article reports on the composition of Residual Household Waste from Reunion Island and its physico-chemical parameters. Twelve representative samples of Residual Household Waste were subjected to thermal and elemental analysis. The results showed that their composition had a significant influence on the physico-chemical properties, including calorific value. Residual Household Waste from the selective sorting (rich in wood, plastic, and sanitary textiles) as well as dry mixed RHW are the most interesting for energy recovery. Due to their high volatile matter and high carbon content, and their low moisture content, these types of waste have a high calorific value exceeding 18 MJ/kg. Furthermore, the RHW sample comply with the environmental and health criteria applied by French regulations concerning halogen and heavy metal. Thus, it seems that Residual Household Waste can be an alternative to conventional fuels used in incineration or pyro-gasification processes. However, the study also points the need for a pre-treatment process for these wastes. Indeed, it is necessary to sort them correctly in order to avoid the risks of pollution and important maintenance. And more importantly, drying beforehand is unavoidable to improve combustibility and obtain optimal energy conversion. 相似文献
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简要叙述了电捕焦油器开工以来存在的问题,对电捕捕焦油器不能安全稳定运行的原因进行了分析,并采取改进措施。实践证明,改进工艺技术合理,方法可行,电捕焦油器运行效果达到指标要求。 相似文献
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Diversity of antibiotic resistance genes and encoding ribosomal protection proteins gene in livestock waste polluted environment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chunyan Li Cheng Jiang Zhiyang Wu Xuejiao An Hailan Wang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(7):423-433
The rapid development and increase of antibiotic resistance are global phenomena resulting from the extensive use of antibiotics in human clinics and animal feeding operations. Antibiotics can promote the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which can be transferred horizontally to humans and animals through water and the food chain. In this study, the presence and abundance of ARGs in livestock waste was monitored by quantitative PCR. A diverse set of bacteria and tetracycline resistance genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins (RPPs) from three livestock farms and a river were analyzed through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The abundance of sul(I) was 103 to 105 orders of magnitude higher than that of sul(II). Among 11 tet-ARGs, the most abundant was tet(O). The results regarding bacterial diversity indicated that the presence of antibiotics might have an evident impact on bacterial diversity at every site, particularly at the investigated swine producer. The effect of livestock waste on the bacterial diversity of soil was stronger than that of water. Furthermore, a sequencing analysis showed that tet(M) exhibited two genotypes, while the other RPPs-encoding genes exhibited at least three genotypes. This study showed that various ARGs and RPPs-encoding genes are particularly widespread among livestock. 相似文献
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Linglong Wang Haochang Su Xiaojuan Hu Yu Xu Wujie Xu Xiaoshuai Huang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(3):211-218
Although research regarding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquaculture environments has gained increasing scientific interest, further studies are required to understand the abundances and removal mechanisms of ARGs during the entire rearing period of shrimp aquaculture. Thus, in this study, abundances, distributions and removal rates of ARGs in different environmental compartments of intensive shrimp farms in South China were investigated during the entire rearing period. The results indicated that sul1 and cmlA were the predominant ARGs in the water and sediment samples. Additionally, the total abundance of ARGs was higher in shrimp pond water than in the source water and farm effluent. Moreover, sediment samples indicated significantly higher ARG abundances than water samples from the shrimp ponds (P?<?0.05). Environmental factors were found to significantly affect the distribution of ARGs in shrimp rearing environments. Furthermore, stable ponds aided the removal of ARGs from shrimp pond water. This study accounted for temporal variations in ARG abundances as well as removal of ARGs in different environmental compartments during the entire shrimp rearing period. However, additional research is required to optimize the water treatment process for removal of ARGs from the aquaculture. 相似文献
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目的研究卫星上外露导线在空间辐射环境下的耐受能力。方法通过分析GEO轨道下在轨10年航天器外露瑞侃导线的辐照环境,研究低能和高能电子对导线性能的影响,地面模拟试验参数选择能量分别为45 keV和1 MeV,注量率均为8.3×10^10 e/(cm^2·s),总注量均为2×10^16 e/cm^2。考察瑞侃导线力学性能(断裂伸长率、拉伸强度)和电性能(击穿电压)的退化情况,并用XPS和SEM测试分析手段,对其电子辐照损伤机理进行研究。结果在不同能量电子辐照下,瑞侃导线的力学性能均略有下降,没有显著区别,而电学性能严重退化,且低能电子较高能电子对其电学性能影响更为严重,其击穿电压分别下降了100%和50%。结论通过剂量-深度分布计算,45 keV入射电子能量全部沉积在样品表层下数微米的深度范围内,完全被导线外皮吸收,对样品的损伤较大;而1 MeV入射电子能量绝大部分穿透表皮沉积在样品铜芯中,因而其性能退化情况相对低能电子较小。进一步的,通过SEM和XPS测试和分析发现,电子辐照造成瑞侃导线分子链降解,形成自由基以及气体,自由基的再交联是造成瑞侃导线损伤的重要机理。 相似文献
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为了快速有效地确定矿车等运输设备在巷道内运行时矿井摩擦阻力的变化情况,克服模拟软件计算量和现场实测工作量大的问题,以巷道风流速度、矿车运行速度、阻塞比、矿车长度4个矿车运行时巷道摩擦阻力的影响因素作为切入点,采用动网格技术模拟得到矿车在巷道内运行时有关矿井摩擦阻力的数据,以此为样本构建基于BP神经网络的矿井摩擦阻力预测模型,运用MATLAB软件进行网络训练,并将BP神经网络预测值与FLUENT模拟值进行对比。研究结果表明:BP神经网络结构比较简单,能以较快速度收敛,预测值与模拟值最大误差在7%以内,该神经网络模型用于求解矿车等运输设备在巷道内运行时摩擦阻力的变化情况是可行的。 相似文献
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