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1.
基于北京市PM2.5和PM10质量浓度、组分浓度以及降水数据,利用数理统计、相关性分析等方法分别从降水总量、降水时长和降水前颗粒物浓度3个角度研究降水对PM2.5、PM10的清除作用,同时以一次典型降水过程为例,具体分析降水对颗粒物的影响。结果表明:降水总量的增加有助于促进PM2.5、PM10的清除,随着降水总量增加,PM2.5、PM10的平均清除率提高,有效清除的比例增加;连续降水可增强对大气颗粒物的湿清除作用,连续降水达3d可有效降低PM2.5、PM10浓度;降水对PM2.5、PM10浓度的清除率和大气颗粒物前一日的平均浓度有较好的正相关性。降水对大气颗粒物的清除可分为清除、回升和平稳3个阶段,各个阶段大气颗粒物的变化趋势不同。降水对于大气气溶胶化学组分和酸碱性的改变具有明显作用,对于大气颗粒物各种组分的清除效果不完全相同。对于大气中OC、NO3-、SO42-和NH4+去除率较高,且这4种组分主要以颗粒态形式被冲刷进入降水中,加剧了北京市降水酸化程度。 相似文献
2.
Boyi Cheng Yi Wang Yumei Hua Kate V. Heal 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):73
3.
Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is the principal anthropogenic activity that globally contributes to overloading our environment with mercury. Although the Minamata Convention, led by the United Nations, is a crucial instrument to eliminate its use progressively, novel approaches to accelerate this difficult transition are welcome. This article proposes a framework for policy-making or improvement, fostering the enforcement of mercury elimination through the lens of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on the excluded artisanal and small-scale gold miners and their dependents. We move forward with a literature review of the Artisanal and Small Mining topic, taking each SDG as a unit of analysis. Understanding the problem as a puzzle of four sets of pieces, namely: (1) social, (2) environmental, (3) economic, and (4) institutional, the paper offers potential opportunities for the decision-makers and practitioners to accelerate the substitution of this heavy metal and develop sustainable futures for the ASGM communities. We conclude by proposing a pragmatic framework that synthesizes the means, actions, and ends to accelerate a sustainable transition. 相似文献
4.
采用A/O-电催化氧化法处理村镇垃圾中转站渗滤液,并针对工艺核心电催化氧化单元的相关运行参数进行探究。结果表明:使用椰壳活性炭作为粒子电极基体材料,以Sn-Sb作为活性催化剂,在初始pH值<7、外加电压15 V条件下,电解中转站垃圾渗滤液效果较好;联合工艺连续运行阶段,当水力停留时间达到11 d时,原水COD从(31 098±1 270)mg/L下降到(391±44)mg/L,渗滤液可生化性(B/C)从0.336±0.020提升到0.719±0.024,可生化性显著增强。 相似文献
5.
Yang Li Yixin Zhang Guangshen Xia Juhong Zhan Gang Yu Yujue Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(1):1
6.
7.
汞污染具有生物积累性,因而得到社会广泛关注。研究监测和评估了郑州市城区土壤和绿色植物叶片中汞浓度、分布、污染水平等。研究发现郑州市主城区土壤总汞浓度为0. 150~0. 958 mg/kg,平均浓度为0. 448 mg/kg;郑州市主城区绿色植物叶片总汞浓度为0. 017~0. 249 mg/kg,平均浓度为0. 107 mg/kg;土壤和叶片中汞浓度按功能区排序为交通枢纽区工业区商业区行政区高教区住宅区。采用地累积指数法对郑州市80个土壤样品的汞污染水平进行评估,结果显示60%受到轻度污染,35%受到偏中度污染,5%受到中度污染。研究较为全面地分析了土壤汞污染的现状及浓度,为郑州市土壤汞污染防治提供参考。 相似文献
8.
Imen Rabeh Khaoula Telahigue Safa Bejaoui Tarek Hajji Lassaad Chouba M’hamed EL Cafsi 《Chemistry and Ecology》2019,35(3):204-218
Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous and a major environmental metal pollutant in the aquatic ecosystem. The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of mercury graded doses exposure on oxidative stress, redox status, metallothionein levels and genotoxicity in the intestine of sea cucumber Holothuria forskali. Specimens were exposed for 96?h to three concentrations of Hg (40, 80 and 160?µg/L). Exposure of H. forskali to Hg promoted oxidative stress with an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels. An increase of glutathione (GSH), vitamin C (ViteC) and non-protein thiols (NPSH) contents was also observed. Additionally, antioxidant activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) increased especially with the highest doses of Hg indicating a great defense of the antioxidant system. Our investigation revealed an increase in total Metallothionein (MT) content which was more pronounced at the sharpest concentrations of Hg. A significant decline of AChE activity was also observed. In the intestine of Hg-treated H. forskali genotoxicity was confirmed by DNA degradation. 相似文献
9.
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Mn掺杂钙钛矿型催化剂LaFexMn1-xO3,并以其为催化剂催化湿式双氧水氧化处理煤气化废水纳滤浓缩液。采用XRD,SEM,FTIR技术对催化剂进行了表征。表征结果显示:制备的催化剂均具有标准的钙钛矿型结构,其中,LaFe0.9Mn0.1O3的结构稳定,比表面积大。实验结果表明:制备的催化剂中LaFe0.9Mn0.1O3的催化活性最高,且稳定性好,连续使用5次后催化活性未见明显减弱;在H2O2投加量3.0 g/L、n(H2O2)∶n(LaFe0.9Mn0.1O3)=12∶1、反应温度160 ℃、反应压力1 MPa、浓缩液pH 3、反应时间60 min的最优条件下,COD、UV254和TOC的去除率分别达到80.9%、95.2%和68.0%,BOD5/COD由0.02提升至0.40,可生化性大幅提高。 相似文献
10.
Erdal Yabalak Özkan Görmez Ahmet Murat Gizir 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(5):334-339
This study was conducted to investigate the degradation of propham, which is a compound that pollutes water and seriously threatens human health, by subcritical water oxidation and using H2O2 as an oxidising agent. The maximum total organic carbon removal rate of propham was obtained as 73.65% at 40 min of treatment time and 60 mM of H2O2 concentration and 373 K of temperature. In addition, response surface method based on the Box-Behnken design was applied to design the degradation experiments of propham for determination of the combined effects of process variables, namely temperature, concentration of oxidising agent and treatment time. The proposed quadratic model of propham degradation, which was examined with the analysis of variance, was used for navigating the design space. The R2 and adjusted R2 values of the model were determined as 0.9921 and 0.9819 respectively. It was shown that propham was effectively degraded, thus could be removed from the water by using an environmentally friendly method. 相似文献