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1.
基于方波溶出伏安法运用丝网印刷电极探索了一种利用电化学传感器检测水样中痕量铅的方法.得到了该检测方法的最佳参数:方波频率30 Hz,振幅80 mV,电位增量5 mV;0.5 mol/L的支持电解质(KCl);沉积电位-1.1 V,沉积时间400 s.在该优化条件下,在浓度为25 ~ 500μg/L范围内溶出峰电流与铅离子浓度呈良好的线性关系(R2=0.9945).对于几种其他金属离子的干扰实验结果表明,Mn2的存在严重抑制铅离子的峰电流.  相似文献   
2.
在突发环境污染事件和区域生态风险筛查中迫切需要环境样品中重金属离子的快速检测技术手段。环境样品中重金属离子的快速检测技术有电化学方法和生物学方法。电化学检测方法主要是阳极溶出伏安法(AnodicStripping Voltammetry,ASV),可以同时检测多种重金属离子,有标准化认证的产品,但是检测成本相对较高。随着纳米粒子技术(Nanoparticles,NPs)和石英微天平分析技术(Quartz Crystal Microbalance,QCM)的引入,ASV法的检测成本将不断降低;生物检测方法包括免疫检测(Immunoassay,IA)和功能DNA(Functional DNA)检测技术。重金属离子的免疫检测技术样品通量大,检测成本低,已经广泛用于食品行业,其中汞离子的免疫检测方法已经成为环境样品标准检测方法之一。免疫检测传感器技术将拓展重金属离子的快速检测的应用空间。功能DNA传感器检测的研究为重金属离子的快速检测提供了新的技术手段,但是这些仅限于实验室研究,还没有达到实际应用的水平。  相似文献   
3.
底泥样品经盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸消解后,用1 1盐政溶解残渣,以高氯酸做支持电解质,采用阳极溶出伏安法的标准加入法,连续测定样品中的总镉和总铅.该方法测定土壤标准样品中镉和铅的相对标准偏差分别为5.6%和4.6%,相对误差分别为2.4%和~1.7%;测定自采底泥样品中镉和铅的相对偏差分别为7.7%和8.1%,方法的重复性好;测定土壤标准样品中镉加标回收率为94.0%~106.8%,铅加标回收率为95%~103.8%;自采样品中镉加标回收率为93.0%~105.6%,铅加标回收率为90.0%~105.0%,方法的准确度较高.实验中,镉和铅的半波电位稳定,峰形对称.  相似文献   
4.
We assessed the use of anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) for in-situ determinations of both total concentration and speciation of dissolved heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in acid mine drainage (AMD). In the Kwangyang Au–Ag mine area of South Korea, different sites with varying water chemistry within an AMD were studied with a field portable anodic stripping voltammeter. Anodic stripping voltammetry after wet oxidation (acidification) was very sensitive enough to determine total concentration of dissolved Cd because Cd was dominantly present as ‘labile’ species, whilst the technique was not so effective for determining total Cu especially in the downstream sites from the retention pond, due to its complexation with organic matter. For dissolved Pb, the concentrations determined by ASV after wet oxidation generally agreed with those by ICP-AES. In the downstream samples (pH>5), however, ASV data after wet oxidation were lower than ICP-AES data because a significant fraction of dissolved Pb was present in those samples as ‘inert’ species associated with colloidal iron oxide particles. The determination of total dissolved Zn by ASV after wet oxidation appeared to be unsatisfactory for the samples with high Cu content, possibly due to the interference by the formation of Zn–Cu intermetallic compounds on the mercury coated electrode. In AMD samples with high dissolved iron, use of ultraviolet irradiation was not effective for determining total concentrations because humate destruction by UV irradiation possibly resulted in the removal of a part of dissolved heavy metals from waters through the precipitation of iron hydroxides.  相似文献   
5.
对海水中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的日常监测分析方法进行了调查,结果表明在调查范围内阳极溶出伏安法使用数量最高。通过实验研究了不添加保存剂、加浓HNO3、加浓HClO4对阳极溶出伏安法测定海水Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的影响。发现不添加保存剂时4种金属峰电位变化范围大、出现频次分散,分析方法灵敏度下降。不同类型酸对阳极溶出伏安法测定Pb、Zn、Cd时的峰电位变化影响不大,加浓HNO3时Cu的峰电位变化小于加浓HClO4。根据实验结果,推荐使用保存剂为浓HNO3。  相似文献   
6.

Using two analytical techniques (ICP‐AES and ASV) the heavy metal pollution of Arge? River was studied. These techniques are characterized by similar analytical performances.

The samples were collected from 13 sites starting from Capra Lake (altitude 2241 m) and finishing at Oltenita city (altitude 10 m).

Arge? River is the fifth longest river in Romania after Siret, Mure?, Olt and Some?, its length is 340 km and the river flows through four cities, Curtea de Arge?, Pite?ti, Gae?ti and Oltenita.

The results of the determinations of Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb, indicate that the Arge? River shows relatively low pollution.  相似文献   
7.
底泥样品经盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸消解后,用1+1盐酸溶解残渣,以高氯酸做支持电解质,采用阳极溶出伏安法的标准加入法,连续测定样品中的总镉和总铅。该方法测定土壤标准样品中镉和铅的相对标准偏差分别为5.6%和4.6%,相对误差分别为2.4%和-1.7%;测定自采底泥样品中镉和铅的相对偏差分别为7.7%和8.1%,方法的重复性好;测定土壤标准样品中镉加标回收率为94.0%-106.8%,铅加标回收率为95%-103.8%;自采样品中镉加标回收率为93.0%-105.6%,铅加标回收率为90.0%-105.0%,方法的准确度较高。实验中,镉和铅的半波电位稳定,峰形对称。  相似文献   
8.
胶州湾海洋微表层铜络合的容量   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
采用阳极溶出伏安法测定了2004年胶州湾海水微表层和次表层金属铜离子的络合容量和条件稳定常数,系统地探讨了其分布规律及其与COD、DOC、TN和TP的相关性.结果表明,胶州湾海水微表层铜络合容量有富集现象,平均值微表层为3.85×10-7mol·L-1,次表层为2.45×10-7mol·L-1,富集倍数1.56.条件稳定常数(lgK)微表层为7.21,次表层为7.21;且3月、9月微表层小于次表层,6月、12月微表层大于次表层.胶州湾铜络合容量东北部>西北部>南部>中部>湾口;且9月>6月>12月>3月.海水微表层和次表层铜络合容量与COD、DOC存在显著正相关性,而与TN、TP存在较好负相关性.  相似文献   
9.
以金属离子络合滴定-阳极溶出伏安法(ASV法)测定得出湘江底泥、灵石风化煤和德都泥炭3种腐植酸分别与Pb、Cd的络合稳定常数、络合容量和分子量3个参数.并探讨了可能的误差来源及消除方法。  相似文献   
10.
The complexation capacity for heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb) were determined by anodic stripping voltammetry in South China Sea, Hulun Lake and Wuliang Suhai. The conditional stability constants and complexation capacity index were calculated. The data showed that the complexation capacity of the Hulun Lake was greater than that of seawater and Wuliang Suhai. The sequence of complexation capacity is C (CuL) > C (CdL) > C (PbL), the values are in concord with results of analysis on dissolved organic carbon. The conditional stability constants were in an opposite sequence: K (CuL) < K(CdL) < K (PbL). When logK are similar, the greater the complexation capacity, the greater the complexation capacity index.  相似文献   
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