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The dissipation of carbendazim and chloramphenicol alone and in combination and their effects on soil fungal:bacterial ratios and soil enzyme activities were investigated. The results revealed that carbendazim dissipation was little affected by chloramphenicol, whereas chloramphenicol dissipation was found to be retarded significantly by the presence of carbendazim. The inhibitory effect of carbendazim on the fungal:bacterial ratios was increased by the presence of chloramphenicol, and the inhibitory effect of chloramphenicol on neutral phosphatase was increased by the presence of carbendazim. Carbendazim increased soil catalase and urease activities, but this increase was partially diminished by the presence of chloramphenicol. Little interaction was observed between carbendazim and chloramphenicol with regard to their influence on soil invertase. The results obtained in this study suggest that combinations of fungicides and antibiotics may alter the compounds’ individual behaviors in soil and their effects on soil enzymes. 相似文献
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Yifan Liu Qiongfang Zhang Ainiwaer Sidike Nuerla Ailijiang Anwar Mamat Guangxiao Zhang Miao Pu Wenhu Cheng Zhengtao Pang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(11):141
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Muhammad I. Chughtai Uzma Maqbool Mazhar Iqbal Muhammad S. Shah Terence Fodey 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(12):871-879
This study was undertaken to develop and validate direct competitive ELISA for the determination of chloramphenicol residues in bovine milk. Antisera and an enzyme-tracer for chloramphenicol were prepared and used to develop an ELISA with inhibition concentrations, IC20 and IC50, of 0.09 and 0.44 ng mL?1, respectively. Milk samples were spiked with standards equivalent to 0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 &; 1.5 ng mL?1 and extracted in methanol. The mean recoveries were found to be 73–100% with coefficient of variance 7–11%. The decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) were calculated as 0.10 and 0.12 ng mL?1, respectively. The results were found comparable with the commercial ELISA, having recoveries of 87 to 100%, CCα 0.09 ng mL?1 and CCβ 0.12 ng mL?1. As per Commission Decision 2002/657/EC, in-house ELISA was further validated by using LC-MS/MS. Mass spectral acquisition was done by using electrospray ionization in the negative ion mode applying single reaction monitoring of the diagnostic transition reaction for CAP (m/z 152, 194 and 257). The calibration curve showed good linearity in concentrations from 0.025 to 1.6 ng mL?1 with correction coefficient 0.9902. The mean recoveries were found to be 88 to 100%. The CCα was calculated as 0.057 ng mL?1 and CCβ 0.10 ng mL?1. Since CCα and CCβ are less than half of the MRPL (0.15 ng mL?1), the test was found suitable for screening and quantification of CAP residues in bovine milk samples. Results of surveillance studies indicated that out of 31 analyzed milk samples, 12.9% samples were found with CAP residues but only 3.2% samples were declared positive with maximum concentration 0.31 ng mL?1, slightly above the MRPL. 相似文献
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Effect of temperature switchover on the degradation of antibiotic chloramphenicol by biocathode bioelectrochemical system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Exposure to chloramphenicol(CAP),a chlorinated nitroaromatic antibiotic,can induce CAP-resistant bacteria/genes in diverse environments. A biocathode bioelectrochemical system(BES) was applied to reduce CAP under switched operational temperatures.When switching from 25 to 10°C,the CAP reduction rate(kCAP) and the maximum amount of the dechlorinated reduced amine product(AMCl,with no antibacterial activity) by the biocathode communities were both markedly decreased. The acetate and ethanol yield from cathodophilic microbial glucose fermentation(with release of electrons) was also reduced. Formation of the product AMCl was enhanced by the biocathode dechloridation reaction compared with that produced from pure electrochemical or microbial dechloridation processes. The electrochemical and morphological analyses of cathode biofilms demonstrated that some cathodophilic microbes could adapt to low temperature and play a key role in CAP degradation. The resilient biocathode BES has a potential for the treatment of CAP-containing wastewater in temperature fluctuating environments. 相似文献
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以氯霉素为模板分子、甲基丙烯酰胺为功能单体、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂、离子液体[BMIm]BF4为致孔剂、偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,通过优化反应条件,在甲醇中采用原位聚合分子印迹技术,得到对氯霉素分子具有特异性吸附作用的分子印迹整体柱。试验表明,与传统不使用离子液体的聚合物和非印迹整体柱相比,分子印迹整体柱对基质复杂的牛奶提取液中氯霉素有更好的筛选和分离效果。 相似文献
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