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纤维素是自然界中储量最大的天然高分子,具有可再生、可完全生物降解、生物相容性好等诸多优点,被认为是未来能源、化工的主要原料。由于聚集态结构的特点,天然纤维素不熔融、难溶解,使其应用受到极大限制。近年来,人们发现一定结构的离子液体可以高效地溶解纤维素,这为纤维素的加工与功能化提供了一个崭新和多用途的平台。以离子液体为介质,通过溶解再生和均相衍生化反应可以制得一系列纤维素基高分子材料;通过催化分解等方法,可以得到不同类型的生物质能源以及平台化合物等,从而极大地拓展了纤维素资源的应用领域,促进了纤维素科学的发展。本文收集整理了近十年间发表在国内外期刊上的相关文献,综述了关于离子液体在纤维素化学中应用研究的最新进展。 相似文献
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测定水中苦味酸的国标方法——衍生化-液液萃取-气相色谱法采用的提取溶剂苯毒性较大,杂质较多,苦味酸在衍生过程中有部分损失。在国标方法的基础上,改用环己烷为提取溶剂,以溶剂液封加盖的方式,降低了衍生化产物损耗。选用中口径毛细管色谱柱,优化了色谱条件,有效地将衍生化产物与杂质分离。方法在0.500μg/L~40.0μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为0.083μg/L,标准溶液平行测定6次的RSD≤5.3%,实际样品加标回收率为93.9%~104%。 相似文献
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Ana Aguilera Antonio Valverde Antonio Valverde-Monterreal Luis Garcia-Fuentes Mourad Boulaid 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):541-549
Derivatization of cyprodinil with different reagents and solvents has been evaluated to improve the GC/MS characterization of this fungicide. After assessing some preliminary acylation and silylation reactions, derivatization with anhydrous heptafluorobutyric anhydride (HFBA) was selected as the best derivatization option for cyprodinil. The HFBA-cyprodinil derivative was clearly identified and characterized by GC/MS (ion-trap). The spectrum of the HFBA derivative of cyprodinil was characterized by the base peak, 252 m/z ion, and two other ions with relative abundances of 5% (224 m/z ion) and 4% (420 m/z molecular ion). Conversion rates in the range of 83–92% were obtained when 0.1–1 μg cyprodinil were derivatized in vial without solvent at 25ºC temperature for 120 min, with 5 μL HFBA and 5 μL pyridine. Simultaneous extraction-derivatization of cyprodinil in supercritical carbon dioxide was only achieved when no modifier was present, but conversion/recovery rates obtained in the replicate experiments carried out with 15 mL supercritical carbon dioxide at 50°C and 200 atm (n = 5), 300 atm (n = 7), and 400 atm (n = 5) were no reproducible (RSD > 50%) and ranged between 10% and 45% (related to the signal obtained for derivatization in vial). 相似文献
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衍生化气相色谱-质谱联用法测定土壤中多种酚类化合物 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用衍生化气相色谱-质谱联用法测定土壤中17种酚类化合物,通过试验优化方法参数,使17种酚类化合物在0.400 mg/L~10.0 mg/L范围内线性良好。当取样量为10.0 g时,方法检出限在0.01 mg/kg~0.04 mg/kg之间,实际土壤样品的加标回收率为60.4%~104%,6次平行测定结果的RSD不超过12.5%。 相似文献
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