首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   12112篇
  免费   3069篇
  国内免费   207篇
安全科学   2753篇
废物处理   114篇
环保管理   1675篇
综合类   6114篇
基础理论   1932篇
环境理论   2篇
污染及防治   621篇
评价与监测   914篇
社会与环境   469篇
灾害及防治   794篇
  2025年   122篇
  2024年   460篇
  2023年   541篇
  2022年   615篇
  2021年   629篇
  2020年   612篇
  2019年   580篇
  2018年   481篇
  2017年   589篇
  2016年   605篇
  2015年   611篇
  2014年   660篇
  2013年   797篇
  2012年   872篇
  2011年   954篇
  2010年   629篇
  2009年   734篇
  2008年   534篇
  2007年   683篇
  2006年   659篇
  2005年   469篇
  2004年   334篇
  2003年   355篇
  2002年   294篇
  2001年   235篇
  2000年   247篇
  1999年   209篇
  1998年   146篇
  1997年   134篇
  1996年   94篇
  1995年   121篇
  1994年   62篇
  1993年   80篇
  1992年   48篇
  1991年   38篇
  1990年   20篇
  1989年   16篇
  1988年   17篇
  1987年   13篇
  1986年   15篇
  1985年   8篇
  1984年   11篇
  1983年   5篇
  1982年   11篇
  1981年   16篇
  1980年   5篇
  1979年   2篇
  1978年   4篇
  1977年   6篇
  1969年   1篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
通过对移动通信基站天线的电磁辐射分析和探讨,归纳了移动通信基站建设在施工期、营运期环境保护工作的重点与措施,对电磁环境影响评价制度与方法进行了系统的描述,并指出了今后的工作方向。  相似文献   
2.
针对辽宁省菱镁矿区资源状况与环境问题,提出菱镁矿区土地生态修复技术对策,包括土壤污染等级分类对策、不同立地条件土地复垦适宜性评价与对策、板结土壤复垦技术与对策和排土场贫瘠土壤肥力改良修复对策,进行适宜性复垦植物筛选与复垦效果评价。  相似文献   
3.
The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) has evolved from a mini-NEPA, first enacted in 1970, into a procedural act that affects the approval process of all large developments in California. In 1990, California local governments produced over 1600 environmental impact reports and 30,000 initial studies under CEQA. Because of its widespread use, CEQA has periodically drawn the attention of the state legislature, most recently in 1993, when over 60 CEQA reform bills were introduced. This paper describes the CEQA process and evaluates its success at meeting its explicit and implicit goals. The research includes a statewide survey of CEQA practice, sent to the planning departments of all 513 local governments in California in 1991. Survey respondents agreed that CEQA helps in evaluating environmental impacts, reducing impacts, informing the public, and coordinating public agency review. It is effective in reducing the environmental impacts of individual projects, but is not as effective in improving environmental quality on an areawide scale. This research concludes that CEQA has led to positive outcomes and is not as deeply flawed as many of its critics claim. Still, CEQA as currently designed may not be the optimal vehicle for ensuring environmental quality.  相似文献   
4.
ABSTRACT

The impacts of extreme weather events, causing severe storms and wildfires, cascade across administrative borders within a country, challenging the steering capacity of governance networks at different political scales. This paper examines how accountability and risk were constructed and negotiated in the aftermath of Sweden’s largest wildfire. It draws on results from an interview study with executives of organizations and landowners involved, and an analysis of government reports about the wildfire’s cause and consequences. Although the fire was human-caused, public administrative bodies paid considerable attention to the local emergency services and their poor handling of the wildfire, caused by lack of knowledge of forest fire behavior. The study confirms many of the challenges associated with governance networks. It finds that issues about who to hold accountable, in what forum and for what issue are not fully addressed, being overwhelmed by demands for better knowledge of forest fire prevention and improved coordination and collaboration. To conclude, the paper calls for a better-informed public administration, forest sector and interrelated networks that take responsibility for their actions or lack thereof.  相似文献   
5.
6.
基于CFD的深水钻井溢油事故定量风险评估   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
针对深水钻井作业过程中的井喷溢油问题,基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法,通过UDF函数给定海流流剖面、波浪入口边界条件和海水静压分布情况,结合标准k-ε方程,采用VOF模型实现对油、气、水三相自由面的追踪,建立了溢油扩散事故数值仿真模型,评估深水条件下溢油扩散危害区域,研究海流流速、溢油量对原油扩散的影响。结果表明,海流流速和溢油量是原油扩散行为和危害区域分布范围的重要影响因素。  相似文献   
7.
微塑料是一种粒径小于5 mm的塑料颗粒污染物,对土壤生态系统构成严重威胁.近年来,微塑料的污染问题已愈加受到国内外学者的广泛关注.当前对微塑料的研究多集中于水环境中,而对土壤环境中的研究较少.本文对土壤中微塑料的来源、分类、分布、迁移、污染情况及生态风险等方面的研究进展进行了评述.微塑料主要来源于地膜覆盖、灌溉、堆肥、有机肥料施用及大气沉降等,其分布以农田为主,在农田土壤中存在不同丰度;表层土壤的微塑料可通过淋溶、生物扰动和农业活动等迁移到深层土壤中;微塑料本身含有有害物质,且它可以吸附重金属、有机污染物和抗生素等产生复合污染;微塑料给土壤生态系统带来毒性影响,本文重点分析了微塑料污染对土壤生态系统的生态风险,包括对土壤理化性质、土壤动物、植物和微生物的影响;最后,在总结国内外最新研究进展的基础上,对今后土壤微塑料的研究重点进行了展望.  相似文献   
8.
Fisheries management is the practice of analyzing and selecting options to maintain or alter the structure, dynamics, and interaction of habitat, aquatic biota, and man to achieve human goals and objectives. The theory of fisheries management is: managers or decision makers attempt to maximize renewable `output' from an aquatic resource by choosing from among a set of decision options and applying a set of actions that generate an array of outputs. Outputs may be defined as a tangible catch, a fishing experience, an existence value, or anything else produced or supported by renewable aquatic resources. Overall output is always a mix of tangible and intangible elements. However defined, management goals and objectives are essential components of fisheries management or any other field of renewable natural resource management. Reaching consensus on management goals and objectives has never been a simple task. Beyond the broad and often conflicting goals of an agency, managers must decide who should set specific management objectives — agency personnel, the public, or a combination of the two. Historically, rhetoric aside, fisheries managers in North America nearly always have consulted with professionals in governmental roles to set management objectives. In a strongly pluralistic society, this often resulted in protracted political and legal conflict. Increasingly, there are calls for use of risk assessment to help solve such ecological policy and management problems commonly encountered in fisheries management. The basic concepts of ecological risk assessment may be simple, but the jargon and details are not. Risk assessment (and similar analytical tools) is a concept that has evoked strong reactions whenever it has been used. In spite of the difficulties of defining problems and setting management objectives for complex ecological policy questions, use of risk assessment to help solve ecological problems is widely supported. Ecological risk assessment will be most useful (and objective) in political deliberations when the policy debate revolves around largely technical concerns. To the extent that risk assessment forces policy debate and disagreement toward fundamental differences rather than superficial ones, it will be useful in decision making.  相似文献   
9.
Modeling perceived collision risk in port water navigation   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
An increase in the likelihood of navigational collisions in port waters has put focus on the collision avoidance process in port traffic safety. The most widely used on-board collision-avoidance system is the automatic radar plotting aid which is a passive warning system that triggers an alert based on the pilot’s pre-defined indicators of distance and time proximities at the closest point of approaches in encounters with nearby vessels. To better help pilot in decision making in close quarter situations, collision risk should be considered as a continuous monotonic function of the proximities and risk perception should be considered probabilistically. This paper derives an ordered probit regression model to study perceived collision risks. To illustrate the procedure, the risks perceived by Singapore port pilots were obtained to calibrate the regression model. The results demonstrate that a framework based on the probabilistic risk assessment model can be used to give a better understanding of collision risk and to define a more appropriate level of evasive actions.  相似文献   
10.
我国地表水中磷酸三苯酯的多层次生态风险评估   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
磷酸三苯酯(triphenyl phosphate,TPP)在电缆材料、塑料制品中被大量使用,是地表水中检出频率最高的有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂之一,近年来受到广泛关注。本文通过文献检索TPP的地表水环境暴露浓度以及对水生生物的毒性效应浓度,利用风险商(hazard quotient,HQ)和概率生态风险评价法(probabilistic ecological risk assessments,PERA)对我国主要地表水中的TPP进行多层次生态风险评价。结果显示,TPP在我国地表水中的浓度为0.2~96.3 ng·L~(-1),以生存为测试终点的急性毒性数据推导出的预测无效应浓度(predicted no effect concentration,PNEC)为36.49μg·L~(-1),而以繁殖、发育和生长等为测试终点的慢性毒性数据推导出的PNEC值为1.30μg·L~(-1)。基于急、慢性毒性数据计算的风险商均小于0.1。我国地表水中TPP对0.1%到1%的水生生物造成繁殖、发育和生长等慢性毒性影响的概率分别为1.40%和0.04%,存在较低的潜在生态风险。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号