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排序方式: 共有104条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
为评估昆明市计划首批建设二环路内16座合流污水调蓄池(规模为21.3×104m3)的环境效益,采用构建降雨径流管理模型(SWMM)模拟调蓄池的运行情况,对其截污效能进行分析.结果表明,2008年的113场降雨中,调蓄池共截流污水量1 868.73×104m3,CODCr、TN、TP污染负荷的截流量分别为5 195.28、810.76、68.78 t,污水截流量占合流污水溢流量的11.18%.昆明主城调蓄池是在充分利用和衔接已建、在建的排水管网收集系统和污水处理设施的基础上设计的,调蓄池效能受既定配套条件、场地、降雨特征等的多重影响,建议加大调蓄池和污水处理厂的联动性,并采取集中调蓄截流为主、分散式面源治理为辅的策略,综合防治初期雨水径流污染和合流污水溢流污染. 相似文献
2.
基于浮游生物群落变化的生态学基准值计算方法初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于浮游生物群落对环境压力变化的响应,参照美国国家环境保护局(US EPA)颁布的生物学基准计算方法,结合理化因子,采用综合指数法计算了我国太湖流域和辽河流域的生态学基准值.计算框架为:①确定流域水环境生态学基准参照点和生态学基准指标;②作出参照点各基准指标box分布图并进行评分;③将各生态学基准指标得分等权重相加,并把90分位数值作为该流域的基准值.结果表明:我国太湖流域夏、冬季的生态学基准值分别为94.7和86.7,辽河流域夏、冬季的生态学基准值分别为100.0和96.4.通过该基准值可较好地区分2009年辽河流域和太湖流域夏、冬季采样点位的生境优劣,这说明基于浮游生物群落变化来计算生态学基准值的方法是可行的. 相似文献
3.
基于生产和消费视角的辽宁省行业能源消费碳排放 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
行业能源消费碳排放核算是碳减排政策制订的基础,从消费视角进行行业碳排放研究日趋重要.基于经济投入产出生命周期评价模型,从生产和消费视角解析了辽宁省2007年行业能源消费碳排放分布规律.结果表明:生产视角碳排放量行业集中度高,该视角碳排放总量的78.73%集中在电力、热力的生产和供应业,金属冶炼及压延加工业,非金属矿物制品业以及交通运输、仓储及邮政业;为其他行业提供产品和服务是造成行业生产端碳排放的主要原因;消费视角下行业碳排放总量的53.79%集中在金属冶炼及压延加工业,建筑业,电力、热力的生产和供应业以及其他行业;上游供应行业的间接碳排放是造成消费端排放的主体.从碳排放强度来看,生产视角下各行业碳排放强度差异性较大,电力、热力的生产和供应业的碳排放强度最大,为9.17t/万元;消费视角下行业之间的碳排放强度差异性较小,均低于3 t/万元.最后针对不同视角下分析结果的差异性提出了相应对策的侧重点. 相似文献
4.
以沈阳市建设的第一座大型人工湖泊丁香湖为研究对象,针对丁香湖在基础设施建设、生态系统功能恢复等方面存在诸多现实问题为例,通过依势修整、科学引蓄、补水调换、人工生态浮岛和水生植物布设、局部复氧曝气和辅助的抑藻手段等综合治理措施,使丁香湖水质得到有效改善、生物多样性得到恢复。 相似文献
5.
为了配合乡、镇发展,须考虑规划兴建大型污水处理厂,以免污水破坏环境;但过往颇多大型污水处理厂出现初投大、使用率低等现像,原因是建造配套市政地下管网涉及更大之投资和复杂的征地、施工等问题,难以配合发展速度解决,或因不明朗因素高估了乡镇的发展需要,种种原因往往导致急速发展的地区浪费国家资源。浮水植物生长迅速、吸收养份的能力特强,美国早在三十多年前应用於处理生活污水,唯因有引起臭味、蚊患等蔽端而未推广,经改良之后受到进一步重视。浮水植物水处理系统大多采用凤眼莲,系统拥有统建设规模弹性、投资小、能耗低和操作易等优点,可作为乡、镇污水处理的一个过渡性选择甚至最终方案考虑。 相似文献
6.
The current risk management approach for the Norwegian offshore petroleum industry came into effect in 2001 and has been stable with minor changes for 15 years. Relatively few new installations were slated for development until quite recently, and several new projects have been started in the last few years. The paper considers the risk management approach in the pre-FEED phase and builds on two case studies selected from the most recent cases. These case studies have been evaluated with respect to how uncertainties are considered in the early phase, based on the submission of the Plan for Development and Operation, their evaluations by authorities and the supporting documents. Both case studies involve new concepts for which there is no experience from similar environments and/or water depths. In spite of what could have been expected, the case studies conclude that uncertainties have not been in focus at all during concept development. This appears to be definitely the case for the licensees, but also to be the case for the authorities. Some suggestions are presented for what could have been considered by the licensees and authorities. 相似文献
7.
Mara C. Diguez Claudia P. Queimalios Sergio Ribeiro Guevar Mark Marvin-DiPasquale Carolina Soto Crdenas Mara A. Arribre 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(10):1980-1991
Ligands present in dissolved organic matter (DOM) form complexes with inorganic divalent mercury (Hg^2+) affecting its bioavailability in pelagic food webs. This investigation addresses the influence of a natural gradient of DOM present in Patagonian lakes on the bioaccumulation of Hg^2+ (the prevailing mercury species in the water column of these lakes) by the algae Cryptomonas erosa and the zooplankters Brachionus calyciflorus and Boeckella antiqua. Hg^2+ accumulation was studied through laboratory experiments using natural water of four oligotrophic Patagonian lakes amended with^197Hg^2+. The bioavailability of Hg^2+ was affected by the concentration and character of DOM. The entrance of Hg^2+ into pelagic food webs occurs mostly through passive and active accumulation. The incorporation of Hg^2+ by Cryptomonas, up to 27% of the Hg^2+ amended, was found to be rapid and dominated by passive adsorption, and was greatest when low molecular weight compounds with protein-like or small phenolic signatures prevailed in the DOM. Conversely, high molecular weight compounds with a humic or fulvic signature kept Hg^2+ in the dissolved phase, resulting in the lowest Hg^2+ accumulation in this algae. In Brachionus and Boeckella the direct incorporation of Hg from the aqueous phase was up to 3% of the Hg^2+ amended. The dietary incorporation of Hg^2+ by Boeckella exceeded the direct absorption of this metal in natural water, and was remarkably similar to the Hg^2+ adsorbed in their prey. Overall, DOM concentration and character affected the adsorption of Hg^2+ by algae through competitive binding, while the incorporation of Hg^2+ into the zooplankton was dominated by trophic or dietary transfer. 相似文献
8.
Mouheb Sboui Mohamed Faouzi Nsi Ali Rayes Meenakshisundaram Swaminathan Ammar Houas 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(10):3-13
A novel photocatalyst based on TiO_2–PANI composite supported on small pieces of cork has been reported. It was prepared by simple impregnation method of the polyaniline(PANI)–modified TiO_2 on cork. The TiO_2–PANI/Cork catalyst shows the unique feature of floating on the water surface. The as-synthesized catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron micrograph(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra(UV–vis DRS) and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET) surface area analysis. Characterization suggested the formation of anatase highly dispersed on the cork surface. The prepared floating photocatalyst showed high efficiency for the degradation of methyl orange dye and other organic pollutants under solar irradiation and constrained conditions, i.e., no-stirring and no-oxygenation. The TiO_2–PANI/Cork floating photocatalyst can be reused for at least four consecutive times without significant decrease of the degradation efficiency. 相似文献
9.
The status of energy consumption and air pollution in China is serious. It is important to analyze and predict the different fuel consumption of various types of vehicles under different influence factors. In order to fully describe the relationship between fuel consumption and the impact factors, massive amounts of floating vehicle data were used. The fuel consumption pattern and congestion pattern based on large samples of historical floating vehicle data were explored, drivers'' information and vehicles'' parameters from different group classification were probed, and the average velocity and average fuel consumption in the temporal dimension and spatial dimension were analyzed respectively. The fuel consumption forecasting model was established by using a Back Propagation Neural Network. Part of the sample set was used to train the forecasting model and the remaining part of the sample set was used as input to the forecasting model. 相似文献
10.
基于水质与浮游生物调查的汉石桥湿地富营养化评价 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
基于水质与浮游生物的综合调查与评价,可准确判断湿地的富营养化状况.本文以汉石桥湿地为研究对象,设置7个采样点,开展了水质、浮游植物、浮游动物分类监测与调查,并利用营养状态指数法、浮游植物评价法和浮游动物评价法3种方法,评价了水体富营养化状态,比较了各种方法的结果差异.结果表明,3种评价方法的评价结果在时空变化上具有较高的一致性,均显示非核心区富营养化程度较低,核心区富营养化水平较高;各月份相比,10月湿地的富营养化程度较低,6—8月富营养化程度较高.浮游植物和浮游动物评价法所得湿地富营养化程度较营养状态指数法略高,主要表现在4、10月的非核心区评价中.综合水质、浮游植物与浮游动物进行富营养化评价,可得到更为准确的评价结果. 相似文献