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1.
In this study we analyzed and modelled spatial distribution of hard bottom benthic communities in the Lagoon of Venice, and used the model to derive functional response of these communities to changing environmental conditions.  相似文献   
2.
崇明东滩底栖动物群落与潮滩高程的关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
东滩低潮滩以软体动物中的麂眼螺、泥螺等占优势;中潮滩以软体动物的麂眼螺、霍甫水丝蚓、彩虹明樱蛤及双翅目幼虫为优势;高潮滩的优势种为绯拟沼螺、双翅目幼虫以及一些大型蟹类如无齿相手蟹和天津厚蟹等。在生物量方面,中潮滩的底栖动物生物量最高为139.8g/m^2,其次为高潮滩,其生物量为109.7g/m^2,生物量最低的为低潮滩,仅有61.77g/m^2,平均生物量排序为中潮滩〉高潮滩〉低潮滩。在多样性方面,3个潮带也以中潮滩最高,其次是高潮滩和低潮滩。底栖动物的这种分带情况与3个潮带特有生境密切相关,沿高程梯度,底栖动物群落呈现出明显的空间生态系列格局。低潮滩代表了潮滩湿地演替的初级阶段。中潮滩底栖动物种类数和多样性都较高,此带代表了潮滩湿地演替的较高阶段。高潮滩显示了向陆生群落演变的趋势。  相似文献   
3.
Sandy beaches are the prime sites for human recreation and underpin many coastal economies and developments. In many coastal areas worldwide, beach recreation relies on the use of off-road vehicles (ORVs) driven on the shore. Yet, the use of ORVs is not universally embraced due to social conflicts with other beach user groups and putative environmental consequences of vehicle traffic on sandy shores. Such ecological impacts of ORVs are, however, poorly understood for endobenthic invertebrates of the intertidal zone seawards of the dunes. Consequently, this study quantified the degree to which assemblages of intertidal beach invertebrates are affected by traffic. The study design comprised a series of temporally replicated spatial contrasts between two reference sites (no ORVs) and two beaches with heavy ORV traffic (in excess of 250,000 vehicles per year) located in South-East Queensland, Australia. Macrobenthic assemblages on ORV-impacted beaches had significantly fewer species at substantially reduced densities, resulting in marked shifts in community composition and structure. These shifts were particularly strong on the middle and upper shore where vehicle traffic was concentrated. Strong effects of ORVs were detectable in all seasons, but increased towards the summer months as a result of heavier traffic volumes. This study provides clear evidence that ORVs can have substantial impacts on sandy beach invertebrates that are manifested throughout the whole community. Demonstrating such an ecological impact caused by a single type of human use poses a formidable challenge to management, which needs to develop multi-faceted approaches to balance environmental, social, cultural, and economic arguments in the use of sandy shores, including management of “beach traffic.”  相似文献   
4.
于2018年12月—2019年8月对高宝湖区4个湖泊的浮游植物及大型底栖动物的群落结构和多样性进行了调查。结果表明,各湖泊浮游植物和大型底栖动物的密度、生物量、优势种及多样性存在显著的时空差异(P<0.05),浮游植物和底栖动物的密度和生物量均表现为丰水期最大,2类水生生物的Margalef丰富度指数和Shannon Wiener多样性指数变化趋势一致。浮游植物种群组成上主要以绿藻门为主,丰水期高邮湖和白马湖的藻密度已达到轻度水华的级别,且各湖泊浮游植物优势种主要为蓝藻门易引起水华的藻类,各湖泊浮游植物物种多样性评价等级为“一般”至“较丰富”;底栖动物群落主要由摇蚊科幼虫、双壳类和软甲类动物构成,优势种主要为摇蚊科幼虫和寡毛类动物,物种多样性评价等级为“贫乏”至“一般”。各湖泊浮游植物藻密度增加,底栖动物敏感物种减少。水质的生物评价结果为4个湖泊均受到不同程度的污染,表明湖泊受到的环境压力增大,水生生物群落结构发生变化,多样性降低。  相似文献   
5.
养马岛后海区域秋季大型底栖动物群落特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2010年9月在烟台养马岛后海海域开展了大型底栖动物调查,并进行了群落特征分析。结果表明,该海域内的大型底栖动物多毛类占绝对优势,群落间差异较小,可划分为4 个群落,长叶索沙蚕(Lumbrinereis longiforlia)、钩毛虫(Sigambra sp.)、中蚓虫(Mediomastus sp.)等多毛类生物的丰度高低是构成群落差异的主要因素。栖息环境的差异是造成群落间差异的主要原因,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.17~2.92,平均值为2.13。人为扰动是影响多样性水平的主要因素,在航道通过、养殖区分布的影响下,群落受到不同程度的扰动,整体稳定性较弱。  相似文献   
6.
陆源有机污染对舟山海域大型底栖生物分布的影响   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
2009年4月对舟山海域进行了25个站位的底栖生物调查,结合同期进行初级生产力、海水水质等的调查数据,分析了初级生产力、富营养化等环境因子对舟山海域大型底栖生物分布的影响。结果表明,舟山海域大型底栖生物共获得84种,多毛类是主要优势类群。舟山海域大型底栖生物平均生物量为11.62g/m2,平均丰度为208.5个/平方米,多样性指数(H')为1.64。舟山海域大型底栖生物的生物量、丰度和多样性指数均呈现由近岸向外海递增的趋势。应用相关性统计分析表明,舟山海域大型底栖生物的分布与海水化学耗氧量(COD)、无机氮(DIN)、磷酸盐(DIP)、富营养化指数和底层溶解氧(DO)存在显著负相关;与初级生产力、盐度和透明度存在显著正相关。说明陆源有机污染、盐度、透明度、初级生产力和底层溶解氧是影响舟山海域大型底栖生物分布的主要因素,其中陆源有机污染是最主要的影响因素。  相似文献   
7.
The paper deals with the standing stock of macrobenthic infauna and associated environmental factors influencing the benthic community in the shelf region of the northwest Indian coast. The data were collected onboard FORV Sagar Sampada during the winter monsoon (January–February, 2003) to understand the community structure and the factors influencing the benthic distribution. The environmental parameters, sediment characteristics and macrobenthic infauna were collected at 26 stations distributed in the depths between 30 and 200 m extending from nobreak{Mormugao} to Porbander. Total benthic abundance was high in lower depths (50–75 m), and low values noticed at 30 m depth contour was peculiar. Polychaetes were the dominant group and were more abundant in shallow and middle depths with moderate organic matter, clay and relatively high dissolved oxygen. On the other hand crustaceans and molluscs were more abundant in deeper areas having sandy sediment and low temperature. High richness and diversity of whole benthic groups observed in deeper depths counter balanced the opposite trend shown by polychaete species. Generally benthos preferred medium grain sized texture with low organic matter and high organic matter had an adverse effect especially on filter feeders. Deposit feeding polychaetes dominated in shallow depths while carnivore species in the middle depths. Ecologically, benthos were controlled by a combination of factors such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, sand and organic matter and no single factor could be considered as an ecological master factor.  相似文献   
8.
An assessment of the diversity and abundance of macrobenthic community in a refined-oil (petrol) impacted and fire-ravaged mangrove ecosystem within the vicinity of a marine receipt terminal facility (Atlas Cove) serving as a distribution and pump station for refined products was carried out. The mangrove ecosystem was subjected to massive petrol spillage from a leaking pipeline and eventual fire outbreak. Following rehabilitation activities, a recovery assessment of the impacted ecosystem was carried out. The field surveys revealed that the petrol leakage and fire outbreak resulted in a near complete destruction of the mangrove ecosystem around the Atlas Cove depot, with macrobenthic species diversity index ranging between 0−0.4, compared to 0.78−0.87 in the control stations. The dominant early arrivals or colonizers of the impacted stations areas were Clibanarius africanus and Callinectes amnicola. Early signs of recovery of the impacted area were observed within about two and a half (2 1/2) to three (3) months, based on diversity and abundance indices respectively. The period of early signs of recovery also coincide with an observed reduction in the total hydrocarbon content (THC) levels in the sediment collected from the impacted stations by about nine folds from 3.67 mg/kg to 0.42 mg/kg within 3 months. Despite the apparent signs of recovery, the need for long-term monitoring of the impacted stations was discussed.  相似文献   
9.
2015年8月,对秦山岛周边的10个站位进行大型底栖动物定量调查。采用生物多样性指数法和丰度生物量比较法对大型底栖动物群落健康状况进行评价。结果显示,共鉴定大型底栖动物7大类31种,其中软体动物、环节动物各10种,节肢动物5种,脊索动物和棘皮动物各2种,纽虫类和腔肠动物各1种;密度优势类群为软体动物,占总密度的35.00%,生物量优势类群为脊索动物,占总生物量的49.35%;优势种分别为红狼牙虾虎鱼(Odontamblyopus rubicundus)、棘刺锚参(Protankyra bidentata)、内卷原盒螺(Eocylichna involuta)和微角齿口螺(Odostomia subangulata)。大型底栖动物密度为站位St.6最大,为115 ind./m2,St.2最小,为20 ind./m2,平均值为70 ind./m2;生物量St.3最大,为197.25 g/m2,St.9最小,为2.56 g/m2,平均值为54.04 g/m2。秦山岛受污染压力、人为活动干扰和生境限制能因素影响,多样性偏低,优势种为耐污的软体动物、脊索动物和棘皮动物,但其主要为K对策种类,大型底栖动物群落受到了轻度干扰,但群落结构仍较为稳定。  相似文献   
10.
连云港市泥砂质潮间带大型底栖动物群落调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
于2013年9月对连云港市某泥砂质潮间带3个站位的大型底栖动物进行调查,结果表明,有大型底栖动物57种,其中多毛类23种,甲壳类18种,软体动物10种,其他类群6种。该潮间带大型底栖动物的总平均丰度为2 119.1 m-2,总平均生物量为66.34 g/m2,其中光滑狭口螺(Stenothyra glabar)在高潮带的丰度高达3 082.7 m-2,整个潮间带丰度呈现由高潮带向低潮带逐渐降低的趋势。潮间带Shannon-Wiener多样性指数平均值3.26;整个调查潮间带的沉积物环境较清洁。  相似文献   
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