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Subsequent to irradiation with a xenon lamp simulating sunlight, fluoroquinolone carboxylic acids in aqueous solution form polar pyridone dicarboxylic and tricarboxylic acids. After liquid/liquid partition with chloroform/water these substances can be isolated by ion exchange chromatography of the aqueous phase. They can be regarded as intermediate compounds on the route to a complete photomineralization. The structural elucidation is performed by such mass spectroscopic methods as MS, GC/MS and HPLC/MS, whereby HPLC/MS shows the highest reliability. Additionally1H- and13C-NMR measurements confirm the structure of the main polar degradation product.  相似文献   
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Li W  Shi Y  Gao L  Liu J  Cai Y 《Chemosphere》2012,89(11):1307-1315
This study investigated the presence and distribution of 22 antibiotics, including eight quinolones, nine sulfonamides and five macrolides, in the water, sediments, and biota samples from Baiyangdian Lake, China. A total of 132 samples were collected in 2008 and 2010, and laboratory analyses revealed that antibiotics were widely distributed in the lake. Sulfonamides were the dominant antibiotics in the water (0.86-1563 ng L−1), while quinolones were prominent in sediments (65.5-1166 μg kg−1) and aquatic plants (8.37-6532 μg kg−1). Quinolones (17.8-167 μg kg−1) and macrolides [from below detection limit (BDL) to 182 μg kg−1] were often found in aquatic animals and birds. Salvinia natans exhibited the highest bioaccumulation capability for quinolones among three species of aquatic plants. Geographical differences of antibiotic concentrations were greatly due to anthropogenic activities. Sewage discharged from Baoding City was likely the main source of antibiotics in the lake. Risk assessment of antibiotics on aquatic organisms suggested that algae and aquatic plants might be at risk in surface water, while animals were likely not at risk.  相似文献   
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随着社会经济的发展,大量含有抗生素的废水未经有效处理排放到水环境中,加剧了城市水环境中抗生素的污染.本研究以石家庄市地表水和地下水为研究对象,采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(HPLC-MS)分析了石家庄水环境中喹诺酮类(Quinolones,QNs)抗生素的空间分布特征,并采用风险熵值法(RQ)评估了石家庄市水环境中QNs的生态风险和健康风险.结果表明:1在石家庄市河流和水库中,QNs抗生素的浓度分别为98.43~4398.00 ng·L-1和9.99~49.24 ng·L-1,恩诺沙星(Enrofloxacin,ENR)和依诺沙星(Enoxacin,ENO)分别是河流和水库中主要的QNs抗生素;2在石家庄市地下水中,QNs抗生素的浓度为3.45~15.41 ng·L-1;3相关分析结果表明,在地表水中氧氟沙星(Ofloxacin,OFL)、诺氟沙星(Norfloxacin,NOR)、恩诺沙星(Enrofloxacin,ENR)、双氟沙星(Difloxacin,DIF)、沙氟沙星(Sarafloxacin,SAR)、恶喹酸(Oxolinic Acid,OXO)和氟甲喹(Flumequine,FLU)与温度(T)和总溶解性固体颗粒物(TDS)呈显著相关(p<0.01),而ENO与pH显著相关(p<0.01);在地下水中吡哌酸(Pipemidic Acid,PIP)和马波沙星(Marbofloxacin,MAR)与T显著相关;4地表水中QNs与地下水中QNs的相关性不显著,表明石家庄市地下水中QNs的主要来源不是地表水;5生态风险结果表明,石家庄市地表水中QNs总体处于高风险水平,而地下水QNs整体处于中低风险水平;6人体健康风险结果表明,石家庄市水环境中QNs抗生素的健康风险较低.总体来说,石家庄市水环境中QNs污染在地表水中更为严峻,而石家庄地表水中QNs浓度最高的区域为汪洋沟.  相似文献   
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利用固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法(SPE-HPLC-MS/MS)对广西九洲江地区的6个污水处理厂的进水和出水中的喹诺酮类抗生素(QNs)进行检测,分析不同处理工艺对QNs的去除情况,并对检出的QNs进行冗余分析,探究其与环境变量之间的相关性。结果表明,污水处理厂进水中诺氟沙星(NFX)检出浓度最高,其次是环丙沙星(CPX)、氧氟沙星(OFX)和恩诺沙星(EFX),QNs在进水和出水时的质量浓度分别为252.1~1 374.9 ng/L和44.4~147.1 ng/L;污水中QNs的总去除率为66.6%~92.5%;Na+、K+和总有机碳(TOC)与多数QNs呈正相关关系,Ca2+、Mg2+、pH值与多数QNs呈负相关关系。  相似文献   
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