首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   512篇
  免费   20篇
  国内免费   52篇
废物处理   1篇
环保管理   70篇
综合类   150篇
基础理论   78篇
污染及防治   184篇
评价与监测   76篇
社会与环境   23篇
灾害及防治   2篇
  2023年   3篇
  2022年   10篇
  2021年   3篇
  2020年   7篇
  2019年   8篇
  2018年   8篇
  2017年   13篇
  2016年   20篇
  2015年   10篇
  2014年   16篇
  2013年   55篇
  2012年   28篇
  2011年   72篇
  2010年   31篇
  2009年   49篇
  2008年   54篇
  2007年   34篇
  2006年   28篇
  2005年   12篇
  2004年   15篇
  2003年   16篇
  2002年   14篇
  2001年   13篇
  2000年   9篇
  1999年   5篇
  1998年   14篇
  1997年   11篇
  1995年   5篇
  1994年   6篇
  1993年   3篇
  1992年   3篇
  1988年   2篇
  1985年   2篇
  1984年   1篇
  1982年   1篇
  1978年   1篇
  1973年   1篇
  1968年   1篇
排序方式: 共有584条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This study investigated the levels, sources and ecological risks of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in two sediment cores that were collected along the Huaxi Reservoir. The spatial distributions and residue levels of the 16 priority PAHs in the sediments from the Huaxi Reservoir were analyzed for their potential ecological risk, source apportionment and contribution to the total PAH residue. The concentration level of the total PAHs (TPAHs) was in the range 1805 ng·g?1 to 20023 ng·g?1 based on dry weight, and the content of PAHs in the Huaxi Reservoir exhibited a gradual upward trend. The PAH congener ratios fluoranthene/(fluoranthene + pyrene) and indeno[1, 2, 3-cd]pyrene/(indeno[1, 2, 3-cd]pyrene + benzo[g, h, i]perylene) were used to identify the source. The main source of the low molecular weight PAHs was wood and coal combustion, whereas the high molecular weight PAHs were primarily from petroleum combustion sources. The results of an ecological risk assessment demonstrated that ACE poses a potential ecological risk, while FLU, NAP, ANT, BaP, DBA, PHEN and PYR can have serious ecological risks.  相似文献   
2.
采用加速溶剂萃取法提取沉积物中的有机氯和多氯联苯,提取液用凝胶色谱法净化后用气相色谱-质谱法测定。方法在5.00μg/L~200μg/L范围内线性良好,当取样量为10.0 g时,方法检出限为0.03μg/kg~0.37μg/kg,空白样品2个质量比水平的加标回收率为70.8%~121%,测定结果的RSD为2.7%~11.5%。用该方法测定实际样品,结果 12个抽检的沉积物样品中多氯联苯均未检出,9个样品中有机氯检出。  相似文献   
3.
建立了加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定沉积物中5种微囊藻毒素(MC-LR、MC-RR、MC-LW、MC-LF、MC-YR)的方法。选择甲醇-水(1∶4,V/V)为ASE萃取溶剂,萃取温度和萃取压力分别为80℃和13.1 MPa,固相萃取过程以HLB小柱为萃取柱,采用液相色谱-串联质谱分析。方法在5种微囊藻毒素质量浓度5~100μg/L内线性良好(r0.995),回收率为76.0%~118%,相对标准偏差为1.9%~12.0%,检出限为2~3μg/kg,定量下限为8~12μg/kg。该方法已用于西太湖沉积物的检测,具有较好的方法适用性。  相似文献   
4.
采用Na Cl溶液提取,顶空气相色谱法测定底泥中的三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯,方法在0.098 ng/L~1.03 ng/L范围内线性良好,三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯的方法检出限分别为0.013 ng/g和0.016 ng/g。对空白样品做3个质量比水平的加标回收试验,7次测定结果的RSD为2.0%~3.8%,平均加标回收率为94.0%~109%。将该方法用于桂林市漓江底泥样品的测定,结果三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯均为未检出,实际样品加标回收率为92.0%~107%。  相似文献   
5.
Marine regional Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQG) for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from the Basque coast (SE Bay of Biscay) were determined, on the basis of sediment chemistry, toxicity and benthic community disturbance from analysis of 756 estuarine and coastal samples. The SQG were calculated using a percentile approach (based upon effect and non-effect data), using non-normalised and normalised concentration, by total organic carbon. However, normalisation by total organic carbon did not result in any improvement in accuracy compared with non-normalised values. Hence, this study proposes non-normalised SQG values for assessment of the chemical and physicochemical status in marine waters in the Basque Country, within the Water Framework Directive: 24.6–29 μg kg?1 for total PCBs; 164–285 μg kg?1 for low molecular weight PAH; 922–1537 μg kg?1 for high molecular weight PAH; and 1607–2617 μg kg?1 for total PAH.  相似文献   
6.
铅锌冶炼废水处理后沉渣重金属元素特征与环境活性研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
通过扫描电子显微镜与X射线衍射仪分析、BCR法三步连续提取及元素化学分析,对铅锌冶炼废水处理后沉渣中重金属的赋存状态、环境活性进行研究。结果表明,沉渣中主要毒害元素为Zn、Pb、Mn、Cd和Cu,且以非晶态存在,其含量分别为62350、29530、7650、4530和830 mg/kg。渣中Zn和Cd酸可提取态所占比例较大,分别为37.72%和34.44%; Mn的可还原态相对含量很高,达到49.67%;Zn和Pb的可氧化态含量较高,分别占全量的34.16%、34.68%;Pb和Cu的残渣态含量较高,分别占全量的39.72%和61.69%。  相似文献   
7.
The addition of activated carbon (AC) is an increasingly popular method for pollutant immobilization, and the AC material can be made of biomass or coal/fossil feedstock. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there are differences between pollutant sorption to biomass and coal-based AC in the presence and absence of sediment. Through N2 and CO2 adsorption to probe surface area and pore size it was shown that the biomass-based AC had a stronger dominance of narrow pores in the size range 3.5-15 Å than the anthracite-based material. In the absence of sediment, sorption isotherms for the probe compounds pyrene and PCB-101 showed stronger sorption for the biomass-based AC (logarithmic Freundlich coefficients 8.15 for pyrene; 9.91 for PCB-101) than for the anthracite-based one (logarithmic Freundlich coefficients 7.20 and 9.70, respectively). In the presence of sediment, the opposite trend was observed, with the stronger sorption for anthracite-based AC. Thus, the presence of competing and/or pore-blocking sediment constituents reduces sorption to a larger extent for biomass-derived AC (factor of 5 for pyrene to almost 100 for PCB-101) than for anthracite-based AC (no reduction for pyrene to factor of 5 for PCB-101). This difference is tentatively attributed to the difference in pore size distribution, narrow pores being more prone to clogging, and could have implications for remediation feasibility with AC from different sources.  相似文献   
8.
对疏浚后的南京南湖底泥的TP、TN和COD释放规律、补水后的水质状况以及藻类演替规律进行了调查。结果表明,上覆水中TP平均质量浓度基本不随自来水补入量的增加而发生变化,TN和COD质量浓度随自来水补入量的增加而增大;水体中的TP、TN和COD含量总体呈上升趋势;从2005年3月中旬起,出现藻类的大量繁殖,在2005年7月发生水华,藻类优势种由裸藻、隐藻和小环藻演替为裸藻、栅藻和韦斯藻,藻类总量由2005年3月的3.7×106L-1上升到2006年4月的1.5×107L-1。  相似文献   
9.
Jäntti H  Hietanen S 《Ambio》2012,41(2):161-169
Primary production in the eutrophic Baltic Sea is limited by nitrogen availability; hence denitrification (natural transformation of nitrate to gaseous N2) in the sediments is crucial in mitigating the effects of eutrophication. This study shows that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) process, where nitrogen is not removed but instead recycled in the system, dominates nitrate reduction in low oxygen conditions (O2 <110 μM), which have been persistent in the central Gulf of Finland during the past decade. The nitrogen removal rates measured in this study show that nitrogen removal has decreased in the Gulf of Finland compared to rates measured in mid-1990s and the decrease is most likely caused by the increased bottom water hypoxia.  相似文献   
10.
Information on benthic carbon mineralization rates is often derived from the analysis of oxygen microprofiles in sediments. To enable a direct comparison of different sediment environments, it is often desirable to characterize sediments by a single proxy that expresses their “reactivity” towards oxygen. For this, there are three commonly used proxies: the oxygen penetration depth (OPD), the oxygen flux at the sediment-water interface (DOU), and the maximum volumetric oxygen consumption rate (Rmax). The OPD can be directly determined from the oxygen depth profile, while the DOU is usually obtained by a linear fit to the oxygen gradient either in diffusive boundary layer. The oxygen consumption rate Rmax requires the fitting of a reactive-transport model to the data profile. This article shows that the OPD alone is a suboptimal proxy, because it shows a strong dependence on the half-saturation constant Ks, and secondly, because it is sensitive to the particular re-oxidation conditions right above the oxic-anoxic interface. Similarly, the volumetric oxygen consumption rate Rmax is rather strongly dependent on the kinetic model formulation employed. To show this we fitted three different (Bouldin, Blackman and Monod) kinetics to the same oxygen data profiles. When fitting these models, the Rmax values obtained differed by 20% for exactly the same oxygen profile. Accordingly, if one reports Rmax values, it is crucial to specify the kinetic model alongside. Overall, DOU emerges as sediment reactivity proxy which is the least model dependent.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号