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1.
地面水中叶枯灵的高效液相色谱测定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文采用反相高效液相色谱法,在质控条件下,对河水,塘水两种地面水中叶枯灵的检验方法进行了测试,用Shimapck ODS柱为分析柱,以甲醇:水=50:50为流动相,并用冰醋酸调PH至4-5,紫外检测波长281nm,两种水样的平均回收率分别为91.7-96.3%,90-95.8%,相对标准偏差为4.3%,最低检出限为0.0261mg/l,为地面水中叶枯灵卫生标准的实施提供了简便,灵敏,正确的配套测试手段。 相似文献
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A. Camacho R. Devesa I. Serrano S. Blázquez L. Matia 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2010,101(12):1048-1054
A study is presented on the distribution of 234U, 238U, 235U isotopes in surface water of the Llobregat river basin (Northeast Spain), from 2001 to 2006. Sixty-six superficial water samples were collected at 16 points distributed throughout the Llobregat river basin. Uranium isotopes were measured by alpha spectrometry (PIPS detectors). The test procedure was validated according to the quality requirements of the ISO17025 standard. The activity concentration for the total dissolved uranium ranges from 20 to 261 mBq L−1. The highest concentrations of uranium were detected in an area with formations of sedimentary rock, limestone and lignite. A high degree of radioactive disequilibrium was noted among the uranium isotopes. The 234U/238U activity ratio varied between 1.1 and 1.9 and the waters with the lowest uranium activity registered the highest level of 234U/238U activity ratio. Correlations between uranium activity in the tested water and chemical and physical characteristics of the aquifer were found. 相似文献
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湿法消解-原子荧光光谱法同时测定地表水中的砷和汞 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为提高检测效率、降低检测成本、提高检测的准确性,采用硝酸消解水样,断续流动进样,在KBH_4-酸体系中、最佳的仪器试验条件下,用原子荧光光谱法同时测定地表水中的砷和汞。实验结果表明:砷、汞检出限分别为0.109、0.0026μg/L,线性范围分别为0~40μg/L和0~2μg/L,精密度都是1.4%,加标回收率分别为93.5%~107%和96.0%~104%。表明该检测方法检出限低、干扰性小、精密度高、测定结果稳定,能够满足地表水中砷和汞同时测定要求。 相似文献
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综述了全氟和多氟烷基化合物(PFASs)在国内外地表水环境中的空间分布及污染特征,总结归纳了PFASs的来源和特征变化趋势。针对地表水中PFASs的监测种类、监测技术及风险评估等方面存在的问题,提出未来需加强日常监测,重点加强对水环境中新型PFASs的关注;针对流域中不同种类PFASs建立高特异性、高灵敏度监测新技术;筛选适合的水生生物作为环境污染指示物以应用于新污染物的评估等建议。为今后我国地表水环境 PFASs污染的现状调查及治理工作提供确实可行的科学参考。 相似文献
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Binghui Zheng Xiaolei Liu Rui Guo Qing Fu Xingru Zhao Shanjun Wang Sheng Chang Xing Wang Mengjiao Geng Guang Yang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(11):97-109
In this work, a method was developed and optimized for the analysis of polyfluoroalkyl and/or perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) content in surface water and sediment samples with high instrumental response and good separation. Surface water and sediment samples were collected from the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) to analyze the distribution characteristics of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids(PFCAs), perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids(PFSAs), perfluoroalkyl phosphonic acids(PFPAs), perfluoroalkyl phosphinic acids(PFPiAs), and polyfluoroalkyl phosphoric acid diesters(di PAPs). The results showed that the total concentrations of PFCAs and PFSAs in YRD varied from 31 to 902 ng/L. PFCAs(≥ 11 carbons) and PFSAs(≥ 10 carbons atoms) were not detected in any surface water samples. The mean concentrations of all PFCAs and PFSAs in surface water from the sampling areas decreased in the following order:Yangtze river(191 ng/L) ≈ Taihu lake(189 ng/L) Huangpu river(122 ng/L) ≈ Qiantang river(120 ng/L) Jiaxing urban river(100 ng/L). Strong significant(p 0.05) correlations between the concentrations of many of the compounds were found in the sampling areas, suggesting a common source for these compounds. Only perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) was observed in all sediment samples, at concentrations varying from 0.02 to 1.35 ng/g. Finally, detection rates of two di PAPs were only 8% and 10%, respectively and the concentration of di PAPs was two to three times lower compared to PFCAs and PFSAs. 相似文献
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The simultaneous removal of ammonium and manganese from surface water by MeOx: Side effect of ammonium presence on manganese removal
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Manganese and ammonium pollution in surface water sources has become a serious issue.In this study, a pilot-scale filtration system was used to investigate the effect of ammonium on manganese removal during the simultaneous removal of ammonium and manganese from surface water using a manganese co-oxide filter film(MeO_x ). The results showed that the manganese removal efficiency of MeO_x in the absence of ammonium was high and stable, and the removal efficiency could reach 70% even at 5.5 °C. When the influent ammonium concentration was lower than 0.7 mg/L, ammonium and manganese could be removed simultaneously. However, at an ammonium concentration of 1.5 mg/L, the manganese removal efficiency of the filter gradually decreased with time(from 96% to 46.20%). Nevertheless, there was no impact of manganese on ammonium removal. The mechanism by which ammonium negatively affected manganese removal was investigated, demonstrating that ammonium affected manganese removal mainly through two possible mechanisms. On one hand, the decreased p H caused by ammonium oxidation was unfavorable for the oxidation of manganese by MeO_x ; on the other hand, the presence of ammonium slowed the growth of new MeO_x and retarded the increase in the specific surface area of the Me Ox-coated sand, and induced changes in the morphology and crystal structure of Me Ox. Consequently, the manganese removal efficiency of the filter decreased when ammonium was present in the inlet water. 相似文献