Reference values for acetyl and butyrylcholinesterases in cattle under actual management conditions,hepatic and renal function by application of chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos is an anticholinesterase organophosphate insecticide widely used in Argentina in the production of food derived from animal, fruit and horticultural origin and is reported as a residue within these products. Local reference values for acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase were determined in Aberdeen Angus bovine and cross bred cattle (n = 25), a requirement to be able to evaluate toxicity of commercial organophosphate and carbamate formulations. The activity of cholinesterase enzymes presented an overall mean of 2,183.00 ± 485.6 IU L^?1 for erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and 203.1 ± 42.06 IU L^?1 for plasma butyrylcholinesterase, which are used as reference values for meat steers within a system of intensive production in a semi-arid region. The toxic potential of chlorpyrifos in steers of the same breeds (n = 12) was assessed applying chlorpyrifos 15.00% Tipertox® in a single therapeutic dose of 7.50 mg kg^?1 by topical route. Prior to application and then on day 1 and day 21 post-application, both blood cholinesterases, serum chlorpyrifos concentration by ultra-high resolution liquid chromatography with mass detector, analysis of blood counts, total proteins, liver enzymes, urea and creatinine were evaluated. The mean plasma concentration of chlorpyrifos was 27.90 ug L^?1 at 24 h. The findings indicate that the therapeutic treatment of castrated male bovines treated with chlorpyrifos, applied by pour-on according to the manufacturer's instructions, does not cause changes in the variables evaluated.     

地表水超痕量苯并(a)芘的检测及空白干扰消除

采用液液萃取-超高效液相色谱仪接荧光检测器测定地表水中超痕量的苯并(a)芘,并对方法空白的干扰因素进行探讨。研究发现,该法的空白干扰主要来自于溶剂二氯甲烷,溶剂经蒸馏提纯后可消除干扰。以重新蒸馏提纯的二氯甲烷为提取剂,方法的检测限为0.05 ng/L,加标回收率为87.4%~132%,且空白测定值低于方法检出限,可满足地表水中超痕量苯并(a)芘检测的需求。