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直接进样-热脱附-GC-MS快速测定大气细颗粒物中有机示踪物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了直接进样-热脱附-GC-MS快速测定细颗粒物中甾烷类和藿烷类有机示踪物的方法。经实验条件优化,13种目标化合物的线性回归方程的相关系数均在0.990以上,空白加标回收率为81.4%~102.3%,实际样品加标回收率为79.1%~112.9%,相对标准偏差小于13.2%。当采样体积为24 m~3时,各目标化合物的检出限为0.008~0.084 ng/m~3,方法灵敏度高。利用该方法测定了北京城区采暖季和非采暖季PM2.5实际样品,结果表明:各目标物均有检出,且采暖季的甾烷类和藿烷类化合物的总量均明显高于非采暖季。该方法无需复杂的前处理和有机溶剂,操作简便快捷,在颗粒物中非极性化合物的快速检测方面具有很大的应用价值。 相似文献
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为更好地理解我国中小城市地区大气细颗粒物的污染特征,利用大流量采样器采集了浙江中部典型内陆城市-兰溪市近郊和市区两个站点2016年四个季节的PM_(2.5)样品,测定了碳质气溶胶的含量,利用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)分析了正构烷烃、藿烷、多环芳烃和长链脂肪酸等弱极性有机物的组成.结果表明,兰溪PM_(2.5)中有机碳的年均浓度为9.7μg·m~(-3),有机物中正构烷烃、藿烷、多环芳烃和脂肪酸的年均浓度分别为40.8、2.0、21.0和168 ng·m~(-3).同系物分布特征表明,化石燃料燃烧是兰溪PM_(2.5)中正构烷烃的主要来源,但植物蜡也有重要贡献;藿烷的组成及其季节变化显示兰溪PM_(2.5)中的藿烷主要来源于机动车排放,但冬季存在明显的燃煤贡献;基于BeP/(BeP+BaP)、IcdP/(IcdP+Bg P)等特征比值分析,兰溪PM_(2.5)中的多环芳烃主要来源于机动车尾气和煤炭/生物质燃烧的混合贡献,冬季燃煤贡献较高;兰溪夏季多环芳烃的老化程度较低,表明兰溪夏季PM_(2.5)以本地排放新鲜颗粒为主,外来输送的影响较小;脂肪酸的浓度和组成说明餐饮排放对市区PM_(2.5)的影响较大.研究结果为大气PM_(2.5)的来源解析提供了重要的基础信息. 相似文献
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广州大气气溶胶总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)中的有机示踪化合物 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了解广州市气溶胶中有机示踪化合物的分布特征,采用N,O-双(三甲基硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)衍生化预处理技术和GC/MS分析技术,于2002—2003年对广州市大气气溶胶中的有机示踪化合物进行了定性和定量分析.结果表明,脱水糖类、β-谷甾醇、脱氢松香酸主要来源于生物质燃烧;葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、海藻糖等主要来源于土壤的再悬浮;藿烷类、甾烷类化合物主要来源于化石燃料的燃烧;胆甾醇可以作为肉类烹饪等餐饮源的有机示踪物.广州市大气中所检测到的所有糖类化合物与植物蜡的浓度比值春、秋两季较高,这可能与春天是植物叶片扩张和耕耘播种的季节、秋天是果实成熟和农作物收割的季节有关. 相似文献
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Chemical Compositions and Sources of Organic Matter in Fine Particles of Soils and Sands from the Vicinity of Kuwait City 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fine particles in the atmosphere from soil and sand resuspension contain a variety of organic compounds from natural biogenic and anthropogenic matter. Soil and sand samples from various sites near Kuwait city were collected, sieved to retain the fine particles, and extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol. The extracts were derivatized and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in order to characterize the chemical compositions and sources of the organic components. The major inputs of organic compounds were from both natural biogenic and anthropogenic sources in these samples. Vegetation was the major natural source of organic compounds and included n-alkanols, n-alkanoic acids, n-alkanes, sterols and triterpenoids. Saccharides had high concentrations (31–43%) in the sand dune and seafront samples, indicating sources from decomposed vegation materials and/or the presence of viable microbiota such as bacteria and fungi. Vehicular emission products, leakage of lubricating oils, discarded plastics and emissions from cooking operations were the major anthropogenic inputs in the samples from the urban areas. This input was mainly UCM, n-alkanes, hopanes, plasticizers and cholesterol, respectively. 相似文献
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