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HACHDR/2500分光光度法测定水样中总磷的可行性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
文章运用HACHDR/2500分光光度计,对HACH法测定水样中总磷的检出限、精密度、回收率等一系列实验室质量要求进行了测定。并在此基础上,对多个断面的地表水和不同行业工业废水水体的实际样品进行了HACH法与国家标准钼酸铵分光光度法比对实验,从而证明HACHDR/2500分光光度法与国家标准方法无显著性差异。  相似文献   
2.
氨氮测定过程中有关问题的探讨   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
苏爱梅  王俊荣 《干旱环境监测》2003,17(2):123-124,F004
针对纳氏比色法测定氨氮过程中存在的问题,提出了相应的解决办法。消除了混浊和泡沫干扰问题,降低了空白吸光度,提高了测定的准确度。  相似文献   
3.
This paper presents an effective decision making system for leak detection based on multiple generalized linear models and clustering techniques. The training data for the proposed decision system is obtained by setting up an experimental pipeline fully operational distribution system. The system is also equipped with data logging for three variables; namely, inlet pressure, outlet pressure, and outlet flow. The experimental setup is designed such that multi-operational conditions of the distribution system, including multi pressure and multi flow can be obtained. We then statistically tested and showed that pressure and flow variables can be used as signature of leak under the designed multi-operational conditions. It is then shown that the detection of leakages based on the training and testing of the proposed multi model decision system with pre data clustering, under multi operational conditions produces better recognition rates in comparison to the training based on the single model approach. This decision system is then equipped with the estimation of confidence limits and a method is proposed for using these confidence limits for obtaining more robust leakage recognition results.  相似文献   
4.
从具体的一起溢油事件中取样,获得岸滩溢油A和来自两个油田的原油样B, C, D.将溢油样(A)和三个嫌疑源样品(B,C,D)借助色质联用仪进行检测,选用m/z57和m/z191两组特征离子群做标志物的诊断处理,比对三组置信区间的散点分布情况, A-B与A-C在98%的置信度水平有较宽的误差阈,A-D置信度水平为95%,误差阈较窄.检验出了嫌疑源原油样品D是鉴定评价的目标,和溢油样A匹配最佳.这与实验室间的同步检验的结果是一致的,通过对油样分析的例证,本文从试验的匹配结果阐明t检验在鉴定中的可靠性.t检验在与其他系统的分析结果校核时,体现出统计方法的独特功能.在标志物的项目空间扩大和溢油样本空间不断丰富的基础上,t检验更具有实用性,可以反映出更深层次的信息,从而有助于后期法证环节达到系统化.  相似文献   
5.
为合理评估污染场地修复验收结果,运用2种统计学方法——平行样t检验和UCL(置信上限)评估方法,对修复案例场地土壤样品的检测结果进行评估.结果表明:采用传统的逐一对比方法,有8个采样点的w(As)和1个采样点的w(Hg)超过修复目标;平行样t检验法显示,这9个超标采样点中,S48采样点w(As)和S1采样点w(Hg)略微超过修复目标,是由采样与实验室误差引起,可视为已经达到修复效果;95%UCL评估方法结果则显示,w(As)和w(Hg)的95%UCL分别为23.81和5.83mgkg,均小于对应的修复目标值,只有S26采样点w(As)大于修复目标值的2倍,可判定该场地土壤中除S26采样点w(As)外,其他均已达标.研究说明:①运用适当的统计分析方法对修复效果进行评估,可节省不必要的修复成本;②传统的逐一对比方法适用于修复场地面积较小、采样数量有限的情况,平行样t检验则可剔除采样过程或实验室分析误差导致的超标值的影响;③95%UCL评估方法可从整体上判断场地修复效果,适合于修复面积较大、采样数量相对较多的情况,应用时注意95%UCL应小于修复目标值,污染物含量的最高检测值应不超过修复目标的2倍且不出现局部连续超标区域.  相似文献   
6.
空气中总悬浮颗粒物的三种测定方法比较   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文采用大流量采样、β-射线衰减测尘仪与TEOM测尘仪分析测定空气中的总悬浮颗粒物,对比实验结果表明:TEOM法与经典大流量测定方法、β-射线衰减法测量结果均具有可比性。  相似文献   
7.
贵州省境内乌江干流水质现状分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据贵州省环境监测部门资料显示乌江已成为贵州省水污染程度最为严重的流域,突出的问题是总磷、氟化物超标。本文用最小二乘法模型和t检验方法对贵州省境内乌江干流2006—2013年水质状况进行分析,结果表明乌江干流总磷、氨氮、氟化物,高锰盐指数浓度变化趋式为"无趋势",乌江干流水质稳定,并提出流域污染防治的对策和建议。  相似文献   
8.
ABSTRACT: A major concern in managing water resources is whether or not water quality variables have changed over time or space. The two-sample Student's t-test is probably the most commonly used statistical test for this purpose. Given that the underlying assumptions of the test may often be violated by water quality variables, a major concern regarding applicability of the test arises. This paper reviews and synthesizes available information in order to examine the effects of non-normality, unequal variances, serial dependence, and seasonality on the performance of the two-sample t-test. The results suggest the t-test is robust for non-normal distributions if the distributions have the same shape (either symmetric or skewed) and sample sizes are equal. The t-test is also robust for unequal variances if the sample sizes are equal. The t-test appears not to be robust when: 1) samples come from two distributions of different shape, 2) samples have unequal variances and unequal sample sizes, 3) serial dependence in observations is present, or 4) seasonal changes, in concentration are present and not removed.  相似文献   
9.
Naphthenic acids are complex mixtures of alkyl-substituted acyclic and cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids, with the general chemical formula CnH2n+zO2, where n is the carbon number and Z specifies a homologous family. These acids have a variety of commercial uses, including being used as wood preservatives. They are found in conventional and heavy oils, and in the oil sands of northeastern Alberta, Canada. Naphthenic acids are major contributors to the toxicity of tailings waters that result from the oil sands extraction process. Eight naphthenic acids preparations (four from commercial sources and four from the oil sands operations) were derivatized and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The composition of each mixture was summarized as a three-dimensional plot of the abundance of specific ions (corresponding to naphthenic acids) versus carbon number (ranging from 5 to 33) and Z family (ranging from 0 to −12). The data in these plots were divided into three groups according to carbon number (group 1 contained carbon numbers 5–14, group 2 contained carbon numbers 15–21, and group 3 contained carbon numbers 22–33). A t-test, using arcsine-transformed data, was applied to compare corresponding groups in samples from various sources. Results of the statistical analyses showed differences between various commercial naphthenic acids preparations, and between naphthenic acids from different oil sands ores and tailings ponds. This statistical approach can be applied to data collected by other mass spectrometry methods.  相似文献   
10.
动态贴近度法在徒骇河干流水质监测点优化中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据2010—2012年的COD、BOD5、NH3-N、TP和Cr6+的例行监测数据,采用动态贴近度法,对徒骇河干流13个监测点进行优化。分别计算丰水期、平水期和枯水期的最优点和最劣点的距离,从而计算出最优贴近度值。利用t检验和F检验对优化结果进行准确度和精确度检验,结果表明,优化后的8个监测点的监测数据可以代表整个干流的水质状况。  相似文献   
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