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排序方式: 共有167条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
长江河口近岸水体自然净化作用及其初步评价 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
按照水体的净化机理,结合长江口和上海滨岸带近岸水体的物理、化学和生物等因素的实际特征,对近岸水体的自然净化作用进行了阐述和分析。并在历史资料和实测资料基础上,就近岸水体的自然净化作用进行了评价。评价结果表明,因长江河口近岸水体存在较强的自然净化作用机制,近岸水体体的自然净化能力较强,环境容量较大,但由于污染物输入量的不断增加,部分岸段近岸水体的环境质量有逐渐下降的趋势;近岸水体的自然净化作用具有明显的季节性变化,长江口南岸水域洪水季节水体的自然净化作用比估水季节强,而杭州湾北岸水域的自然净化作用表现为相反的变化趋势,因此建议在近岸污水排放过程中应考虑近岸水体的净化能力,遵循水体的自然净化作用规律。 相似文献
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Tânia Vieira Madureira Cláudia Santos Susana Velhote Catarina Cruzeiro Eduardo Rocha Maria João Rocha 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(2):1528-1540
A newly analytical method based on QuEChERS extraction followed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was developed and validated for the quantification of 18 PCBs in wild (from Matosinhos Beach, Portugal) and cultivated (from Ria de Arousa, Spain) mussel samples, pooled by sex. Wild animals showed higher PCB levels than cultivated mussels, with males from both origins, presenting an upper contamination profile comparing with females. This fact seems to be correlated with few biometric parameters, but other interdependencies, not addressed herein, such as distinct lipid contents between sexes, as a consequence of the gametogenic stage, may also explain this data. Overall, data reiterate the importance of investigating the presence of PCBs in marine biological samples, which can act both as bioindicators of environmental contamination, either as food quality controls for human health. 相似文献
4.
Algarve Thaís Doeler Assmann Charles Elias Cadoná Francine Carla Machado Alencar Kolinski Manica-Cattani Maria Fernanda Sato-Miyata Yukiko Asano Tsunaki Duarte Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura Ribeiro Euler Esteves Aigaki Toshiro da Cruz Ivana Beatrice Mânica 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(15):15069-15083
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Methylmercury (MeHg) is a well-known environmental pollutant associated with neurological and developmental deficits in animals and humans. However,... 相似文献
5.
Costa EA Campos VP da Silva Filho LC Greven HA 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(2):1060-1068
In recent years, growing interest has focused on determining the performance of materials and evaluating the service life of structures exposed to various environmental forces. In this context, the determination of the aggressive potential of marine salts on mortars used as external renders is critical. The present study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of marine salts relative to distance from the sea. This was done by monitoring the deposition rate of chlorides and sulfates in wet candle sensors, located at nine stations scattered around the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil. The study also determined the effectiveness of water-soluble salts at penetrating three different types of mortars of varying cement content via deposition and diffusion. The methodology employed enabled an evaluation of the efficiency of the monitoring sensors' measurement of the aggressiveness potential of local marine aerosol, and determination of the comparative performance of the three mortars tested, from the standpoint of resistance to salt penetration. The type and amount of salts captured both in solution and in powder samples extracted from the mortars were determined by ion chromatography. The analysis of the various types of mortars tested indicated which types are more resistant to the aggressive potential of the region's marine aerosol and the distance from the shore where local buildings are liable to be most strongly affected. 相似文献
6.
Costa Elizângela Pinheiro Starling Maria Clara Vieira Martins Amorim Camila C. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):24092-24111
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work presents a bibliographic review of the literature regarding the simultaneous removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and... 相似文献
7.
Vicente Estela Domingos Alves Célia A. Martins Vânia Almeida Susana Marta Lazaridis Mihalis 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):65385-65398
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Residential settings are of utmost importance for human exposure, as it is where people spend most of their time. Residential wood combustion is a... 相似文献
8.
Philippe Louâpre Stéphanie Llopis Véronique Martel Joan van Baaren 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2014,101(11):875-882
In many insect species, sperm-depleted males (SDMs, i.e. males that have exhausted their sperm after a given number of matings) remain sexually active and continue to mate females. Here, we investigated the behavioural modifications that occur in both sexes of the parasitoid Asobara tabida Nees (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), after matings by fertile males and sperm-depleted males. We show that (i) virgin females, mated females and females mated to a SDM exhibited different behaviours and that (ii) males responded differently to females depending on whether the females had previously mated with an SDM or not. Our findings demonstrate that SDM influenced the reproductive behaviour of both males and females, especially with regard to male responsiveness and female attractiveness. These findings are discussed in the context of adaptive behaviour and fitness maximization in both males and females. 相似文献
9.
Bruno Nunes Fátima Brandão Tânia Sérgio Sara Rodrigues Fernando Gonçalves Alberto Teodorico Correia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(12):7501-7511
Flatfish species, such as the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), are common targets for toxic effects, since they are exposed through the food chain (ingestion of contaminated preys) and are in direct contact with the waterborne contaminant and sediments. Furthermore, these fish species live in close proximity to interstitial water that frequently dissolves high amounts of contaminants, including metals. Despite this significant set of characteristics, the present knowledge concerning flatfish contamination and toxicity by metals is still scarce. To attain the objective of assessing the effects of metals on a flatfish species, S. maximus specimens were chronically exposed to lead, copper and zinc, at ecologically relevant concentrations, and biochemical (oxidative stress: catalase and glutathione S-transferases activities, and lipid peroxidation; neurotoxicity: cholinesterase activity) parameters were assessed on selected tissues (gills and liver). Copper had no significant effects on all tested parameters; lead was causative of significant increases in liver GSTs activities and also in lipoperoxidation of gill tissue; exposure to zinc caused a significant increase in catalase activity of gill tissue. None of the tested metals elicited noteworthy effects in terms of neurotoxicity. The obtained results showed that only the metal lead is of some environmental importance, since it was able to cause deleterious modifications of oxidative nature at relevant concentrations. 相似文献
10.
Ouafa Benzina Dalel Daâssi Héla Zouari-Mechichi Fakher Frikha Steve Woodward Lassaad Belbahri Susana Rodriguez-Couto Tahar Mechichi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(8):5177-5187
The aim of this work was to determine the optimal conditions for the decolorization and the detoxification of two effluents from a textile industry—effluent A (the reactive dye bath Bezactive) and effluent B (the direct dye bath Tubantin)—using a laccase mediator system. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize textile effluents decolorization. A Box–Behnken design using RSM with the four variables pH, effluent concentration, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) concentration, and enzyme (laccase) concentration was used to determine correlations between the effects of these variables on the decolorization of the two effluents. The optimum conditions for pH and concentrations of HBT, effluent and laccase were 5, 1 mM, 50 % and 0.6 U/ml, respectively, for maximum decolorization of effluent A (68 %). For effluent B, optima were 4, 1 mM, 75 %, and 0.6 U/ml, respectively, for maximum decolorization of approximately 88 %. Both effluents were treated at 30 °C for 20 h. A quadratic model was obtained for each decolorization through this design. The experimental and predicted values were in good agreement and both models were highly significant. In addition, the toxicity of the two effluents was determined before and after laccase treatment using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus cereus, and germination of tomato seeds. 相似文献