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Baptiste Martinet Simon Dellicour Guillaume Ghisbain Kimberly Przybyla Ella Zambra Thomas Lecocq Mira Boustani Ruslan Baghirov Denis Michez Pierre Rasmont 《Conservation biology》2021,35(5):1507-1518
Climate plays a key role in shaping population trends and determining the geographic distribution of species because of limits in species’ thermal tolerance. An evaluation of species tolerance to temperature change can therefore help predict their potential spatial shifts and population trends triggered by ongoing global warming. We assessed inter- and intraspecific variations in heat resistance in relation to body mass, local mean temperatures, and evolutionary relationships in 39 bumblebee species, a major group of pollinators in temperate and cold ecosystems, across 3 continents, 6 biomes, and 20 regions (2386 male specimens). Based on experimental bioassays, we measured the time before heat stupor of bumblebee males at a heatwave temperature of 40 °C. Interspecific variability was significant, in contrast to interpopulational variability, which was consistent with heat resistance being a species-specific trait. Moreover, cold-adapted species are much more sensitive to heat stress than temperate and Mediterranean species. Relative to their sensitivity to extreme temperatures, our results help explain recent population declines and range shifts in bumblebees following climate change. 相似文献
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Enri Damanhuri I. Made Wahyu Ruslan Ramang Tri Padmi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(3):270-276
This article covers partial results for research which was carried out to determine the effectiveness of municipal solid waste
(MSW) recycling in Bandung metropolitan urban areas. It focuses on the results of waste flow analysis as basic information
in developing better MSW management systems, especially in applying the reduce, reuse, recycle (3Rs) concept. The dependence
upon final disposal sites in MSW management and the difficulties in finding disposal sites have resulted in interest in the
3Rs concept. In this research, the determination of waste compositions and the potential of recycling were evaluated based
on data from interviews with householders, members of the nonhousehold sector, and recycling actors and on measurement. The
informal sector activities observed were mainly from handcart crews, mobile scavengers, transfer point scavengers, final disposal
scavengers, waste traders, and recycling business people at several locations in Bandung and Cimahi cities. The estimated
waste recycling and composting by stakeholders has not yet achieved 10% (wet weight) of the total waste generated. As in other
major cities in developing countries, the informal sectors hold an important role in the recovery of usable materials from
waste. However, inorganic waste recycling activities from this sector have not even reached 8% (wet weight) of the total waste
generated. 相似文献
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The effect of pre-treatment of dewatered sludge using different nitrite concentrations and pH for microbial fuel cell (MFC) application was investigated. The results show that the addition of nitrite was feasible to increase the solubilization rate of the sludge and may reduce mass transfer limitation at the anode. This helped the MFC to reach higher voltage and to generate more power. The higher free nitrous acid (FNA) concentration under the acidic condition helped to increase sludge solubilization. However, under an alkaline condition, during which the FNA concentration was relatively low, the solubilization of the sludge was higher. The highest voltage and power density produced was 390?mV and 153?mW/m2, respectively, with the addition of nitrite at 100?mg-N/L and pH?9. Furthermore, it was found that elevated levels of FNA could inhibit electrogenic bacteria thus reducing power generation. 相似文献
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Caroline Moussy Ian J. Burfield P. J. Stephenson Arabella F. E. Newton Stuart H. M. Butchart William J. Sutherland Richard D. Gregory Louise McRae Philip Bubb Ignacio Roesler Cynthia Ursino Yanqing Wu Ernst F. Retief Jihad S. Udin Ruslan Urazaliyev Lina M. Sánchez-Clavijo Eric Lartey Paul F. Donald 《Conservation biology》2022,36(1):e13721
Species monitoring, defined here as the repeated, systematic collection of data to detect long-term changes in the populations of wild species, is a vital component of conservation practice and policy. We created a database of nearly 1200 schemes, ranging in start date from 1800 to 2018, to review spatial, temporal, taxonomic, and methodological patterns in global species monitoring. We identified monitoring schemes through standardized web searches, an online survey of stakeholders, in-depth national searches in a sample of countries, and a review of global biodiversity databases. We estimated the total global number of monitoring schemes operating at 3300–15,000. Since 2000, there has been a sharp increase in the number of new schemes being initiated in lower- and middle-income countries and in megadiverse countries, but a decrease in high-income countries. The total number of monitoring schemes in a country and its per capita gross domestic product were strongly, positively correlated. Schemes that were active in 2018 had been running for an average of 21 years in high-income countries, compared with 13 years in middle-income countries and 10 years in low-income countries. In high-income countries, over one-half of monitoring schemes received government funding, but this was less than one-quarter in low-income countries. Data collection was undertaken partly or wholly by volunteers in 37% of schemes, and such schemes covered significantly more sites and species than those undertaken by professionals alone. Birds were by far the most widely monitored taxonomic group, accounting for around half of all schemes, but this bias declined over time. Monitoring in most taxonomic groups remains sparse and uncoordinated, and most of the data generated are elusive and unlikely to feed into wider biodiversity conservation processes. These shortcomings could be addressed by, for example, creating an open global meta-database of biodiversity monitoring schemes and enhancing capacity for species monitoring in countries with high biodiversity. Article impact statement: Species population monitoring for conservation purposes remains strongly biased toward a few vertebrate taxa in wealthier countries. 相似文献
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Sukharev Sergii Mariychuk Ruslan Onysko Mykhajlo Sukhareva Oksana Delegan-Kokaiko Svitlana 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(3):1405-1411
Environmental Chemistry Letters - C1–C5 aldehydes are toxic substances formed by chemical transformation of organic compounds into the atmosphere. Actual methods used to analyze aldehydes in... 相似文献
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Rice farming sustainability assessment in Bangladesh 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Farming sustainability is primordial to long-term socioeconomic development. This study assesses rice farming sustainability in Bangladesh by developing a composite indicator (CI) under the four pillars of sustainability and examines the main determining factors. The assemblage of top-down and bottom-up approaches were applied to generate an essential set of indicators and data were collected through a household survey from 15 villages of three major rice growing ecosystems. The results revealed that less than half of the rice growers were sustainable in terms of economical viability, ecological benefits, and quality of life. By category, Boro rice farming was found to be the most sustainable, followed by Aman and Aus rice farming. Human capital development, increasing land productivity, use of resource conserving practices and technologies, and information availability and accessibility were the main factors promoting rice farming sustainability. The findings indicated that the construction of CI by employing several methodologies such as normalisation provide straightforward and clear-cut policy inputs. The major policy implications that emerged from the findings of the study are outlined to actualise rice farming sustainability, which contributes to sustainable development in Bangladesh. 相似文献
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Ahmad Fudholi B. Bakhtyar Habibis Saleh Mohd Hafidz Ruslan Mohd Yusof Othman Kamaruzzaman Sopian 《International Journal of Green Energy》2016,13(11):1135-1144
This study investigated the thin-layer drying kinetics of salted silver jewfish in a hybrid solar drying system and under open sun. Ten drying models were compared with experimental data of salted silver jewfish drying. A new model was introduced, which is an offset linear logarithmic (offset modified Page model). The fit quality of the models was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and sum of squared absolute error (SSAE). The result showed that Midilli et al. model and new model were comparable with two or three-term exponential drying models. This study also analyzed energy and exergy during solar drying of salted silver jewfish. Energy analysis throughout the solar drying process was estimated on the basis of the first law of thermodynamics, whereas exergy analysis during solar drying was determined on the basis of the second law of thermodynamics. At an average solar radiation of 540 W/m2 and a mass flow rate of 0.0778 kg/sec, the collector efficiency and drying system efficiency were about 41% and 23%, respectively. Specific energy consumption was 2.92 kWh/kg. Moreover, the exergy efficiency during solar drying process ranged from 17% to 44%, with an average value of 31%. The values of improvement potential varied between 106 and 436 W, with an average of 236 W. 相似文献
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