Cadmium and mercury accumulation in European hare (Lepus europaeus): age-dependent relationships in renal and hepatic tissue

A total of 63 European hares have been collected from five Serbian agricultural regions. The hares assayed were divided into four age groups (3–6 months, 12 months, 12–24 months, and 24–36 months) and investigated upon presence at cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) in the kidney and liver. The positive significant correlation (Ps—Pearson’s coefficient) between Cd concentrations in the kidney and liver within age group the 3–6 months was found (Ps?=?0.81, p?p?p?>?0.05). Statistically significant differences were registered between Hg content in the liver of the hares aged 24–36 and 12 months (p?p?>?0.05). The strong statistically significant associations were registered between Cd and Hg content in the liver (Cd L/Hg L) in the age group 3–6 and 12–24 months (Cd L/Hg L, Ps?=?0.94; p?Ps?=?0.91; p?相似文献   

The Effect of Extraction Conditions on the Chemical Characteristics of Pectin from Opuntia ficus indica Cladode Flour

Pectin from the cladode flour of Opuntia ficus indica was extracted at different ethylenediaminetetraacetate concentrations (10 or 20 %), temperatures (40 or 80 °C), pH values (2 or 11), and times (10, 20, 30 40, 50 or 60 min). The effects of the extraction conditions on the yield, purity, and chemical composition of pectin were assessed. The highest pectin yield was observed for pectin obtained under alkaline conditions and 20 % of EDTA. However, pectin produced from alkaline extractions had a lower content of GalA than pectin produced from acid extractions. Higher temperatures favored the extraction of pectin under acid conditions, but these conditions diminished the arabinose content of pectins in a time-dependent manner. The tested extraction conditions caused only slight changes in the molecular weight of the extracted pectin as a function of time.