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This study assessed the relationship among land use, riparian vegetation, and avian populations at two spatial scales. Our
objective was to compare the vegetated habitat in riparian corridors with breeding bird guilds in eight Rhode Island subwatersheds
along a range of increasing residential land use. Riparian habitats were characterized with fine-scale techniques (used field
transects to measure riparian vegetation structure and plant species richness) at the reach spatial scale, and with coarse-scale
landscape techniques (a Geographic Information System to document land-cover attributes) at the subwatershed scale. Bird surveys
were conducted in the riparian zone, and the observed bird species were separated into guilds based on tolerance to human
disturbance, habitat preference, foraging type, and diet preference. Bird guilds were correlated with riparian vegetation
metrics, percent impervious surface, and percent residential land use, revealing patterns of breeding bird distribution. The
number of intolerant species predominated below 12% residential development and 3% impervious surface, whereas tolerant species
predominated above these levels. Habitat guilds of edge, forest, and wetland bird species correlated with riparian vegetation.
This study showed that the application of avian guilds at both stream reach and subwatershed scales offers a comprehensive
assessment of effects from disturbed habitat, but that the subwatershed scale is a more efficient method of evaluation for
environmental management. 相似文献
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