排序方式: 共有5条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1
1.
N’Guessan Louis Berenger Kouassi Albert Trokourey Metongo Bernard Soro 《Environmental Forensics》2015,16(1):96-108
Metal (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, and Fe) contamination in sediments from a tropical estuary (Ébrié Lagoon, Ivory Coast) was assessed using pollution indices, multivariate analyses and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs). The results demonstrate that increased input of the studied metals occurred over the past 6 years compared to that from 20 years ago, due to rapid population growth, along with the increase of industrial and agricultural activities in the vicinity of the estuary. Ébrié Lagoon was also found to be one of the most contaminated tropical coastal estuaries. Very high average total organic carbon (TOC) content was found (1.9–3.70%) with significant spatial variation as a result of the influence of anthropogenic activities. This study also found that TOC plays an important role in the distribution of Cu, Zn, Co, and Cd in the Ébrié Lagoon sediments. Moderate to high sediment contamination was observed for Cd and Cu, moderate contamination was observed for Zn and Pb, while low contamination was observed for Ni, Co, and Fe. Cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) investigation revealed that Cu, Zn, Cd, and Co result mainly from anthropogenic sources while Pb, Ni, and Fe may be of natural origin. The pollution-loading index (PLI) indicated that all of the sites close to wastewater discharges were highly polluted. The sediments are likely to be an occasional threat to aquatic organisms due to Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Ni contents, based on the SQGs approach. 相似文献
2.
Sarah Beganskas Robert J. Ryan Evelyn Walters Manahel Soro Elizabeth Cushman Laura Toran 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2021,57(1):134-153
We coupled rainfall–runoff and instream water quality models to evaluate total suspended solids (TSS) in Wissahickon Creek, a mid‐sized urban stream near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Using stormwater runoff and instream field data, we calibrated the model at a subdaily scale and focused on storm responses. We demonstrate that treating event mean concentrations as a calibration parameter rather than a fixed input can substantially improve model performance. Urban stormwater TSS concentrations vary widely in time and space and are difficult to represent simply. Suspended and deposited sediment pose independent stressors to stream biota and model results suggest that both currently impair stream health in Wissahickon Creek. Retrofitting existing detention basins to prioritize infiltration reduced instream TSS loads by 20%, suggesting that infiltration mitigates sediment more effectively than detention. Infiltrating stormwater from 30% of the watershed reduced instream TSS loads by 47% and cut the frequency of TSS exceeding 100 mg/L by half. Settled loads and the frequency of high TSS values were reduced by a smaller fraction than suspended loads and duration at high TSS values. A widely distributed network of infiltration‐focused projects is an effective stormwater management strategy to mitigate sediment stress. Coupling rainfall–runoff and water quality models is an important way to integrate watershed‐wide impacts and evaluate how management directly affects urban stream health. 相似文献
3.
Dejan Dimkić Milan Dimkić Andjelko Soro Dusan Pavlović Goran Jevtić Vladimir Lukić Dragan Svrkota 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(25):20149-20159
Water scarcity, especially in the hydrologically critical part of the year, is a problem often present in many cities and regions, particularly in arid and sub-arid areas. Climate change and human water demand compound the problem. This paper discusses a climate change adaptation measure—the possibility of karst spring overexploitation, where there is a siphon-shaped cavity inside the mountain. The pilot area is near the city of Ni?, where a decreasing precipitation trend has already been observed and is expected to continue in the future. The paper also presents some basic information related to the pilot area and undertaken investigations. The project, successfully implemented in 2004, has provided the city of Ni? with an additional amount of 200 l/s of spring water during the most critical part of the year. 相似文献
4.
Antonella Soro Manfred Ayasse Marion U. Zobel Robert J. Paxton 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(4):641-653
The ability to discriminate degrees of relatedness may be expected to evolve if it allows unreciprocated altruism to be preferentially
directed towards kin (Hamilton in J Theor Biol 7:1–16, 1964). We explored the possibility of kin recognition in the primitively eusocial halictid bee Lasioglossum malachurum by investigating the reliability of worker odour cues that can be perceived by workers to act as indicators of either nest
membership or kinship. Cuticular and Dufour’s gland compounds varied significantly among colonies of L. malachurum, providing the potential for nestmate discrimination. A significant, though weak, negative correlation between chemical distance
and genetic relatedness (r = −0.055, p < 0.001) suggests a genetic component to variation in cuticular bouquet, but odour cues were not informative enough to discriminate
between different degrees of relatedness within nests. This pattern of variation was similar for Dufour’s gland bouquets.
The presence of unrelated individuals within nests that are not chemically different from their nestmates suggests that the
discrimination system of L. malachurum is prone to acceptance errors. Compounds produced by colony members are likely combined to generate a gestalt colony chemical
signature such that all nestmates have a similar smell. The correlation between odour cues and nest membership was greater
for perceived compounds than for non-perceived compounds, suggesting that variability in perceived compounds is a result of
positive selection for nestmate recognition despite potentially stabilising selection to reduce variability in odour differences
and thereby to reduce costs derived from excessive intracolony nepotistic behaviour. 相似文献
5.
Jeremy?FieldEmail author Robert?Paxton Antonella?Soro Paul?Craze Catherine?Bridge 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2012,66(5):743-756
Phenotypic plasticity may evolve when conditions vary temporally or spatially on a small enough scale. Plasticity is thought
to play a central role in the early stages of evolutionary transitions, including major transitions such as those between
non-sociality and sociality. The sweat bee Halictus rubicundus is of special interest in this respect, because it is socially plastic in the British Isles: Nests are social or non-social
depending on the environment. However, sociality comprises a complex suite of inter-related traits. To further investigate
social plasticity in H. rubicundus, we measured traits that are potentially integral to social phenotype at a northern site, where nests are non-social, and
a southern site where nests can be social. We found that foundresses at non-social sites were smaller, produced offspring
of a size more similar to themselves, initiated nesting later, and took longer to produce their first female offspring. They
began provisioning earlier in the day, finished earlier, and collected more pollen loads. Common garden experiments suggested
that these differences represent mainly plasticity, as expected for traits involved in the overall plastic social phenotype,
with only limited evidence for fixed genetic differences in foraging. Conditions during overwintering did not have major effects
on a foundress' subsequent behaviour. 相似文献
1