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1.
Wolfgang Cramer Uta Fritsch Rik Leemans Sabine Lütkemeier Dagmar Schröter Allan Watt 《Regional Environmental Change》2008,8(3):125-134
Biodiversity is essential for multiple aspects of human life and well-being, but many current assessments of the functioning
of biodiversity and ecosystems, understanding of risks posed by environmental change and the best practice of their management
of ecosystems are lacking a unified scientific and conceptual basis. Methods such as scenario analysis, and terms such as
ecosystem services, are widely used, but their meaning is understood in many different ways depending on context, user needs
and experience of researchers. In order to advance the conceptual basis for ecosystem analysis and management in a rapidly
changing world, as well as the ability of young scientists to reflect upon these concepts, we have organised five 2-week-long
summer schools in Peyresq, a remote village in the Southern French Alps. In total 173 participants have worked intensively
with 69 experienced researchers and a team of conveners and tutors in order to discuss a broad range of views on topics on
ecosystem analysis and functioning. Topics ranged from conditions of and threats to various ecosystems due to environmental
change, models and scenarios for assessment, stakeholder perceptions and needs for information, to the social and economic
contexts for biodiversity. We report our experience from these schools, present the training concept which has emerged from
them and suggest lines of further development.
相似文献
Wolfgang CramerEmail: |
2.
A stakeholder dialogue on European vulnerability 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Anne C. de la Vega-Leinert Dagmar Schröter Rik Leemans Uta Fritsch Jacomijn Pluimers 《Regional Environmental Change》2008,8(3):109-124
A stakeholder dialogue was embedded in the ATEAM project to facilitate the development and dissemination of its European-wide
vulnerability assessment of global change impacts. Participating stakeholders were primarily ecosystem managers and policy
advisers interested in potential impacts on ‘Agriculture’, ‘Forestry’, ‘Water’, ‘Carbon storage’, ‘Biodiversity’ and ‘Mountain
environments’ sectors. First, stakeholder dialogue approaches to integrated assessment are introduced. Methodological considerations
on stakeholder selection and dialogue implementation and evaluation follow. The dialogue content and process are evaluated
from the perspectives of stakeholders and scientists. Its usefulness in the research process and the relevance of outcomes
for stakeholders are particularly considered. The challenging compromises required to perform innovative research, which seeks
to achieve both peer scientific credibility and societal relevance, are emphasized. Effective stakeholder dialogues play a
substantial role in raising the visibility and meaningfulness of vulnerability assessments as critical means to improve awareness
on global change and its potential worrying impacts on society. They further provide scientists with critical information
on ecosystem management and sectoral adaptive capacity. These processes of mutual learning and knowledge exchange moreover
foster a better understanding of the potential and limits of global change modelling and vulnerability assessment for policy
and ecosystem management.
相似文献
Anne C. de la Vega-LeinertEmail: |
3.
Alexey O. Pristupa Maria Tysiachniouk Arthur P.J. Mol Rik Leemans Tatiana Minayeva Anastasia Markina 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2018,61(10):1674-1700
In the Russian Arctic, nature protection is important to preserve valuable ecosystems and indigenous lifestyles against the rapidly expanding oil and gas activities. In this regard, zoning legitimately balances influential stakeholders versus weak ones, and can leverage stakeholders to exercise their rights. This study explores how various stakeholders employ zoning in the Numto Nature Park in the oil-rich Russian Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra to advance their interests and how they use scientific information to achieve this. Through stakeholder interviews, analysis of electronic media and literature review, we conclude that a participatory and science-based zoning exercise stimulates the necessary deliberation. However, legal ambiguity, deficient law implementation and informal practices limit the zoning's potential to balance stakeholders’ interests. All the stakeholders calculatingly used scientific information to legitimize their own ambitions, activities and claims. Hence, zoning and the underlying information claims should be interpreted as both a resource and a battleground in nature-use conflicts. 相似文献
4.
Long Phi Hoang Robbert Biesbroek Van Pham Dang Tri Matti Kummu Michelle T. H. van Vliet Rik Leemans Pavel Kabat Fulco Ludwig 《Ambio》2018,47(6):635-649
Climate change and accelerating socioeconomic developments increasingly challenge flood-risk management in the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta—a typical large, economically dynamic and highly vulnerable delta. This study identifies and addresses the emerging challenges for flood-risk management. Furthermore, we identify and analyse response solutions, focusing on meaningful configurations of the individual solutions and how they can be tailored to specific challenges using expert surveys, content analysis techniques and statistical inferences. Our findings show that the challenges for flood-risk management are diverse, but critical challenges predominantly arise from the current governance and institutional settings. The top-three challenges include weak collaboration, conflicting management objectives and low responsiveness to new issues. We identified 114 reported solutions and developed six flood management strategies that are tailored to specific challenges. We conclude that the current technology-centric flood management approach is insufficient given the rapid socioecological changes. This approach therefore should be adapted towards a more balanced management configuration where technical and infrastructural measures are combined with institutional and governance resolutions. Insights from this study contribute to the emerging repertoire of contemporary flood management solutions, especially through their configurations and tailoring to specific challenges. 相似文献
5.
6.
Vulnerability and adaptation of European farmers: a multi-level analysis of yield and income responses to climate variability 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
Pytrik Reidsma Frank Ewert Alfons Oude Lansink Rik Leemans 《Regional Environmental Change》2009,9(1):25-40
Climate change will affect crop yields and consequently farmers’ income. The underlying relationships are not well understood,
particularly the importance of crop management and related factors at the farm and regional level. We analyze the impacts
of trends and variability in climatic conditions from 1990 to 2003 on trends and variability in yields of five crops and farmers’
income at farm type and regional level in Europe considering farm characteristics and other factors. While Mediterranean regions
are often characterized as most vulnerable to climate change, our data suggest effective adaptation to variable and changing
conditions in these regions largely attributable to the characteristic farm types in these regions. We conclude that for projections
of climate change impacts on agriculture, farm characteristics influencing management and adaptation should be considered,
as they largely influence the potential impacts. 相似文献
7.
A spatially explicit and quantitative vulnerability assessment of ecosystem service change in Europe 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
Marc J. Metzger Dagmar Schröter Rik Leemans Wolfgang Cramer 《Regional Environmental Change》2008,8(3):91-107
Environmental change alters ecosystem functioning and may put the provision of services to human at risk. This paper presents
a spatially explicit and quantitative assessment of the corresponding vulnerability for Europe, using a new framework designed
to answer multidisciplinary policy relevant questions about the vulnerability of the human-environment system to global change.
Scenarios were constructed for a range of possible changes in socio-economic trends, land uses and climate. These scenarios
were used as inputs in a range of ecosystem models in order to assess the response of ecosystem function as well as the changes
in the services they provide. The framework was used to relate the impacts of changing ecosystem service provision for four
sectors in relation to each other, and to combine them with a simple, but generic index for societal adaptive capacity. By
allowing analysis of different sectors, regions and development pathways, the vulnerability assessment provides a basis for
discussion between stakeholders and policymakers about sustainable management of Europe’s natural resources.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
相似文献
Marc J. MetzgerEmail: |
8.
R. Leemans 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1995,38(2-3):205-216
Because of the importance and complexity of the processes involved in the response of land cover and land use to changing environmental conditions, other approaches are required to evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation options. One such approach is provided by the global integrated assessment model, IMAGE 2. This article presents the structure and some of the underlying assumptions of IMAGE 2, which illustrates the importance of feedback processes in evaluating the effectiveness of mitigation options with respect to land use. Although models such as IMAGE 2 are unsuitable for local and national mitigation evaluations, they can be used to define the regional and global constraints of the smaller scale assessments. 相似文献
9.
Krol Maarten Alcamo Joseph Leemans Rik 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》1997,1(4):341-361
Among the key issues of concern to the Climate Convention is the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations and the minimization
of impacts to global agriculture, natural ecosystems and economic development. The purpose of this paper is to couple these
issues in consistent, integrated scenarios, using the IMAGE 2.0 model as an integrating tool. Scenarios of gradual stabilization
of atmospheric CO2 at 350 and 450 ppm are compared to a baseline of no policy action in which CO2 concentration increases to 777 ppm. Under the stabilizaton scenarios substantially smaller areas of wheat and millet, as
well as nature reserves, are threatened by climate change, especially in temperate regions. The amount of sea level rise is
also reduced under the stabilization scenarios. However, climate continues to change under the stabilization scenarios and
therefore some ‘residual’ climate impacts occur. Hence the integrated scenarios indicate that stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations
at or slightly above current levels will lessen impacts as compared to baseline levels, but not eliminate them.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Anh L. Nguyen Vinh H. Dang Roel H. Bosma Johan A. J. Verreth Rik Leemans Sena S. De Silva 《Ambio》2014,43(8):1059-1068
In Vietnam, culturing striped catfish makes an important contribution to the Mekong Delta’s economy. Water level rise during rainy season and salt intrusion during dry season affect the water exchange and quality for this culture. Sea level rise as a consequence of climate change will worsen these influences. In this study, water level rise and salt water intrusion for three sea level rise (SLR) scenarios (i.e., +30, +50, and +75 cm) were simulated. The results showed that at SLR +50, the 3-m-flood level would spread downstream and threaten farms located in AnGiang, DongThap and CanTho provinces. Rising salinity levels for SLR +75 would reduce the window appropriate for the culture in SocTrang and BenTre provinces, and in TienGiang’s coastal districts. Next to increasing dikes to reduce the impacts, the most tenable and least disruptive option to the farming community would be to shift to a salinity tolerant strain of catfish. 相似文献