排序方式: 共有17条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
2.
Katase T Okuda K Kim YS Eun H Takada H Uchiyama T Saito H Makino M Fujimoto Y 《Chemosphere》2008,70(11):1961-1972
Thirteen isomers of branched para-nonylphenols (para-NP) in three technical mixtures were isomer-specifically determined using their synthesized standards by SIM of structurally specific ions, m/z 135, 149 or 163 with GC–MS. Of the 13 isomers, four isomers, 4-(2,4-dimethylheptan-4-yl)phenol, 4-(4-methyloctan-4-yl)phenol, 4-(3-ethyl-2-methylhexan-2-yl)phenol (3E22NP) and 4-(2,3-dimethylheptan-2-yl)phenol synthesized for their determinations were first used as standard substances. The 13 isomers in the technical mixtures individually occurred at mass percent portion of more than 2%. The total mass percent portions in the mixtures from Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI), Aldrich, and Fluka covered with 89 ± 2%, 75 ± 4% and 77 ± 2%, respectively. The abundance of 4-(3,6-dimethylheptan-3-yl)phenol in the three mixtures was the largest with 11.1 ± 2% to 9.9 ± 0.3%, while that of 4-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)phenol was the smallest with 2.9 ± 0.3% to 3.0 ± 0.2%. Additionally, structures of four new isomers of more than 1% portion present in a technical mixture were elucidated as two pairs of diastereomeric isomers: two types of 4-(3,4-dimethylheptan-4-yl)phenol (344NP) and those of 4-(3,4-dimethylheptan-3-yl)phenol (343NP). By estrogenic assay of 13 isomers with yeast estrogen screen system, the activity of 3E22NP was the highest, while that of 4-(3-methyloctan-3-yl)phenol was the least. Their relative activities to that of 3E22NP were individually calculated. Estrogenic equivalent concentrations of the three technical mixtures were predictively evaluated. The ratio of the EEC to the conventional concentration, total mass percent portions of the 13 isomers in technical mixtures were 0.208 for TCI, 0.206 for Aldrich and 0.205 for Fluka. The predicted estrogenic activity of measured concentration of para-NP in technical mixtures was approximately 5-fold greater than the measured estrogen agonist activity. 相似文献
3.
Phan?Due?Thanh Keiji?WadaEmail author Michiko?Sato Yoshihisa?Shirayama 《Marine Biology》2005,147(5):1191-1199
Utilization of algae for decorating by the intertidal majid crab Tiarinia cornigera was examined by laboratory experiments in relation to availability of algae, presence of a predator, and the presence of
conspecific and heterospecific crabs. Different availabilities of decorating materials had a positive correlation on decorating
amount by juveniles, while the correlation was not so clear in subadults. The amount of decorating decreased with increasing
density of conspecific crabs in the presence of a predator, but there was so clear relationship in the absence of a predator.
The decrease in decorating under high density could be due to intraspecific aggression, because the superior crab, in fighting,
was found to be decorated with more algae. Tiarinia cornigera was found to be superior to the co-occurring different majid species Micippa platipes in fighting. When T. cornigera and M. platipes were housed together, the former was decorated with more algae than the latter in the presence of a predator, but in the
absence of a predator, the amount of algae was not different. Thus, presence of a predator may motivate intraspecific competition
in T. cornigera as well as interspecific competition between T. cornigera and M. platipes for decorating materials. 相似文献
4.
Masaaki Fukushima Misao Shioya Keiji Wakai Hidetoshi Ibe 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(1):11-18
Sapporo Plastics Recycling Co., Ltd., (SPR) started its commercial operation of waste plastics liquefaction in 2000. At first
only hydrocarbon oil was reclaimed, this being derived from the waste plastics liquefaction process under the Japanese Containers
and Packaging Recycling Law. Presently, thermal degradation residue and hydrochloric acid are being produced as by-products
in addition to the hydrocarbon oil. As a result, the SPR plastics liquefaction plant has achieved a high reclamation rate
of 96%, and 93% of the recycled products have been reused in Hokkaido, where SPR is located. The technical problems caused
by corrosion and clogging have been solved.
Chemical Feedstock Recycling & Other Innovative Recycling Techniques 6 相似文献
5.
Yoshihisa Kohno Hideyuki Matsumura Makoto Miwa Tetsushi Yonekura Keiji Aihara Chanin Umponstira Vo Thanh Le Nguyen Thuy Ngoc Phanm Hung Viet Ma Wei 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(3):2755-2765
We developed small and mobile open top chambers (mini-OTC) measuring 0.6 m (W)?×?0.6 m (D)?×?1.2 m (H) with an air duct of 0.6 m (W)?×?0.23 m (D)?×?1.2 m (H). The air duct can be filled with activated charcoal to blow charcoal filtered air (CF) into the chamber, as opposed to non-filtered ambient air (NF). Ozone sensitive radish Raphanus sativus cv. Red Chime and rosette pakchoi Brassica campestris var. rosularis cv. ATU171 were exposed to NF and CF in mini-OTCs at different locations in East Asia. A total of 29 exposure experiments were conducted at nine locations, Shanghai, China, Ha Noi, Vietnam, Lampang, Phitsanulok and Pathumtani, Thailand, and Hiratsuka, Kisai, Abiko and Akagi, Japan. Although no significant relationships between the mean concentrations of ambient O3 during the experimental period and the growth responses were observed for either species, multiple linear regression analysis suggested a good relationship between the biomass responses in each species and the O3 concentration, temperature, and relative humidity. The cumulative daily mean O3 (ppb/day) could be indirectly predicted by NF/CF based on the dry weight ratio of biomass, mean air temperature, and relative air humidity. 相似文献
6.
7.
Mono-, di- and trichlorophenol including different isomers were degraded by O3, O3 + UV and O3 + UV + Fe3+. Disappearance rates are nearly identical among three ozonations. Whereas TOC elimination was not completed by ozone alone. UV illumination accelerated TOC elimination rate and the addition of Fe3+ (O3 + UV + Fe3+) further accelerated it. TOC elimination rates among different chlorophenols were in the order of mono > di > tri. The effect of Fe3+ was largest on the degradation of trichlorophenol. Hydroxylated aromatics, organic acids, formaldehyde and acetone were detected as intermediates. 相似文献
8.
In this study, the characteristics of the long term discharge of a Terraced Paddy Field Catchment are studied. 2 Kind of Tank Models are proposed and used to simulate the discharge of the catchment. The characteristics of the model simulations of the discharge of the catchment are analyzed and compared with those of a forest catchment. 相似文献
9.
Study on dechlorination technology for municipal waste plastics containing polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene terephthalate 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Masaaki Fukushima Beili Wu Hidetoshi Ibe Keiji Wakai Eiichi Sugiyama Hironobu Abe Kiyohiko Kitagawa Shigenori Tsuruga Katsumi Shimura Eiichi Ono 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2010,12(2):108-122
It is necessary to remove chlorine efficiently from municipal waste plastics (MWP) that contain polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and
other plastics containing chlorine. In this article we consider thermal degradation liquefaction technology. In Japan, the
chlorine content of reclamation oil products must be kept below 100 ppm owing to the quality standard for pyrolysis oil. Liquefaction
dechlorination technology for MWP is still an important issue to study. The twin-screw extruder that has been developed as
dechlorination technology for blast furnaces and coke ovens has a shorter residence time for dechlorination than other dechlorination
technologies. In this article, we used a single-screw extruder for the dechlorination process because it also has a short
residence time. Experiments on the dechlorination process were carried out by using a single-screw extruder to assess its
dechlorination performance. Practical use of the single-screw was demonstrated by the operation of a commercial oil reclamation
plant operated by Sapporo Plastic Recycle Co., Ltd. (SPR). Moreover, an investigation of cascade recycling was carried out
in 2008 in which material recycle wastes were mixed with MWP and processed by chemical recycling (liquefaction). It was demonstrated
that cascade recycling is an efficient recycling combination and contributes to local feedstock recycling. However, it was
shown that MR wastes affect the quality of the reclamation oil when they make up more than 40% of the feed mix. If the quantity
of MR wastes is kept below 40%, the reclamation oil is able to meet the quality standard. The SPR plant can be operated safely
and in a stable manner. 相似文献
10.
Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a larval parasitoid of Helicoverpa/Heliothis spp. In the course of mass rearing of M. croceipes, we found that females oviposited in the conspecific adults in rearing cages. When 20 pairs of inexperienced females and
males or of experienced females and males were reared in a cage, the males lived for 14–15 days and the females for 18–20 days
on average. At their death, 37–42% of the males and 50–57% of the females contained conspecific eggs or first instar larvae
in their abdominal cavity. When two of inexperienced females met on a host-infested leaf of soybean, they attempted to sting
each other. Of the attacked females, 30% contained a conspecific egg laid in their abdomen. In abdominal cavity of the adults
parasitized by a conspecific female, the majority of the parasitoid eggs laid disappeared within 1 day after oviposition.
Only 10–30% of the parasitoid eggs laid in conspecific adults hatched 3–4 days after oviposition, but those larvae never molted
to second instar. When the adults were stung by one or two conspecific females, their subsequent longevity was significantly
shorter than that for the control adults. Oviposition in conspecific adults may be prevalent in other parasitic wasps that
quickly oviposit without intensive host examination, and have cuticle and size of abdomen to be stung by conspeicifcs. 相似文献