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Antonio Miralto Adrianna Ianora Isabella Buttino Giovanna Romano Mario Di Pinto 《Chemistry and Ecology》2002,18(1):117-125
Egg production, fecal pellet production and hatching success are reported for Acartia clausi females sampled during three cruises in February 1997, 1998 and June 1997 at 20-24 stations along 4 transects in the North Adriatic Sea. Dramatically low hatching rates were recorded during both diatom bloom events in February as opposed to much higher rates during post-bloom conditions in June, even though A. clausi productivity during the bloom was apparently high. These results are discussed in the light of recent findings on the negative impact of diatoms on copepod reproductive potential. 相似文献
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Adrianna P. Smyth Bruce K. Orr Robert C. Fleischer 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1993,32(2):79-84
Summary The frequency of intraspecific brood parasitism in two colonies of cliff swallows (Hirundo pyrrhonota) nesting in the eastern Sierra Nevada in California was assessed through an electrophoretic analysis of egg white (albumin) proteins. Albumin proteins are maternally derived and are presumed to directly reflect maternal genotype. Thus, a comparison of protein banding patterns produced by eggs collected from a single clutch allows any egg laid by a female other than the putative mother to be detected. Eggs were collected from 13 cliff swallow nests in 1984 and 41 nests in 1987, a total of 54 nests. Of the clutches collected in 1984, one showed evidence of intraspecific brood parasitism, giving a nest parasitism rate of 7.6%. In 1987, one of 41 nests contained a parasitic egg, for a parasitism rate of 2.4%. Over both years combined the rate of intraspecific brood parasitism was 2 of 54 nests, or 3.7%. These parasitism rates are much lower than those estimated for Nebraskan cliff swallows (22–43%) and 2nd-year purple martins (36%). Possible explanations for the discrepancy between parasitism rates in Sierran cliff swallows and other groups of swallows are discussed.Correspondence to: A.P. Smyth 相似文献
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Antonio Miralto Adrianna Ianora Isabella Buttino Giovanna Romano Mario Di Pinto 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(1-2):117-125
Egg production, fecal pellet production and hatching success are reported for Acartia clausi females sampled during three cruises in February 1997, 1998 and June 1997 at 20-24 stations along 4 transects in the North Adriatic Sea. Dramatically low hatching rates were recorded during both diatom bloom events in February as opposed to much higher rates during post-bloom conditions in June, even though A. clausi productivity during the bloom was apparently high. These results are discussed in the light of recent findings on the negative impact of diatoms on copepod reproductive potential. 相似文献
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Cinzia Brugnano Letterio Guglielmo Adrianna Ianora Giacomo Zagami 《Marine Biology》2009,156(3):331-340
The shallow-living, benthopelagic copepod species Pseudocyclops xiphophorus Wells (R Soc Edimburg 67:1967), collected over a yearly cycle from the fouling material in the brackish water Lake Faro (North-eastern
Sicily), showed marked seasonal fluctuations in population abundances, with maximum numbers recorded in autumn. Highest in
situ egg production rates coincided with periods of low adult and juvenile densities and vice versa, except in autumn when
peaks in egg production and adult population densities were coincident. In this period, mean daily egg production rates reached
a maximum of 4–5 eggs per female, when surface water temperature was 17–18°C. Egg production rates declined drastically in
winter and were completely arrested when surface temperatures dropped to 10–12°C. In March, daily egg production rates began
to increase again with an increase in ambient temperatures, reaching a maximum at the end of August. In the laboratory, as
in the field, mean daily egg production rates were positively correlated with temperature, with values ranging from 2.2 ± 0.3
(16°C) to 8.9 ± 2.6 (30°C) (mean ± S.D.) eggs per female per day. At 32°C, P. xiphophorus females survived but did not reproduce. At 34°C, all specimens died after a few days. In terms of total egg production for
the entire female lifespan, maximum values occurred at 16°C and minimum at 24°C. Temperature also dramatically affected female
life span, which was shorter at higher temperatures. Development time of eggs decreased with increasing temperature, as also
development time from egg to adulthood. Remating was necessary for the continued production of fertile eggs at 16°C because
female life span was longer. The unique egg-laying behaviour in this species may ensure higher survival rates of egg stages
compared to free-spawning and egg-carrying calanoid species. After releasing the egg pair, the female swims over the eggs
with a rotatory motion, secreting a substance which facilitates the adhesion of the eggs to the bottom; she then continues
to swim over the eggs until they are attached. Although egg production rates in this species are low compared to other pelagic
copepods, they are within the range of values reported for egg-carrying species. The greater fecundity at higher temperatures
compared to other subtemperate species indicates that the species is well adapted to the higher temperatures of coastal lagoons
and brackish water lakes where it contributes to the biofouling community. 相似文献
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Peimer Alex W. Krzywicka Adrianna E. Cohen Dora B. Van den Bosch Kyle Buxton Valerie L. Stevenson Natalie A. Matthews Jeffrey W. 《Environmental management》2017,59(1):141-153
Environmental Management - Growing recognition of the importance of wetlands to human and ecosystem well-being has led countries worldwide to implement wetland protection policies. Different... 相似文献
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Anabella Covazzi Harriague Giancarlo Albertelli Adrianna Bonomi Mauro Fabiano Tecla Zunini-Sertorio 《Chemistry and Ecology》2007,23(3):263-277
Suspended particulate matter, zooplankton, and macrobenthos dynamics were investigated in a shallow area of the Ligurian Sea (north-west Mediterranean) characterized by wide temporal variability over an annual cycle. As indicated by multivariate analyses, the seasonal dynamics can be summarized as follows: (1) a late winter-early spring phytoplankton bloom followed by high zooplankton and macrobenthos densities during the spring months; (2) low-quality particulate suspended matter in summer, and an increase in the importance of zooplankton taxa with a wide range of feeding strategies, a decrease in macrofaunal abundance, and an increase in deposit-feeders and predators; and (3) a second phytoplankton bloom in autumn, followed by an increase in copepod density and a low macrofaunal abundance. In conclusion, pelagic and benthic communities in the coastal area of the Ligurian Sea mainly seem to be controlled bottom-up. Our results suggest that the quality of the particulate organic matter may play an important role in determining the temporal changes of both plankton and benthic assemblages, while the direct influence of other environmental features (such as sediment grain size) is relevant only for some macrobenthic taxa (e.g. crustaceans). 相似文献
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Walter Veselka IV James T. Anderson Walter S. Kordek 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,164(1-4):533-548
Considerable resources are being used to develop and implement bioassessment methods for wetlands to ensure that “biological integrity” is maintained under the United States Clean Water Act. Previous research has demonstrated that avian composition is susceptible to human impairments at multiple spatial scales. Using a site-specific disturbance gradient, we built avian wetland indices of biological integrity (AW-IBI) specific to two wetland classification schemes, one based on vegetative structure and the other based on the wetland’s position in the landscape and sources of water. The resulting class-specific AW-IBI was comprised of one to four metrics that varied in their sensitivity to the disturbance gradient. Some of these metrics were specific to only one of the classification schemes, whereas others could discriminate varying levels of disturbance regardless of classification scheme. Overall, all of the derived biological indices specific to the vegetative structure-based classes of wetlands had a significant relation with the disturbance gradient; however, the biological index derived for floodplain wetlands exhibited a more consistent response to a local disturbance gradient. We suspect that the consistency of this response is due to the inherent nature of the connectivity of available habitat in floodplain wetlands. 相似文献
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Walter Veselka IV James S. Rentch William N. Grafton Walter S. Kordek James T. Anderson 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,170(1-4):555-569
Bioassessment methods for wetlands, and other bodies of water, have been developed worldwide to measure and quantify changes in “biological integrity.” These assessments are based on a classification system, meant to ensure appropriate comparisons between wetland types. Using a local site-specific disturbance gradient, we built vegetation indices of biological integrity (Veg-IBIs) based on two commonly used wetland classification systems in the USA: One based on vegetative structure and the other based on a wetland’s position in a landscape and sources of water. The resulting class-specific Veg-IBIs were comprised of 1–5 metrics that varied in their sensitivity to the disturbance gradient (R 2?=?0.14???0.65). Moreover, the sensitivity to the disturbance gradient increased as metrics from each of the two classification schemes were combined (added). Using this information to monitor natural and created wetlands will help natural resource managers track changes in biological integrity of wetlands in response to anthropogenic disturbance and allows the use of vegetative communities to set ecological performance standards for mitigation banks. 相似文献
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