防灾预案研究

本文提出了防御灾害预案的五要素和逻辑结构,进而讨论了防灾预案的优化准则、制定程序等问题。     

微生物浸出印刷线路板中金属的研究进展

印刷线路板作为电子产品中不可缺少的部件,具有成分复杂、环境危害大和资源化价值高等特点,对废印刷线路板成分进行科学有效地分离富集一直是电子废弃物资源化利用研究的热点和难点.从适用的微生物种类、微生物的浸提机制、影响微生物浸提效果的因素等方面综述了微生物在印刷线路板中金属的浸出中的应用研究状况,最后对未来的研究方向进行了展...     

干旱对电力生产的影响

本文以１９９４年～１９９５年干旱对陕西省电力生产的影响为例，论述了干旱对电力生产的影响，在此基础上提出了相应的减灾对策．     

Electrochemical treatment of livestock waste streams. A review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Wastewater from the livestock industries contains high concentration of nutrients, organic pollutants, suspended solids, and pathogenic microorganisms. Discharge...     

希夏邦马夏季降水中水化学特征

１９９６夏季,中美联合冰川考察队伍在西藏南部希夏邦马地区进行联合冰川学综合考察,期间在多处进行了降水样收集和冰川表面积雪的采集,为希望夏邦马冰川冰芯中古环境气候 解释奠定基础,此我,还进行了同步气象观测。比较面夏邦马降水中氧稳定同位素,化学成分变化特征和冰川表现的沉积记录,结果希夏邦马夏季降水中氧稳定同位素含量和气温变化并未表现出相关性但其“高程效应”却十分明显,降水中各离子成分的变化幅度很大,但     

攀枝花西渣场灌浆胶结炉渣强度的试验研究

针对攀枝花西渣场采用灌浆胶结炉渣加固边坡工程,开展了灌浆胶结炉渣单轴压缩试验和三轴压缩试验,研究了胶结炉渣体的破坏模式、强度特征及其对边坡稳定性的影响。试验结果表明:随着灌浆胶结炉渣中炉渣含量的增加,其内部结构不均匀性更加突出,试验加载过程中压应力区和拉应力区相互交错分布,最终破坏时受劈裂破坏和剪切破坏共同作用,其破坏形式从张拉劈裂破坏的一条曲折延伸的裂纹逐渐转变为多条裂纹的剪切-张拉复合破坏模式;注入灌浆材料能够提高现场炉渣体的黏聚力,从而提高胶法炉渣的强度。根据试验结果确定了胶结炉渣的强度参数,并进行边坡稳定性分析,结果表明注入灌浆形成胶结炉渣提高了炉渣边坡稳定性安全系数,边坡治理方案效果很好。     

浅议污水厂的磷回收

为控制水体富营养化 ,城市污水处理厂采用生物除磷脱氮工艺 ,因此在某些处理单元中有富磷液流产生。根据乌粪石生成的原理 ,在富磷液流中投加镁源 ,并调节pH为 8 5～ 9 0时 ,即能以乌粪石形式回收磷以补充日益短缺的磷资源。     

Heavy metals of the Tibetan top soils

Objective

Due to its high elevation, rare human activities and proximity to south Asia where industries are highly developed, it is required to investigate the fragile environment of the Tibetan Plateau. We are aiming to obtain the concentration level, source, spatial distribution, temporal variation and potential environmental risk of Tibetan soils.

Methods

A total of 128 surf ace soil samples were collected and analyzed f or V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb, and an additional 111 samples were analyzed f or Hg and total organic carbon. Concentration comparisons coupled with multivariate statistics were used to analysis the sources of elements of soils. We also carried out Risk assessment on the soils.

Results

Concentrations of Hg, Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb are slightly higher than those of the late 1970s. Concentrations of Cr and Ni are higher than averaged world background values. Tibetan soils present a high natural As concentration level.

Discussion

Anthropogenic sources may partly contribute to the elevated Hg, Cd and Pb concentrations. Cr and Ni are mainly originated from soil parent materials. Soil elements in Anduo and Qamdo regions may threaten the health of local people.

Conclusion

Heavy metal elements of Tibetan Plateau are mainly from the natural source. Arsenic present a high background level. Soil elements in Anduo and Qamdo regions may threaten the health of local people, which should be of concern to scientists and the government.