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本文引进生态膜和自组织概念 ,并运用此概念进一步分析了我国环境污染的特点和社会可持续发展的途径。作者认为我国现阶段的环境污染与我国社会处在初级发展阶段的固有特性有关 ,可持续发展的根本途径在于提高社会的自组织性功能。 相似文献
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Mesoporous carbon adsorbents, having high nitrogen content, were synthesized via nanocasting technique with melamine–formaldehyde resin as precursor and mesoporous silica as template. A series of adsorbents were prepared by varying the carbonization temperature from 400 to 700°C. Adsorbents were characterized thoroughly by nitrogen sorption, X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), elemental(CHN) analysis, Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy and Boehm titration. Carbonization temperature controlled the properties of the synthesized adsorbents ranging from surface area to their nitrogen content, which play major role in their application as adsorbents for CO_2 capture.The nanostructure of these materials was confirmed by XRD and TEM. Their nitrogen content decreased with an increase in carbonization temperature while other properties like surface area, pore volume, thermal stability and surface basicity increased with the carbonization temperature. These materials were evaluated for CO_2 adsorption by fixed-bed column adsorption experiments. Adsorbent synthesized at 700°C was found to have the highest surface area and surface basicity along with maximum CO_2 adsorption capacity among the synthesized adsorbents. Breakthrough time and CO_2 equilibrium adsorption capacity were investigated from the breakthrough curves and were found to decrease with increase in adsorption temperature. Adsorption process for carbon adsorbent–CO_2 system was found to be reversible with stable adsorption capacity over four consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles. From three isotherm models used to analyze the equilibrium data, Temkin isotherm model presented a nearly perfect fit implying the heterogeneous adsorbent surface. 相似文献
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城市污水处理厂内分泌干扰物浓度分布和去除规律 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采集南方某城市3个污水处理厂进出水及各工艺单元的水样,通过固相萃取-衍生化过程对水样进行预处理,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪定量检测水样中的17α-雌二醇(17α-E2)、雌酮(E1)、雌二醇(E2)、雌炔醇(EE2)、雌三醇(E3)、辛基酚(OP)、正壬基酚(NP)和双酚A(BPA)等8种内分泌干扰物(EDCs).连续4个季度的分析结果显示,3个污水厂进出水及各工艺单元中均有EDCs检出,EE2和BPA是含量最高的两种EDCs,出水中最高浓度分别达到498.9ng.L-1和2652.5ng.L-1,其他6种EDCs浓度均不超过100ng.L-1;生物处理工艺对EE2、E3、NP、OP和BPA有较高的去除率,平均去除率约为57%~85%,但对于E1、E2和17α-E2的去除率较低且不稳定;一级处理工艺对EDCs仅有低于18%的去除率;紫外辐照消毒工艺对EDCs的去除没有明显效果;EDCs浓度季节差异显著,由于雨水的稀释作用,旱季浓度约为雨季的2.5~7.8倍.本文对于了解我国南方地区污水处理工艺中EDCs类物质的分布和转化特点有一定的参考意义. 相似文献
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以关键酶为基础共代谢模型的建立——以甲烷细菌共代谢三氯乙烯为例 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13
根据共代谢过程扣特点,详细推导建立了一个以关键酶为中心的综合性数学模型,模型不仅包括传统的基质降解迷率和微生物生长,而且包括关键产诱导,毒性抑制和自我恢复,以及能量的调节等重要因素,模型能够在理解释文献报道的各种实验现象。 相似文献
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皮革含铬废水加碱处理研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用加碱沉淀法处理制革铬鞣废水时,MgO/CaO(1:4,w:w)取得较好的处理效果,其机理包括调节pH与混凝沉淀。铬辣废水Cr^3 和色度去除率大于99%,SS去除率大于87%,但COD去除率只有47%,主要依靠协同沉陷。混合废水处理效果也很好,但铬泥沉降较差。有机杂质的存在较大地影响了Cr^3 的去除,一定量的SS有利于铬泥的沉降。 相似文献
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2-氯联苯与4-氯联苯的超声降解研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以 2 氯联苯 ( 2CB)与 4 氯联苯 ( 4CB)为对象 ,研究了污染物结构对超声降解的影响 .在 2 0kHz,30 8W·cm- 2 的超声波作用下 ,2CB与 4CB的准一级降解速率常数分别达到 0 1 2 8min- 1 和 0 0 98min- 1 .其反应速率的差异来自不同取代基位置导致的挥发性之差 .在 95 %的母体去除后 ,~ 80 %的有机氯转化成无机氯离子 . 1h后 2CB与 4CB溶液的TOC去除率分别达到 40 %和 35 % . 相似文献
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