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Bhawana Jain Ajaya Kumar Singh Hyunook Kim Eric Lichtfouse Virender K. Sharma 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(3):947-967
Nowadays, the water ecosystem is being polluted due to the rapid industrialization and massive use of antibiotics, fertilizers, cosmetics, paints, and other chemicals. Chemical oxidation is one of the most applied processes to degrade contaminants in water. However, chemicals are often unable to completely mineralize the pollutants. Enhanced pollutant degradation can be achieved by Fenton reaction and related processes. As a consequence, Fenton reactions have received great attention in the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater effluents. Currently, homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton processes are being investigated intensively and optimized for applications, either alone or in a combination of other processes. This review presents fundamental chemistry involved in various kinds of homogeneous Fenton reactions, which include classical Fenton, electro-Fenton, photo-Fenton, electro-Fenton, sono-electro-Fenton, and solar photoelectron-Fenton. In the homogeneous Fenton reaction process, the molar ratio of iron(II) and hydrogen peroxide, and the pH usually determine the effectiveness of removing target pollutants and subsequently their mineralization, monitored by a decrease in levels of total organic carbon or chemical oxygen demand. We present catalysts used in heterogeneous Fenton or Fenton-like reactions, such as H2O2–Fe3+(solid)/nano-zero-valent iron/immobilized iron and electro-Fenton-pyrite. Surface properties of heterogeneous catalysts generally control the efficiency to degrade pollutants. Examples of Fenton reactions are demonstrated to degrade and mineralize a wide range of water pollutants in real industrial wastewaters, such as dyes and phenols. Removal of various antibiotics by homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton reactions is exemplified. 相似文献
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Jeff L. Gentry Alexandra Salter‐Blanc Keith Sheets Bhawana Sharma Laura Tochko Scott Martin 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2020,30(2):5-14
A novel, multilayered shoreline cap was designed and installed to mitigate the release of petroleum light nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) and dissolved‐phase groundwater constituents to the Willamette River in Portland, OR. Releases of LNAPL related to upland impacts caused occasional sheens on a portion of the river within the Portland Harbor Superfund Site. The frequency and volume of sheens decreased following the installation of an upland sheet pile barrier wall, but occasional sheens related to LNAPL impacts stranded downgradient of the wall continued–prompting the design of a shoreline remedy. Because the site is located within the Portland Harbor Superfund Site, the cap was designed to mitigate sheen and to meet the objectives specified in the Portland Harbor Record of Decision including limiting the discharge of certain dissolved‐phase constituents of interest. The cap design was the first instance of combining an oleophilic bio‐barrier to mitigate sheen and an activated carbon layer to capture dissolved‐phase constituents. No sheens have been visually observed since cap installation. 相似文献
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Bhawana Upadhyay 《Natural resources forum》2005,29(3):224-232
This article attempts to delineate women's roles in natural resource management by highlighting their roles in management of water, agriculture, livestock, forestry and fishery. The article is based on the findings of case studies in rural areas of India and Nepal done during 2003 and 2004 by the author as well as by other researchers. Taking women as primary respondents, empirical work used participatory techniques, such as in‐depth surveys, focus group discussions and participant observation. Findings suggest that women clearly outdo men in terms of their involvement in use and management of all the studied sectors, i.e., water, agriculture, livestock, forestry and fishery. Yet, they face categorical exclusion and denial of equal sharing of benefits from natural resources. In order to ensure sustainable use of these resources, the article recommends that policy makers, planners and development workers must have a better understanding of the relative and often shifting roles of men and women in natural resource management, including division of labour, access to resources, decision‐making and traditional knowledge and practices. The article concludes with sector‐specific recommendations. 相似文献
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Sohal Bhawana Singh Sharanpreet Singh Soubam Indra Kumar Bhat Sartaj Ahmad Kaur Jagdeep Singh Jaswinder Vig Adarsh Pal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):48154-48170
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fly ash (FA) is available in an unstable state and can be ameliorated by vermicomposting. The different ratios of FA viz (FA10, FA15, FA20, FA25,... 相似文献
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