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1.
Martín-Díaz ML Kalman J Riba I de la Reguera DF Blasco J DelValls A 《Environment international》2007,33(4):463-468
Ecotoxicological effects associated with contaminants present in dredged material from Spain were determined using a marine biotest based on the determination of metallothionein-like-protein concentrations (MTLPs) in the shore crab Carcinus maenas. Intermoult female C. maenas were exposed in the laboratory to sediments from three Spanish ports, Ría de Huelva (SW, Spain), La Coru?a (NW, Spain) and Bahía de Cádiz (SW, Spain) per replicate during 21 days. Hepatopancreas samples from crabs were taken for metallothioneins analysis on days 0, 7 and 21. Furthermore, chemical analysis was performed in the stations to determine the degree and nature of sediment contamination (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg, As, PAHs and PCBs). A significant increase (p<0.05) in metallothionein concentration was observed over time in individuals exposed to sediment from the port Ría de Huelva characterized by high concentrations of metals. A toxicokinetic approach is proposed in this study related to the use of this biomarker in C. maenas to evaluate bioavailability associated with metals present in dredged material. As a first step, this toxicokinetic approach might reveal as a sensitive tool for evaluating bioavailability of contaminants present in dredged material. 相似文献
2.
Previous studies have demonstrated that the commercial feed of aquacultured fish contains trace amounts of toxic and essential metals which can accumulate in tissues and finally be ingested by consumers. Recently rising temperatures, associated to the global warming phenomenon, have been reported as a factor to be taken into consideration in ecotoxicology, since temperature-dependent alterations in bioavailability, toxicokinetics and biotransformation rates can be expected. Sparus aurata were kept at 22 °C, 27 °C and 30 °C for 3 months in order to determine the temperature effect on metallothionein induction and metal bioaccumulation from a non-experimentally contaminated commercial feed. A significant temperature-dependent accumulation of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and iron (Fe) was found in liver, together with that of manganese (Mn), Fe and Zn in muscle. Hg presented the highest bioaccumulation factor, and essential metal homeostasis was disturbed in both tissues at warm temperatures. An enhancement of hepatic metallothionein induction was found in fish exposed to the highest temperature. 相似文献
3.
Transportation system has contributed significantly to the development of human civilization; on the other hand it has an
enormous impact on the ambient air quality in several ways. In this paper the air and noise pollution at selected sites along
three sections of National Highway was monitored. Pakistan National Highway Authority has started a Highway Improvement
program for rehabilitations and maintenance of National highways to improve the traffic flows, and would ultimately improve
the air quality along highways. The ambient air quality and noise level was monitored at nine different locations along these
sections of highways to quantify the air pollution. The duration of monitoring at individual location was 72 h. The most of
the sampling points were near the urban or village population, schools or hospitals, in order to quantify the air pollution
at most affected locations along these roads. A database consisting of information regarding the source of emission, local
metrology and air quality may be created to assess the profile of air quality in the area. 相似文献
4.
Mateos S Daza P Domínguez I Cárdenas JA Cortés F 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,153(3):590-593
A field study was carried out in the south of the Iberian Peninsula in an industrial area in the neighbourhood of Huelva city, SW Spain, and in a natural area (Do?ana National Park) for comparison, to estimate the genetic risk induced by environmental pollution in wild mice. Genotoxic effects in a sentinel organism, the Algerian mice (Mus spretus) free living in the industrial area were compared with animals of the same species living in the natural protected area. The single cell gel electrophoresis, or Comet assay, was performed as a genotoxicity test in peripheral blood of mice. Our results clearly show that mice free living in the contaminated area bear a high burden of genetic damage as compared with control individuals. The results suggest that the assessing of genotoxicity levels by the Comet assay in wild mice can be used as a valuable test in pollution monitoring and environmental conservation. 相似文献
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6.
Rita Puig Pere Fullana-i-Palmer Grau Baquero Jordi-Roger Riba Alba Bala 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(12):2789-2797
Life cycle thinking is a good approach to be used for environmental decision-support, although the complexity of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies sometimes prevents their wide use. The purpose of this paper is to show how LCA methodology can be simplified to be more useful for certain applications.In order to improve waste management in Catalonia (Spain), a Cumulative Energy Demand indicator (LCA-based) has been used to obtain four mathematical models to help the government in the decision of preventing or allowing a specific waste from going out of the borders. The conceptual equations and all the subsequent developments and assumptions made to obtain the simplified models are presented.One of the four models is discussed in detail, presenting the final simplified equation to be subsequently used by the government in decision making.The resulting model has been found to be scientifically robust, simple to implement and, above all, fulfilling its purpose: the limitation of waste transport out of Catalonia unless the waste recovery operations are significantly better and justify this transport. 相似文献
7.
Paula Ribao Maria J. Rivero Inmaculada Ortiz 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(35):34893-34902
This work aimed to optimize high-performance photocatalysts based on graphene oxide/titanium dioxide (GO/TiO2) nanocomposites for the effective degradation of aqueous pollutants. The catalytic activity was tested against the degradation of dichloroacetic acid (DCA), a by-product of disinfection processes that is present in many industrial wastewaters and effluents. GO/TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared using three different methods, hydrothermal, solvothermal, and mechanical, and varying the GO/TiO2 ratio in the range of 1 to 10%. Several techniques were applied to characterize the catalysts, and better coupling of GO and TiO2 was observed in the thermally synthesized composites. Although the results obtained for DCA degradation showed a coupled influence of the composite preparation method and its composition, promising results were obtained with the photocatalysts compared to the limited activity of conventional TiO2. In the best case, corresponding to the composite synthesized via hydrothermal method with 5% of GO/TiO2 weight ratio, an enhancement of 2.5 times of the photocatalytic degradation yield of DCA was obtained compared to bare TiO2, thus opening more efficient ways to promote the application of photocatalytic remediation technologies. 相似文献
8.
Fernández-Landero Sandra Giráldez Inmaculada Fernández-Caliani Juan Carlos 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2021,43(10):4251-4264
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Chestnut soils developed over mineralized areas of southwestern Spain are characterized by high baseline concentrations of geogenic trace elements, notably... 相似文献
9.
Sediment quality in littoral regions of the Gulf of Cádiz: a triad approach to address the influence of mining activities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Riba I Forja JM Gómez-Parra A DelValls TA 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2004,132(2):341-353
To evaluate sediment quality in different areas in the Gulf of Cádiz affected by mining activities, an integrative approach to assessment was used: the Sediment Quality Triad (SQT). Sediment samples were collected at six stations and subjected to replicated sediment acute and chronic toxicity tests, and comprehensive sediment chemistry analyses. Organisms collected synoptically at the same stations were analyzed for histopathological lesions and chemical concentrations in their tissues to determine 'in situ' alteration and bioavailability, in place of benthic community structure. The results obtained for each component were linked to the SQT using different methodologies of interpretation and expression of the integrated approach: (a) multivariate analysis, (b) significant statistical differences compared to the reference stations, (c) ANOVA-based pie charts, and (d) classical methods using triangles and the SQT index of pollution. SQT results indicated that the highest pollution was mainly associated with metals from mining activities and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the Ría of Huelva. The use of histopathological measures and bioaccumulation of metals, improved the characterization of 'gray areas' of pollution and in the determination of the bioavailability of metals. 相似文献
10.
MD Basallote A Rodríguez-Romero J Blasco A DelValls I Riba 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,19(7):2550-2560
CO(2) leakages during carbon capture and storage in sub-seabed geological structures could produce potential impacts on the marine environment. To study lethal effects on marine organisms attributable to CO(2) seawater acidification, a bubbling CO(2) system was designed enabling a battery of different tests to be conducted, under laboratory conditions, employing various pH treatments (8.0, 7.5, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, and 5.5). Assays were performed of three exposure routes (seawater, whole sediment, and sediment elutriate). Individuals of the clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) and early-life stages of the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, were exposed for 10?days and 72?h, respectively, to acidified clean seawater. S. aurata larvae were also exposed to acidified elutriate samples, and polychaete organisms of the specie Hediste diversicolor and clams R. philippinarum were also exposed for 10?days to estuarine whole sediment. In the fish larvae elutriate test, 100?% mortality was recorded at pH?6.0, after 48?h of exposure. Similar results were obtained in the clam sediment exposure test. In the other organisms, significant mortality (p?0.05) was observed at pH values lower than 6.0. Very high lethal effects (calculating L[H(+)]50, defined as the H(+) concentration that causes lethal effects in 50?% of the population exposed) were detected in association with the lowest pH treatment for all the species. The implication of these results is that a severe decrease of seawater pH would cause high mortality in marine organisms of several different kinds and life stages. The study addresses the potential risks incurred due to CO(2) leakages in marine environments. 相似文献