Correction to: Preparation of GO/MIL-101(Fe,cu) composite and its adsorption mechanisms for phosphate in aqueous solution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15526-6     

我国典型南方城市臭氧污染特征

分析了我国典型南方城市的臭氧污染特征,选取我国4个有代表性的南方重点城市武汉、宁波、中山和南宁的2013—2015年监测数据,使用EXCEL、ORIGIN和MATLAB等统计软件开展研究,结果表明:我国南方典型城市的臭氧质量浓度分布有明显时间变化特征,超标时间跨度大,部分南方城市与氮氧化物存在较明显负相关性,相关系数高于-0.6;受城市所在不同地理位置、气象因素、大气扩散条件及可能的不同本地排放污染源构成等因素影响,4个城市的近3年臭氧浓度月均值、超标情况和年内峰值均存在一定差异和分组相似性;与部分气象因素也表现出显著相关性。     

Emission factors and particulate matter size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from residential coal combustions in rural Northern China

Coal consumption is one important contributor to energy production, and is regarded as one of the most important sources of air pollutants that have considerable impacts on human health and climate change. Emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from coal combustion were studied in a typical stove. Emission factors (EFs) of 16 EPA priority PAHs from tested coals ranged from 6.25 ± 1.16 mg kg^?1 (anthracite) to 253 ± 170 mg kg^?1 (bituminous), with NAP and PHE dominated in gaseous and particulate phases, respectively. Size distributions of particulate phase PAHs from tested coals showed that they were mostly associated with particulate matter (PM) with size either between 0.7 and 2.1 μm or less than 0.4 μm (PM_0.4). In the latter category, not only were more PAHs present in PM_0.4, but also contained higher fractions of high molecular weight PAHs. Generally, there were more than 89% of total particulate phase PAHs associated with PM_2.5. Gas-particle partitioning of freshly emitted PAHs from residential coal combustions were thought to be mainly controlled by absorption rather than adsorption, which is similar to those from other sources. Besides, the influence of fuel properties and combustion conditions was further investigated by using stepwise regression analysis, which indicated that almost 57 ± 10% of total variations in PAH EFs can be accounted for by moisture and volatile matter content of coal in residential combustion.     

关于我国环境空气质量监测点位设置的思考

设置各种空气质量监测点位时,应以监测网络的监测目的为根本出发点,并同时考虑点位功能和空间代表尺度、点位环境条件以及实际经济技术条件等因素。一个完整的环境空气质量监测网络应涵盖各类功能的监测点位,从而达到监测网络建设的多目标要求,然而空气质量监测点位的建设是一个不断发展和完善的过程。目前我国城市空气质量监测点以空气质量评价点为主,其目的是掌握城市整体空气质量状况和长期变化趋势,为环境管理和污染防治提供决策依据,但这类监测点位的功能相对单一,难以满足公众了解详尽的空气质量状况信息的需求。未来,随着监测投入的增加,我国应进一步完善地方监测网络建设,使之涵盖不同功能的监测点位,从而更好地为公众提供空气质量预警信息和健康指引。     

内蒙古四种牧草对土壤中汞富集能力与生理响应

随着内蒙古就地煤电转化发展方式的推行,周边土壤中来自大气汞沉降逐步加剧。为了解牧草对汞的富集能力与耐性机理,选取内蒙古草场常见四种牧草:羊草、紫花苜蓿、披碱草和高羊茅进行研究。通过野外汞沉降模拟试验及汞胁迫盆栽种植试验,分别测定土壤、牧草中的总汞含量及牧草的生理生化值,分析被试牧草汞含量与土壤汞含量相关性。供试土壤为砂土,pH在7.43—8.53,当土壤中汞含量不高于1.0 mg?kg~(-1)时,四种牧草富集系数皆大于1。结果表明:不同牧草对汞富集能力不同并且会受土壤中汞含量影响,牧草对汞的富集系数随汞胁迫浓度增高而逐渐下降,汞胁迫下牧草细胞膜脂过氧化程度提高,牧草通过提高抗氧化酶酶活、脯氨酸含量调节细胞是其耐受汞的重要机理。     

High crosslinked sodium carboxyl methylstarch-g-poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) resin for heavy metal adsorption: its characteristics and mechanisms

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A lower expansive heavy metal adsorbent, high crosslinked sodium carboxyl methylstarch-g-poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) resin (HCAA), has been...     

SBR处理高浓度养猪废水工艺条件

以养猪场废水作为研究对象，采用序列间歇式活性污泥法SBR，通过实验研究了供气量、pH、排泥量、原水稀释倍数、水力停留时间（HRT）对SBR出水水质的影响。结果表明，供气量为375 L/（min·m³）、pH为8.0，并添加排泥100 mL的操作，可使SBR处理效果明显提高，COD、磷和凯氏氮去除率最高分别可达96.37%、94.14%、99.38%。逐步降低进水稀释倍数有利于培养出处理高浓度有机养猪废水的活性污泥，可将平均COD、磷和凯氏氮含量高达9 161.24、33.41和1 502.77 mg/L的养猪废水处理至出水的490.11、5.35和17.84 mg/L。降低HRT对SBR去除率影响不大。     

Preparation of GO/MIL-101(Fe,Cu) composite and its adsorption mechanisms for phosphate in aqueous solution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, MIL-101(Fe), MIL-101(Fe,Cu), and graphene oxide (GO)/MIL-101(Fe,Cu) were synthesized to compose a novel sorbent. The adsorption...     

预报方法导向的系统化空气质量预报业务作业平台设计

中国正在开展环境空气质量预报能力建设,其中最关键的业务支撑是预报业务平台。以往的业务作业平台设计多是从软件编程的便利性出发,按照预报要素进行分类,很少按照预报方法或预报流程设计。研究讨论了预报作业平台的设计方法,遵循预报方法流程和人体工程学设计2个原则。其中,遵循预报方法流程能够使业务作业工作获得最大的便利;参考人体工程学,利于操作与完成的高效性和简洁度。目前,中国的环境空气质量预报平台还处于初期发展阶段,有待不断地探索和完善,因此,研究讨论一个有效的业务作业平台设计框架,将有利于促进全国空气质量预报业务平台能力建设的开展和业务体系的发展。