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1.
Vosel Yulia Belyanin Dmitriy Melgunov Mikhail Vosel Sergey Mezina Kseniya Kropacheva Marya Zhurkova Inna Shcherbov Boris 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(3):2880-2892
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This is a study of the atmospheric-origin natural radionuclides (7Be and 210Pb) and a wide range of micro- and macro-element accumulation in mosses,... 相似文献
2.
Torben R. Christensen Marcin Jackowicz-Korczyński Mika Aurela Patrick Crill Michal Heliasz Mikhail Mastepanov Thomas Friborg 《Ambio》2012,41(3):207-217
This article reports a dataset on 8 years of monitoring carbon fluxes in a subarctic palsa mire based on micrometeorological eddy covariance measurements. The mire is a complex with wet minerotrophic areas and elevated dry palsa as well as intermediate sub-ecosystems. The measurements document primarily the emission originating from the wet parts of the mire dominated by a rather homogenous cover of Eriophorum angustifolium. The CO2/CH4 flux measurements performed during the years 2001–2008 showed that the areas represented in the measurements were a relatively stable sink of carbon with an average annual rate of uptake amounting to on average ?46 g C m?2 y?1 including an equally stable loss through CH4 emissions (18–22 g CH4–C m?2 y?1). This consistent carbon sink combined with substantial CH4 emissions is most likely what is to be expected as the permafrost under palsa mires degrades in response to climate warming. 相似文献
3.
Chesser RK Bondarkov M Baker RJ Wickliffe JK Rodgers BE 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2004,71(2):147-157
Using data obtained from 435 radiation sampling stations in the Red Forest, 1.5 km W if the Chernobyl Nuclear Complex, we reconstructed the deposition pathway of the first plume released by the accident, Chernobyl's Western Trace. The dimensions and deposition rates of the plume remain sharply defined 15 years after the accident. Assuming a uniform particle distribution within the original cloud, we derived estimates of plume dimensions by applying geometric transformations to the coordinates at each sample point. Our derived estimates for the radioactive cloud accounted for 87% of the variation of radioactivity in this region. Results show a highly integrated bell-shaped cross-section of the cloud of radiation, approximately 660 m wide and 290 m high, traveling at a bearing of 264 degrees from reactor IV. Particle sizes within Chernobyl's Western Trace were within the most dangerous range for inhaled aerosols (2-5 microm). Therefore, reconstruction of the dispersion of such particles is critical for understanding the aftermath of nuclear and biological aerosol releases. 相似文献
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Fesenko S. V. Spiridonov S. I. Sanzharova N. I. Anisimov V. S. Aleksakhin R. M. 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2002,33(3):170-177
A mathematical model was constructed to simulate the processes of 137Cs migration in peat soils and its uptake by vegetation. Model parameters were assessed and the pattern of 137Cs distribution over soil profile was predicted in case of peat soils, which are typical of the Russian regions contaminated after the Chernobyl accident. The ecological half-life of 137Cs in the plant-root soil zone was calculated, and a long-term prognosis of the radionuclide uptake by plants was made. 相似文献
6.
Kozlov MV 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2005,135(1):91-99
Concentrations of nickel and copper, two principal metal pollutants of the 'Severonikel' smelter at Monchegorsk, NW Russia, were measured in unwashed leaves of mountain birch, Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii, collected in eight study sites along the pollution gradient during 1991-2003. In spite of significant decline in metal emissions, concentrations of foliar metals in most of the study sites did not decrease, indicating that soil contamination remains extremely high. Multiyear mean values peaked at 6.6 km S of the smelter, where they were 20-25 times higher than in the most distant study site. Concentrations of both metals demonstrated pronounced annual variation, which was explained by the meteorological conditions of early summer: higher precipitation in May increased foliar concentrations of both metals, whereas higher precipitation in June resulted in lower foliar concentrations of nickel. These data suggest that ecotoxicological situation in metal-contaminated areas can be modified by the expected climate change. In heavily polluted sites individual birch trees generally retained their ranks in terms of metal contamination during 1995-2003, demonstrating that the use of the same set of trees can significantly increase the accuracy of the monitoring data. 相似文献
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Analysis and modeling of statistical distributions of indoor radon concentration from data valorization to mapping and simulations are critical issues for real decision-making processes. The usual way to model indoor radon concentrations is to assume lognormal distributions of concentrations on a given territory. While these distributions usually model correctly the main body of the data density, they cannot model the extreme values, which are more important for risk assessment. In this paper, global and local indoor radon distributions are modeled using Extreme Value Theory (EVT). Emphasis is put on the tails of the distributions and their deviations from lognormality. The best fits of distributions to real data set density have been computed and goodness of fit with Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) is evaluated. The results show that EVT performs better than lognormal pdf for real data sets characterized by high indoor radon concentrations. 相似文献
8.
Dorothe Ehrich Niels M. Schmidt Gilles Gauthier Ray Alisauskas Anders Angerbjrn Karin Clark Frauke Ecke Nina E. Eide Erik Framstad Jay Frandsen Alastair Franke Olivier Gilg Marie-Andre Giroux Heikki Henttonen Birger Hrnfeldt Rolf A. Ims Gennadiy D. Kataev Sergey P. Kharitonov Siw T. Killengreen Charles J. Krebs Richard B. Lanctot Nicolas Lecomte Irina E. Menyushina Douglas W. Morris Guy Morrisson Lauri Oksanen Tarja Oksanen Johan Olofsson Ivan G. Pokrovsky Igor Yu. Popov Donald Reid James D. Roth Sarah T. Saalfeld Gustaf Samelius Benoit Sittler Sergey M. Sleptsov Paul A. Smith Aleksandr A. Sokolov Natalya A. Sokolova Mikhail Y. Soloviev Diana V. Solovyeva 《Ambio》2020,49(3):786-800
Lemmings are a key component of tundra food webs and changes in their dynamics can affect the whole ecosystem. We present a comprehensive overview of lemming monitoring and research activities, and assess recent trends in lemming abundance across the circumpolar Arctic. Since 2000, lemmings have been monitored at 49 sites of which 38 are still active. The sites were not evenly distributed with notably Russia and high Arctic Canada underrepresented. Abundance was monitored at all sites, but methods and levels of precision varied greatly. Other important attributes such as health, genetic diversity and potential drivers of population change, were often not monitored. There was no evidence that lemming populations were decreasing in general, although a negative trend was detected for low arctic populations sympatric with voles. To keep the pace of arctic change, we recommend maintaining long-term programmes while harmonizing methods, improving spatial coverage and integrating an ecosystem perspective. 相似文献
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Nasonova Alla Levy Guy J. Borisover Mikhail 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(34):42644-42655
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Land application of composts affects concentration and composition of dissolved organic matter (OM) which plays important roles in soil functioning... 相似文献
10.
Galina Belogolova Olga Gordeeva Marina Sokolova Mikhail Pastukhov Olga Vaishlya Vera Poletaeva 《Chemistry and Ecology》2020,36(3):220-235
ABSTRACTThe study was aimed at the migration and transformation of lead compounds in the rhizosphere, its accumulation in plants under the influence of the rhizosphere bacteria. For experiment, soil samples of the technogenous ecosystem contaminated differently by lead have been selected for plant growing. The samples were subdivided into control soil and the soil, inoculated by Azotobacter and Bacillus rhizobacteria. Lead concentrations have been analysed in easily exchangeable, carbonate, organic and Fe hydroxide-associated fractions as well in chelate forms and fulvic and humic acids. In soils, inoculated by rhizobacteria, there is an increased mobilisation of lead due to its decrease in humic acids and increase in fulvic acids. On technogenic soil, rhizobacteria initiate the immobilisation of Fe-hydroxide-bound, chelate-bound lead in the rhizosphere as well as lead occurring in roots. As a results, there is a decreased lead uptake by upper parts of plants. There is also a correlation between increasing soil alkalinity and increasing Pb accumulation in the roots of plants. The results of the experiment helped to understand more about the mechanisms of Pb compound behaviour under the influence of rhizobacteria that can be used for developing biotechnologies related to soil bioremediation and crop production. 相似文献