The effect of diazinon on blood glucose homeostasis: a systematic and meta-analysis study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Though evidence exists on the association between diazinon (DZN), an organophosphate pesticide, with hyperglycemia, contrasting reports also exist....     

Drought effects on the Iranian economy: a computable general equilibrium approach

Environment, Development and Sustainability - In the last two decades, recurring drought becomes a challenge for Iran’s economy, which is located in a drought-prone area, and it has been...     

Statistical analysis of arsenic contamination in drinking water in a city of Iran and its modeling using GIS

In this research, probable arsenic contamination in drinking water in the city of Ardabil was studied in 163 samples during four seasons. In each season, sampling was carried out randomly in the study area. Results were analyzed statistically applying SPSS 19 software, and the data was also modeled by Arc GIS 10.1 software. The maximum permissible arsenic concentration in drinking water defined by the World Health Organization and Iranian national standard is 10 μg/L. Statistical analysis showed 75, 88, 47, and 69% of samples in autumn, winter, spring, and summer, respectively, had concentrations higher than the national standard. The mean concentrations of arsenic in autumn, winter, spring, and summer were 19.89, 15.9, 10.87, and 14.6 μg/L, respectively, and the overall average in all samples through the year was 15.32 μg/L. Although GIS outputs indicated that the concentration distribution profiles changed in four consecutive seasons, variance analysis of the results showed that statistically there is no significant difference in arsenic levels in four seasons.     

Biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Satureja rechingeri Jamzad: a potential anticancer agent against cisplatin-resistant A2780CP ovarian cancer cells

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Drug resistance of cancer cells is a major issue in cancer treatment. Plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis has been applied in recent years to...     

Interactions of tillage and rainfall on atrazine leaching under field and laboratory conditions

Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate effects of tillage reversal and rainfall on ¹⁴C-atrazine (2-chloro4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino- -triazine) leaching patterns. Twelve intact soil cores (16 cm dia x 20 cm deep) were collected from 8-yr no-till (NT) fields. Half the cores were tilled (5 cm deep) prior to ¹⁴C-atrazine treatment (2.7 mg core⁻¹) to all cores. All cores received two rains (27 mm rain in 1.5 h, one day after application followed, two days later, by a 17 mm rain in 2.5 h) and leachate was collected and analyzed for atrazine. These rains simulated the timing, amount and duration of natural rainfall events from a tillage reversal field study. During the first high inte ity rainfall event, a pulse (2.1 μg L-1) of atrazine leached through tilled cores while leaching rate was linear and decreased (1.25 to 0.9 μg L-1) through un-tilled cores. Leaching rate was linear for both the tilled and un-tilled cores during the second rain. Less atrazine was left in the surface 5 cm of tilled soil than un-tilled after the two rains. Results confirmed field observations and suggested that when tillage is reversed on well structured soils, pesticide leaching may increase relative to un-tilled soil but these effects are probably confined to the first rain events after application only.     

Design and optimization of a hybrid process based on hollow-fiber membrane/coagulation for wastewater treatment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Treatment of textile wastewater using ultrafiltration membranes was carried out in this study. Since membrane fouling is a major operational problem...     

Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements intake via food crops consumption: Monte Carlo simulation-based probabilistic and heavy metal pollution index

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this study is to assess the content of heavy metals and their potential health risk in consumed food crops. To this end, the samples from...     

环境中的药物——LC-MS/MS分析地表水和地下水

成百上千的活性物质正被用于人药和兽药处方中.由于药物的广泛应用,它们的残留物可通过多种途径进入环境.虽然主要通过尿和粪便的排泄,但是药品生产中的排放也应被考虑.当抗生素用于水产业,就会产生更直接的影响.污水处理设备不能完全除去药物,因此药物会出现在地表和地下水样品中.近年来,人们对环境中药物的兴趣正在增加,需要建立一种快速、灵敏、有选择性的方法来分析水样.     

Influence of soil texture and tillage on herbicide transport

Two long-term no-till corn production studies, representing different soil texture, consistently showed higher leaching of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] to groundwater in a silt loam soil than in a sandy loam soil. A laboratory leaching study was initiated using intact soil cores from the two sites to determine whether the soil texture could account for the observed differences. Six intact soil cores (16 cm dia by 20 cm high) were collected from a four-year old no-till corn plots at each of the two locations (ca. 25 km apart). All cores were mounted in funnels and the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) was measured. Three cores (from each soil texture) with the lowest Ksat were mixed and repacked. All cores were surface treated with 1.7 kg ai ha(-1) [ring-14C] atrazine, subjected to simulated rainfall at a constant 12 mm h(-1) intensity until nearly 3 pore volume of leachate was collected and analyzed for a total of 14C. On an average, nearly 40% more of atrazine was leached through the intact silt loam than the sandy loam soil cores. For both the intact and repacked cores, the initial atrazine leaching rates were higher in the silt loam than the sandy loam soils, indicating that macropore flow was a more prominent mechanism for atrazine leaching in the silt loam soil. A predominance of macropore flow in the silt loam soil, possibly due to greater aggregate stability, may account for the observed leaching patterns for both field and laboratory studies.