Highly efficient biosorptive removal of lead from industrial effluent

This study has been focused on the efficient removal of Pb (II) from contaminated waters by biosorption using plant derived material. Accordingly an indigenous shrub, Tinospora cordifolia has been identified as the most suitable biosorbent. The plant biomass was subjected to optimization of various parameters such as the pH, equilibrium time, dosage, concentration, temperature and the applicable adsorption models. The optimum pH identified was 4.0 with a contact time of 60 min at room temperature (27 ± 2 °C). The experimental data fitted well to adsorption isotherms and the uptake capacity of Pb (II) was found to be 20.83 and 63.77 mg/g in batch mode and column mode, respectively. The high correlation factors obtained for Langmuir and Freundlich models indicated that both models were obeyed by the system. Kinetic study for adsorption of Pb (II) follow only pseudo second order rate of reaction. The accumulation of lead in biomass was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The FTIR analysis indicated the involvement of hydroxyl (−OH), alkenes (=CH) and carbonyl group (C = O) chelates in metal binding. The SEM and EDX analysis showed the structural changes and the filling of voids in the biomass thus, it indicated the metal-binding mechanism. In elution studies, the 0.1 M Na₂CO₃ was found to be the best with about 71% elution of the adsorbed metal. The biomass was then used for the removal of Pb (II) in synthetic and real wastewater samples from a lead-acid battery industry. It is also noteworthy that even at a very high concentration of 450 mg/L, the biomass was showing about 92% removal. The result is to establish the efficacy of T. cordifolia as a very good bioadsorbent for the Pb (II) removal from contaminated water.

     

用不同震级阈值的地震目录估计汾渭地震带的地震危险性

本文在肯定有史以来地震目录(资料)在各历史时期具有不等的完整性,即地震目录在整个历史时期不均匀的前提下,采用处理不同阈值资料的极大似然法,计算了汾渭地震带的地震危险性参数。     

城市下水污泥养殖的蚯蚓对产蛋鸡的影响

近年来在我国兴起的蚯蚓养殖热中,有相当一部分是用城市下水污泥、垃圾和各类工厂排放的污水沉降底泥等废物做饵料进行养殖的,用城市下水污泥养殖蚯蚓不仅能使污泥得到一定程度的净化、而且还可得到大量蚯蚓,这种蚯蚓如能加以有效的利用将会给污泥的资源化提供一个新途径。     

板料冲压成形和回弹分析过程的三维动态模拟

利用ANSYS/LS DYNA非线性动力有限元程序的显式 隐式连续求解功能 ,模拟了板料成形过程与卸载后板料回弹变形的全过程 ,得到了成形过程中任一时刻各处的应力和应变值及卸载后板料的回弹结果