Occurrence,sorption, and transformation of free and conjugated natural steroid estrogens in the environment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Natural steroid estrogens (NSEs), including free estrogens (FEs) and conjugated estrogens (CEs), are of emerging concern globally among public and...     

地下渗滤系统处理园林景观水性能测试

以苏州拙政园的园林景观水为研究对象,根据其景观水体的污染现状及其景观的特点,基于地下渗滤系统工作原理,设计了处理园林景观水的地下渗滤系统,着重对地下渗滤系统处理园林景观水的性能进行了实践的测试,通过实验,讨论了该系统对园林水体的浊度、高锰酸盐指数、N、P等几种主要污染物的去除效果.结果表明:地下渗滤系统处理园林景观水的性能比较稳定,受外界条件的影响很小.     

蚯蚓处理污水污泥制取土壤改良剂

将污水污泥和秸秆按不同比例混合后进行30 d预堆肥处理,然后在实验室条件下接种爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)开展60 d蚯蚓处理实验,研究污水污泥理化性质变化规律及其影响因素,并分析最终产品(蚯蚓粪)质量。结果表明,蚯蚓处理使污水污泥pH、有机碳(TOC)、C/N和病原菌含量显著降低,电导率(EC)升高,TN、TP、TK(总钾)、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾分别升高26.8%～40.8%、26.7%～52.4%、25.9%～44.8%、43.0%～120.0%、88.6%～406.8%、38.2%～113.2%,发芽指数(GI)达到80%以上。由于基质分解矿化引起质量损失,使蚯蚓粪中重金属相对含量增加,但仍在土地改良允许范围内。蚯蚓放养密度和物料含水率及其交互作用对蚯蚓处理效果存在显著影响,处理污水污泥的最优工况为:放养密度2.5 kg/m2、含水率60%。堆肥-蚯蚓处理组合工艺可将污水污泥转化为无害的、有价值的土壤改良剂。     

Nitrogen process in stormwater bioretention: the impact of alternate drying and rewetting on nitrogen migration and transformation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nitrogen migration and transformation in the stormwater bioretention system were studied in laboratory experiments, in which the effects of...     

一种新型结构与保温一体化复合墙板节点试验∗

为解决复合墙板节点常见的保温板易燃、易脱落等棘手问题,并使其抗震性能良好。给出了一种新型的结构与保温一体化陶粒混凝土T 型复合墙板节点。该复合墙板节点具有夹芯独特构造优势,主要表现在绿色节能,轻质高强,力学性能好,保温系统连接可靠,还能杜绝火灾的发生。通过对T 型复合墙板节点进行抗震试验,分别研究了其滞回性能、破坏机理、承载及变形能力、延性、耗能、损伤等。结果表明：一体化复合墙板节点的破坏顺序为腹板-翼缘-节点核心区;薄弱位置主要发生在腹板脚部,混凝土被拉裂或压碎,钢筋被拉长或压弯等;节点核心区受力相对良好,安全储备充足;符合“强节点,弱构件”设计要求和墙板革新发展政策。延性系数大于3,墙板节点安全性能良好。通过损伤指标评估分析,了解了试件各阶段工作状态。     

废弃线路板热解油合成改性酚醛树脂

以废弃线路板热解油为原料，采用碱溶—中和—萃取工艺提取其中以苯酚为主的粗酚，并合成改性酚醛树脂。合成硼酸改性酚醛树脂的优化工艺条件为n(粗酚)∶n(外加苯酚)=2∶3，n(粗酚+外加苯酚)∶n(甲醛)∶n(NaOH)∶n(硼酸)=1∶1.5∶0.15∶0.17;合成有机硅改性酚醛树脂的优化工艺条件为n(粗酚)∶n(外加苯酚)=2∶3，n(粗酚+外加苯酚)∶n(甲醛)∶n(NaOH)∶n(正硅酸乙酯)=1∶1.3∶0.1∶0.1。所合成的硼酸改性和有机硅改性酚醛树脂的主要性能指标均满足YB/T4131—2005《耐火材料用酚醛树脂》中牌号为PFn-5301的热固性液体树脂性能的要求。     

From meso- to macro-scale dynamic water quality modelling for the assessment of land use change scenarios

The implementation of the European Water Framework Directive requires reliable tools to predict the water quality situations in streams caused by planned land use changes at the scale of large regional river basins. This paper presents the results of modelling the in-stream nitrogen load and concentration within the macro-scale basin of the Saale river (24,167 km²) using a semi-distributed process-based ecohydrological dynamic model SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model). The simulated load and concentration at the last gauge of the basin show that SWIM is capable to provide a satisfactory result for a large basin. The uncertainty analysis indicates the importance of realistic input data for agricultural management, and that the calibration of parameters can compensate the uncertainty in the input data to a certain extent. A hypothesis about the distributed nutrient retention parameters for macro-scale basins was tested aimed in improvement of the simulation results at the intermediate gauges and the outlet. To verify the hypothesis, the retention parameters were firstly proved to have a reasonable representation of the denitrification conditions in six meso-scale catchments. The area of the Saale region was classified depending on denitrification conditions in soil and groundwater into three classes (poor, neutral and good), and the distributed parameters were applied. However, the hypothesis about the usefulness of distributed retention parameters for macro-scale basins was not confirmed. Since the agricultural management is different in the sub-regions of the Saale basin, land use change scenarios were evaluated for two meso-scale subbasins of the Saale. The scenario results show that the optimal agricultural land use and management are essential for the reduction in nutrient load and improvement of water quality to meet the objectives of the European Water Framework Directive and in view of the regional development plans for future.     

优化海上油田注水工艺实施清洁生产

针对海上油田注水的实际情况，探讨、研究、实施海上注水清洁生产管理，总结经验，为海上采油实施清洁生产提供参考。