排序方式: 共有5条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
2.
Elie Gaget Diego Pavón-Jordán Alison Johnston Aleksi Lehikoinen Wesley M. Hochachka Brett K. Sandercock Alaaeldin Soultan Hichem Azafzaf Nadjiba Bendjedda Taulant Bino Luka Božič Preben Clausen Mohamed Dakki Koen Devos Cristi Domsa Vitor Encarnação Kiraz Erciyas-Yavuz Sándor Faragó Teresa Frost Clemence Gaudard Lívia Gosztonyi Fredrik Haas Menno Hornman Tom Langendoen Christina Ieronymidou Vasiliy A. Kostyushin Lesley J. Lewis Svein-Håkon Lorentsen Leho Luigujõe Włodzimierz Meissner Tibor Mikuska Blas Molina Zuzana Musilová Viktor Natykanets Jean-Yves Paquet Nicky Petkov Danae Portolou Jozef Ridzoň Samir Sayoud Marko Šćiban Laimonas Sniauksta Antra Stīpniece Nicolas Strebel Norbert Teufelbauer Goran Topić Danka Uzunova Andrej Vizi Johannes Wahl Marco Zenatello Jon E. Brommer 《Conservation biology》2021,35(3):834-845
Climate warming is driving changes in species distributions and community composition. Many species have a so-called climatic debt, that is, shifts in range lag behind shifts in temperature isoclines. Inside protected areas (PAs), community changes in response to climate warming can be facilitated by greater colonization rates by warm-dwelling species, but also mitigated by lowering extirpation rates of cold-dwelling species. An evaluation of the relative importance of colonization-extirpation processes is important to inform conservation strategies that aim for both climate debt reduction and species conservation. We assessed the colonization-extirpation dynamics involved in community changes in response to climate inside and outside PAs. To do so, we used 25 years of occurrence data of nonbreeding waterbirds in the western Palearctic (97 species, 7071 sites, 39 countries, 1993–2017). We used a community temperature index (CTI) framework based on species thermal affinities to investigate species turnover induced by temperature increase. We determined whether thermal community adjustment was associated with colonization by warm-dwelling species or extirpation of cold-dwelling species by modeling change in standard deviation of the CTI (CTISD). Using linear mixed-effects models, we investigated whether communities in PAs had lower climatic debt and different patterns of community change than communities outside PAs. For CTI and CTISD combined, communities inside PAs had more species, higher colonization, lower extirpation, and lower climatic debt (16%) than communities outside PAs. Thus, our results suggest that PAs facilitate 2 independent processes that shape community dynamics and maintain biodiversity. The community adjustment was, however, not sufficiently fast to keep pace with the large temperature increases in the central and northeastern western Palearctic. Our results underline the potential of combining CTI and CTISD metrics to improve understanding of the colonization-extirpation patterns driven by climate warming. 相似文献
3.
基于OPAQ的城市空气质量预报系统研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
空气质量预测在国内的关注度日益提高,传统的空气质量预测系统通常运用数值化学传输模型,利用物理方程来计算污染物的扩散、沉降和化学反应。而化学传输模型的预测准确性很大程度上需要依赖详细的污染源排放信息和气象模型的输出结果。基于统计模型的OPAQ空气质量预报业务系统,采用人工神经网络算法,可预测各污染物的日均值或日最大值。并对北京空气质量预报的结果进行了评价,OPAQ空气质量预报业务系统对空气质量预测的准确性较高,能够利用较低的计算资源得到较为准确的预测结果。与数值预报相比,OPAQ空气质量预报业务系统不需要大量的基础数据作为输入,可弥补数值预报的不足,并成为数值预报的有力补充。 相似文献
4.
Heat wave hazard classification and risk assessment using artificial intelligence fuzzy logic 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Iphigenia Keramitsoglou Chris T. Kiranoudis Bino Maiheu Koen De Ridder Ioannis A. Daglis Paolo Manunta Marc Paganini 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(10):8239-8258
The average summer temperatures as well as the frequency and intensity of hot days and heat waves are expected to increase due to climate change. Motivated by this consequence, we propose a methodology to evaluate the monthly heat wave hazard and risk and its spatial distribution within large cities. A simple urban climate model with assimilated satellite-derived land surface temperature images was used to generate a historic database of urban air temperature fields. Heat wave hazard was then estimated from the analysis of these hourly air temperatures distributed at a 1-km grid over Athens, Greece, by identifying the areas that are more likely to suffer higher temperatures in the case of a heat wave event. Innovation lies in the artificial intelligence fuzzy logic model that was used to classify the heat waves from mild to extreme by taking into consideration their duration, intensity and time of occurrence. The monthly hazard was subsequently estimated as the cumulative effect from the individual heat waves that occurred at each grid cell during a month. Finally, monthly heat wave risk maps were produced integrating geospatial information on the population vulnerability to heat waves calculated from socio-economic variables. 相似文献
5.
The adsorption of phenol, p-chlorophenol and mercuric ions from aqueous solution onto activated carbon has been studied in fixed bed columns. The influence of varying parameters such as bed depth, solution flowrate and pollutant concentration has been studied. The Bed Depth Service Time has been used to analyse the experimental data and identify design correlations. Furthermore, an optimization procedure based on the Empty Bed Residence Time has been applied to the data. 相似文献
1