[1,3]oxazines: green synthesis by sonication using a magnetically-separable basic nano-catalyst and investigation of its activity against the toxic effect of a pesticide on the morphology of blood cells

Environmental Chemistry Letters - The demand for a cleaner environment has led chemists to develop greener protocols, notably by using catalysts. Encapsulation of an active substance on a solid...     

Effect of pendimethalin and quizalofop on N<Subscript>2</Subscript>-fixing bacteria in relation to availability of nitrogen in a <Emphasis Type="Italic">Typic Haplustept</Emphasis> soil of West Bengal,India

An experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions to investigate the effect of two systemic herbicides viz., pendimethalin and quizalofop, at their recommended field rates (1.0 kg and 50 g active ingredient ha^− 1, respectively) on the growth and activities of non-symbiotic N₂-fixing bacteria in relation to mineralization and availability of nitrogen in a Typic Haplustept soil. Both the herbicides, either singly or in a combination, stimulated the growth and activities of N₂-fixing bacteria resulting in higher mineralization and availability of nitrogen in soil. The single application of quizalofop increased the proliferation of aerobic non-symbiotic N₂-fixing bacteria to the highest extent while that of pendimethalin exerted maximum stimulation to their N₂-fixing capacity in soil. Both the herbicides, either alone or in a combination, did not have any significant difference in the stimulation of total nitrogen content and availability of exchangeable NH₄ ⁺ while the solubility of NO₃ ⁻ was highly manifested when the herbicides were applied separately in soil.