基于SWAT模型的三峡库区香溪河非点源氮磷负荷模拟

三峡水库蓄水后,水动力条件改变下营养盐的过量输入导致部分支流库湾水华现象及水体富营养化问题严重.本文以香溪河为研究示范区,基于GIS平台建立流域下垫面空间数据库,以氮磷为研究对象,应用SWAT模型对流域三大主要水系及涉及35个子流域进行2000-2009年径流、营养盐输出模拟研究,并对实测数据和模拟结果进行分析,结果表明:径流模拟结果校验阶段的效率系数0.65和0.86,确定系数是0.78和0.91,模拟效果较好,径流和营养盐负荷受降雨影响呈正相关关系,在丰水年和丰水季节较大,2000-2009年期间TN和TP年均负荷分别是2640.64和300.01 t,在2007年达到最大值,分别是3475.96和399.20 t,在2005年为最小值,分别是2036.72和226.44 t,TN和TP负荷的贡献率高岚水系＞古夫水系＞南阳水系,支流TN和TP输出强度空间差异较大,空间分布差异系数分别是0.34和0.58,TN最大值和最小值是29.39 kg·hm-2·a-1和3.86 kg·hm-2·a-1,TP最大值和最小值分别是4.90 kg·hm-2·a-1和0.54 kg·hm-2·a-1.     

Removal of Cu（ll） ions from aqueous solution by activated carbon impregnated with humic acid

Humic acid （HA） was impregnated onto powdered activated carbon to improve its Cu（II） adsorption capability. The optimum pH value for Cu（II） removal was 6. The maximum adsorption capacity of HAimpregnated activated carbon was up to 5.98mg.g-1, which is five times the capacity of virgin activated carbon. The adsorption processes were rapid and accompanied by changes in pH. In using a linear method, it was determined that the equilibrium experimental data were better represented by the Langmuir isotherm than by the Freundlich isotherm. Surface charges and surface functional groups were studied through zeta potential and FTIR measurements to explain the mechanism behind the humicacid modification that enhanced the Cu（II） adsorption capacity of activated carbon.     

人造板材释放的甲醛所致遗传毒性的研究

进行了两方面的DNA损伤实验：(1)采用SCGE技术进行体外实验，观察甲醛对大鼠肝细胞和人血淋巴细胞DNA损伤作用；(2)采用微核技术进行体内实验，观察甲醛对活体小鼠的骨髓嗜多染红细胞的微核率诱导作用．结果表明在浓度为1．24mg/m^3、3．71mg/m^3时，不论是体内还是体外实验，甲醛对细胞DNA都有明显的损伤作用．SCGE实验结果还表明，高浓度的甲醛可能引起DNA交联．