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1.
Anomalous solute transport in porous media is an important issue in groundwater research. In this paper, we explore the relationship between the anomalous solute transport and the volume fractions of different grains in the porous media. Via simulation, we find that there is a maximum and a minimum in the degree of anomalous transport when changing the volume fractions of different grains. Moreover, the characteristic volume fractions corresponding to the anomalous transport maximum and minimum vary little with the flow field and diffusion coefficient of the solute. We also find that the volume fraction corresponding to the most anomalous dispersion is close to the threshold of the site percolation for simple-cubic networks. 相似文献
2.
Chenchen Li Lijie Yan Yiming Li Dan Zhang Mutai Bao Limei Dong 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):72
3.
为解决我国废弃产品环境污染问题和再生资源循环利用的困境,加快生态文明建设和循环经济发展,国务院现已推行生产者责任延伸制度。该项制度的推行实施,可减轻环境治理负担,推动循环经济和清洁生产模式,促进企业技术升级,但该项制度在具体实施过程中尚存在一些问题。以铅蓄电池行业为例,存在的主要问题包括相关制度不健全、回收利用体系不完善、缺乏多部门联动监管机制和有效的经济激励政策等。针对上述问题,结合河南省的废铅蓄电池收集处理制度试点工作,提出铅酸蓄电池行业生产者责任延伸制实施的建议方案,为生产者责任延伸制度更好地推行和实施提供参考。 相似文献
4.
研究了Fenton氧化技术在改善污泥脱水性能方面的效果,以污泥比阻和毛细吸水时间来表征污泥的脱水性能,探讨了体系的pH和反应时间对污泥脱水性能的影响以及Fenton氧化对污泥溶解性物质(SCOD+多聚糖+蛋白质)含量的影响研究表明,Fenton氧化能够明显改善污泥的脱水性能。在体系的pH=3时,反应1h后,Fenton氧化处理后污泥的CST从处理前的130.9s减少到19.7s,降幅85%;污泥SRF从处理前的3.58×108 s2/g降低到1.05×107 s2/g,降幅97%。同体系处理污泥SCOD、上清液中多聚糖和蛋白质的含量分别增加了3.7倍、2.6倍和1.5倍。 相似文献
5.
运用计算实验方法,以计算机为工具,构造太湖水环境系统承载力模型,通过研究水和人类的各主体行为得出太湖水环境系统的整体特征,并通过人口、TP、TN、CODMn承载度来反映。研究结果表明太湖目前点源污染得到了有效控制,但面源污染和城镇生活用水污染尚需要重点治理。实验显示:通过系统参数的调整,将大大改善太湖现有水环境系统。 相似文献
6.
Single and joint toxic e ects of polycyclic musks including 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[g]-2-
benzopyran (HHCB) and 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalene (AHTN) and cadmium (Cd) on seed
germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) were investigated. The results showed that the toxicity sequence of
HHCB toxic to wheat seed germination and seedling growth was similar to that of AHTN, that is, germination rate > shoot elongation
> root elongation, while the toxicity of Cd was in the sequence of root elongation > shoot elongation > germination rate, according
to the LC50 and EC50 values. It is suggested that polycyclic musks and Cd had di erent toxicological mechanisms. Root and shoot
elongation of wheat might be good bioindicators for the contamination of polycyclic musks and Cd in soil. The mixture of polycyclic
musks and Cd had synergistic e ects on T. aestivum according to the equi-toxic mixture approach when root elongation was selected as
the toxicological endpoint. Thus, the joint toxicity of HHCB and Cd was significantly higher than the single toxicity of HHCB or Cd,
which was also confirmed by the EC50 mix value of the mixture (EC50 mix = 0.530 TUmix). The EC50 mix value of the mixture of AHTN
and Cd was 0.614 TUmix, which indicated that the mixture toxicity was strengthened when AHTN coexisted with Cd. 相似文献
7.
8.
Variations between rice cultivars in iron and manganese plaque on roots and
the relation with plant cadmium uptake 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
To understand certain mechanisms causing variations between rice cultivars with regard to cadmium uptake and tolerance, pot soil
experiments were conducted with two rice cultivars of di erent genotypes under di erent soil Cd levels. The relationships between
plant Cd uptake and iron/manganese (Fe/Mn) plaque formation on roots were investigated. The results showed that rice cultivars
di ered markedly in Cd uptake and tolerance. Under soil Cd treatments, Cd concentrations and accumulations in the cultivar Shanyou
63 (the genotype indica) were significantly higher than those in the cultivar Wuyunjing 7 (the genotype japonica) (P < 0.01, or P <
0.05), and Shanyou 63 was more sensitive to Cd toxicity than Wuyunjing 7. The di erences between the rice cultivars were the largest
at relatively low soil Cd level (i.e., 10 mg/kg). Fe concentrations in dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate root extracts of Shanyou 63 were
generally lower than that of Wuyunjing 7, and the di erence was the most significant under the treatment of 10 mg Cd/kg soil. The
results indicated that the formation of iron plaque on rice roots could act as a barrier to soil Cd toxicity, and may be a “bu er” or a
“reservoir” which could reduce Cd uptake into rice roots. And the plaque may contribute, to some extent, to the genotypic di erences
of rice cultivars in Cd uptake and tolerance. 相似文献
9.
10.
Wei Song Jianguo Liu Yongfeng Nie 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2010,4(1):59-64
Pyrolysis is an alternative technology for oil sludge treatment. Thermogravimetric Analysis-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
and Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry were employed to investigate the pyrolysis process and products of oil
sludge. The pyrolysis process was divided into five stages: drying and gas desorption, oil volatilization, main pyrolysis,
semi-coke charring, and mineral decomposition. The main reaction temperatures ranged from 497.6 K to 753.2 K. The products
were mainly composed of pairs of alkane and alkene (carbon number ranges from 1 to 27). The mechanisms consisted of random
chain scission followed by end chain scission at high temperatures with volatilization occurring during the whole process.
This study is useful not only for the proper design of a pyrolysis system, but also for improving the utilization of liquid
oil products. 相似文献