Recycling sewage sludge into ceramic materials: A review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Huge amounts of unwanted sewage sludge are generated in the process of wastewater treatment, calling for methods to recycle sewage sludges into value-added...     

Environmental effects and risk control of antibiotic resistance genes in the organic solid waste aerobic composting system: A review

• ARGs were detected in livestock manure, sludge, food waste and fermentation dregs. • The succession of microbial community is an important factor affecting ARGs. • Horizontal transfer mechanism of ARGs during composting should be further studied. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been diffusely detected in several kinds of organic solid waste, such as livestock manure, sludge, antibiotic fermentation residues, and food waste, thus attracting great attention. Aerobic composting, which is an effective, harmless treatment method for organic solid waste to promote recycling, has been identified to also aid in ARG reduction. However, the effect of composting in removing ARGs from organic solid waste has recently become controversial. Thus, this article summarizes and reviews the research on ARGs in relation to composting in the past 5 years. ARGs in organic solid waste could spread in different environmental media, including soil and the atmosphere, which could widen environmental risks. However, the conventional composting technology had limited effect on ARGs removal from organic solid waste. Improved composting processes, such as hyperthermophilic temperature composting, could effectively remove ARGs, and the HGT of ARGs and the microbial communities are identified as vital influencing factors. Currently, during the composting process, ARGs were mainly affected by three response pathways, (I) “Microenvironment-ARGs”; (II) “Microenvironment-microorganisms-ARGs”; (III) “Microorganisms-horizontal gene transfer-ARGs”, respectively. Response pathway II had been studied the most which was believed that microbial community was an important factor affecting ARGs. In response pathway III, mainly believed that MGEs played an important role and paid less attention to eARGs. Further research on the role and impact of eARGs in ARGs may be considered in the future. It aims to provide support for further research on environmental risk control of ARGs in organic solid waste.     

Magnetic nanoparticles incorporation into different substrates for dyes and heavy metals removal—A Review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Substantial discharge of hazardous substances, especially dyes and heavy metal ions to the environment, has become a global concern due to...     

百草枯急性暴露对肝细胞L-O2的毒理研究

百草枯(paraquat,PQ)是目前农业生产上使用较为广泛的除草剂,PQ毒性极大,能造成人和动物多器官损伤。因肝脏是主要的受损器官之一,故以肝细胞L-O2为研究对象,探讨PQ急性暴露对肝细胞产生的毒理影响。结果显示在40!640μmol·L~(-1)暴露浓度下作用24 h,PQ显著抑制肝细胞L-O2的增殖活性(P0.01),半抑制浓度(IC50)为263.2μmol·L~(-1)。将肝细胞L-O2暴露于不同浓度的PQ(60、120、180和250μmol·L~(-1)),作用24 h后,与对照组相比,PQ暴露组的活性氧(ROS)累积和细胞凋亡率都表现出明显的浓度依赖性升高(P0.01; P0.05),细胞周期阻滞在S期。Western blot结果显示,除60μmol·L~(-1)外的其他暴露组中活化的胱天蛋白酶9(caspase-9)表达显著上调,Bax和Bcl-2的比值显著增大,提示细胞凋亡机制可能与内源性线粒体通路的激活有关。此外,碳酸酐酶9(CA9) mRNA表达显著升高,提示PQ暴露下可能引起酸性代谢产物出现,对细胞产生酸毒害,但其内在的机制还需进一步研究。     

Morphology,pore size distribution,and nutrient characteristics in biochars under different pyrolysis temperatures and atmospheres

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - To evaluate the agronomic potential of biochar, we prepared a series of biochars using rice straw waste under the limited oxygen cracking condition...     

我国腈纶废水物化预处理方法的研究进展

结合我国腈纶废水的特征,系统归纳了近年来我国腈纶废水常用物化预处理方法的研究进展。物化预处理方法包括内电解法、混凝法、Fenton氧化法、电解法、臭氧氧化法、光催化氧化法、微波法等。这些方法普遍存在高成本、高能耗、实际运行费用大等问题。对未来物化预处理方法的研究方向提出了建议。最后指出,腈纶废水的处理应朝着节能高效和资源化的方向发展,推动我国腈纶废水处理技术的不断进步和完善。     

Comprehensive utilization of residues of Magnolia officinalis based on fiber characteristics

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The traditional Chinese medicinal plant Magnolia officinalis has a wide range of applications; including more than 200 kinds of patented Chinese...     

Diffusive gradients in thin films using molecularly imprinted polymer binding gels for in situ measurements of antibiotics in urban wastewaters

• Selective molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) binding gel was prepared. • MIP-DGT showed excellent uptake performance for antibiotics. • In situ measurement of antibiotics in wastewaters via MIP-DGT was developed. • The MIP-DGT method was robust, reliable, and highly sensitive. Urban wastewater is one of main sources for the introduction of antibiotics into the environment. Monitoring the concentrations of antibiotics in wastewater is necessary for estimating the amount of antibiotics discharged into the environment through urban wastewater treatment systems. In this study, we report a novel diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) method based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for in situ measurement of two typical antibiotics, fluoroquinolones (FQs) and sulfonamides (SAs) in urban wastewater. MIPs show specific adsorption toward their templates and their structural analogs, resulting in the selective uptake of the two target antibiotics during MIP-DGT deployment. The uptake performance of the MIP-DGTs was evaluated in the laboratory and was relatively independent of solution pH (4.0–9.0), ionic strength (1–750 mmol/L), and dissolved organic matter (DOM, 0–20 mg/L). MIP-DGT samplers were tested in the effluent of an urban wastewater treatment plant for field trials, where three SA (sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, and trimethoprim) and one FQ (ofloxacin) antibiotics were detected, with concentrations ranging from 25.50 to 117.58 ng/L, which are consistent with the results measured by grab sampling. The total removal efficiency of the antibiotics was 80.1% by the treatment plant. This study demonstrates that MIP-DGT is an effective tool for in situ monitoring of trace antibiotics in complex urban wastewaters.     

The toxicity of cadmium ion (Cd2+) to phycocyanin: an in vitro spectroscopic study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The pollution of heavy metals is a severer problem for the ecosystems in waters. The toxicity of Cd2+ on phycocyanin (PC) is studied in molecular...     

Manganese-modified biochar for highly efficient sorption of cadmium

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, corn stalk was modified by manganese (Mn) before (MBC1) and after (MBC2) pyrolysis at different temperatures (400~600 °C)...