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1.
研究基于郑州与福州两地区GNIP(1985—1992年)大气降水同位素资料,对其大气降水同位素的季节变化以及环境因子进行比较分析。结果表明,郑州地区较福州地区季节变化明显,且两地区与温度和降水量均呈现负相关关系;根据两地区大气降水线方程得出,福州地区大气降水线方程斜率和截距大于郑州地区;两地区的d-excess值夏季高,冬季低;福州地区受台风影响,两地区降水量差别较大导致降水量在决定两地区月加权平均d-excess值时,福州地区整体比郑州地区偏大;采用MeteoInfo软件,并利用由美国国家大气研究中心所提供的气象资料,对两地区气团轨迹进行后向模拟,比较分析得出:郑州地区在夏季大部分水汽来自南海,春季、秋季和冬季的水汽均来自北方大陆;福州地区在夏季的水汽全部水汽来自低纬度的海洋,而春季、秋季和冬季的水汽仅有少部份来自北方大陆。  相似文献   
2.
采用一锅水热合成法制备Fe掺杂Bi2MoO6光催化剂,对Bi2MoO6的主体结构进行修饰和调整.在可见光LED照射下,利用合成的Fe-Bi2MoO6催化剂活化过一硫酸盐(PMS,peroxymonosulfate,oxone)对偶氮染料橙黄Ⅱ进行光催化降解.采用X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)对催化剂的形貌微观结构和化学价态进行表征,并应用在光催化活化PMS降解橙黄Ⅱ的过程中.结果表明,催化剂投加量为0.4 g/L,PMS投加量为0.4 mmoL/L,初始pH值接近中性条件下,Fe-Bi2MoO6材料对橙黄Ⅱ的去除率可以达到100%.经过Fe掺杂后,Fe取代一部分的Bi3+,致使主体晶格出现畸变,不仅有利于光生电子和空穴的产生、分离和转移,还增强了 Bi2MoO6的光催化活性.Fe-Bi2MoO6光催化剂经重复使用5次后对橙黄Ⅱ的降解率仍然可以达到89.1%以上,具有优秀的光催化稳定性能.活性自由基的出现在光催化降解过程中起到主要作用,由此展示出一种潜在的光催化降解机制,且Fe掺杂Bi2MoO6比单纯Bi2MoO6具有更好的光催化降解稳定性.  相似文献   
3.
• Aerosol transmission is an indispensable route of COVID-19 spread. • Different outbreak sites have different epidemiologic feature. • SRAS-CoV-2 can exist for a long time in aerosol. • SRAS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in aerosol in diverse places. • Some environmental factors can impact SARS-CoV-2 transportation in aerosol. Patients with COVID-19 have revealed a massive outbreak around the world, leading to widespread concerns in global scope. Figuring out the transmission route of COVID-19 is necessary to control further spread. We analyzed the data of 43 patients in Baodi Department Store (China) to supplement the transmission route and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in a cluster outbreak. Incubation median was estimated to endure 5.95 days (2–13 days). Almost 76.3% of patients sought medical attention immediately upon illness onset. The median period of illness onset to hospitalization and confirmation were 3.96 days (0–14) and 5.58 days (1–21), respectively. Patients with different cluster case could demonstrate unique epidemiological characteristics due to the particularity of outbreak sites. SRAS-CoV-2 can be released into the surrounding air through patient’s respiratory tract activities, and can exist for a long time for long-distance transportation. SRAS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in aerosol in different sites, including isolation ward, general ward, outdoor, toilet, hallway, and crowded public area. Environmental factors influencing were analyzed and indicated that the SARS-CoV-2 transportation in aerosol was dependent on temperature, air humidity, ventilation rate and inactivating chemicals (ozone) content. As for the infection route of case numbers 2 to 6, 10, 13, 16, 17, 18, 20 and 23, we believe that aerosol transmission played a significant role in analyzing their exposure history and environmental conditions in Baodi Department Store. Aerosol transmission could occur in some cluster cases when the environmental factors are suitable, and it is an indispensable route of COVID-19 spread.  相似文献   
4.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Growing environmental pressure urges China to develop in a sustainable and low carbon way, and thus China strives to achieve a carbon peak by 2030 and...  相似文献   
5.
Atmospheric oxidizing capacity (AOC) is an essential driving force of troposphere chemistry and self-cleaning, but the definition of AOC and its quantitative representation remain uncertain. Driven by national demand for air pollution control in recent years, Chinese scholars have carried out studies on theories of atmospheric chemistry and have made considerable progress in AOC research. This paper will give a brief review of these developments. First, AOC indexes were established that represent apparent atmospheric oxidizing ability (AOIe) and potential atmospheric oxidizing ability (AOIp) based on aspects of macrothermodynamics and microdynamics, respectively. A closed study refined the quantitative contributions of heterogeneous chemistry to AOC in Beijing, and these AOC methods were further applied in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and key areas across the country. In addition, the detection of ground or vertical profiles for atmospheric OH·, HO2·, NO3· radicals and reservoir molecules can now be obtained with domestic instruments in diverse environments. Moreover, laboratory smoke chamber simulations revealed heterogeneous processes involving reactions of O3 and NO2, which are typical oxidants in the surface/interface atmosphere, and the evolutionary and budgetary implications of atmospheric oxidants reacting under multispecies, multiphase and multi-interface conditions were obtained. Finally, based on the GRAPES-CUACE adjoint model improved by Chinese scholars, simulations of key substances affecting atmospheric oxidation and secondary organic and inorganic aerosol formation have been optimized. Normalized numerical simulations of AOIe and AOIp were performed, and regional coordination of AOC was adjusted. An optimized plan for controlling O3 and PM2.5 was analyzed by scenario simulation.  相似文献   
6.
Because of the recent growth in ground-level ozone and increased emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), VOC emission control has become a major concern in China. In response, emission caps to control VOC have been stipulated in recent policies, but few of them were constrained by the co-control target of PM2.5 and ozone, and discussed the factor that influence the emission cap formulation. Herein, we proposed a framework for quantification of VOC emission caps constrained by targets for PM2.5 and ozone via a new response surface modeling (RSM) technique, achieving 50% computational cost savings of the quantification. In the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, the VOC emission caps constrained by air quality targets varied greatly with the NOx emission reduction level. If control measures in the surrounding areas of the PRD region were not considered, there could be two feasible strategies for VOC emission caps to meet air quality targets (160 µg/m3 for the maximum 8-hr-average 90th-percentile (MDA8-90%) ozone and 25 µg/m3 for the annual average of PM2.5): a moderate VOC emission cap with <20% NOx emission reductions or a notable VOC emission cap with >60% NOx emission reductions. If the ozone concentration target were reduced to 155 µg/m3, deep NOx emission reductions is the only feasible ozone control measure in PRD. Optimization of seasonal VOC emission caps based on the Monte Carlo simulation could allow us to gain higher ozone benefits or greater VOC emission reductions. If VOC emissions were further reduced in autumn, MDA8-90% ozone could be lowered by 0.3-1.5 µg/m3, equaling the ozone benefits of 10% VOC emission reduction measures. The method for VOC emission cap quantification and optimization proposed in this study could provide scientific guidance for coordinated control of regional PM2.5 and O3 pollution in China.  相似文献   
7.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this study was to analyze dispersion behavior characteristics and pollution hazard risk after a release of liquid chlorine. A full-scale...  相似文献   
8.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The international community has generally recognized the key role of developing countries’ cities in reducing carbon emissions, an elemental way...  相似文献   
9.
不同结构的亲水性离子液体双水相萃取铜   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
高欣  范理波  邓芸  阮文权 《环境化学》2020,39(12):3504-3510
  相似文献   
10.
随着浙江"五水共治"工作的深化,宁波作为浙江"五水共治"的中坚力量,始终把"五水共治"作为全市工作的首要任务和突破重点。自1999年进行清淤后,月湖水质得到短期改善,然而治标不治本的治理措施,并没有让月湖水质得到根本改善。因此,对月湖进行科学有效的生态修复,针对性地处理水污染问题,使之重新焕发活力具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   
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