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1.
Nicole Shumway Megan I. Saunders Sam Nicol Richard A. Fuller Noam Ben-Moshe Takuya Iwamura Sun W. Kim Nicholas J. Murray James E. M. Watson Martine Maron 《Conservation biology》2023,37(2):e14031
Biodiversity offsets aim to counterbalance the residual impacts of development on species and ecosystems. Guidance documents explicitly recommend that biodiversity offset actions be located close to the location of impact because of higher potential for similar ecological conditions, but allowing greater spatial flexibility has been proposed. We examined the circumstances under which offsets distant from the impact location could be more likely to achieve no net loss or provide better ecological outcomes than offsets close to the impact area. We applied a graphical model for migratory shorebirds in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway as a case study to explore the problems that arise when incorporating spatial flexibility into offset planning. Spatially flexible offsets may alleviate impacts more effectively than local offsets; however, the risks involved can be substantial. For our case study, there were inadequate data to make robust conclusions about the effectiveness and equivalence of distant habitat-based offsets for migratory shorebirds. Decisions around offset placement should be driven by the potential to achieve equivalent ecological outcomes; however, when considering more distant offsets, there is a need to evaluate the likely increased risks alongside the potential benefits. Although spatially flexible offsets have the potential to provide more cost-effective biodiversity outcomes and more cobenefits, our case study showed the difficulty of demonstrating these benefits in practice and the potential risks that need to be considered to ensure effective offset placement. 相似文献
2.
Zhiguo Cao Qiaoying Chen Xiaoying Wang Yajie Zhang Shihua Wang Mengmeng Wang Leicheng Zhao Guangxuan Yan Xin Zhang Ziyang Zhang Tianfang Yang Mohai Shen Jianhui Sun 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2018,40(6):2441-2452
Concentrations of eight trace metals (TMs) in road dust (RD) (particles?<?25 μm) from urban areas of Xinxiang, China, were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The geometric mean concentrations of Zn, Mn, Pb, As, Cu, Cr, Ni and Cd were 489, 350, 114, 101, 60.0, 39.7, 31.6, and 5.1 mg kg?1, respectively. When compared with TM levels in background soil, the samples generally display elevated TM concentrations, except for Cr and Mn, and for Cd the enrichment value was 69.6. Spatial variations indicated TMs in RD from park path would have similar sources with main roads, collector streets and bypasses. Average daily exposure doses of the studied TMs were about three orders of magnitude higher for hand-to-mouth ingestion than dermal contact, and the exposure doses for children were 9.33 times higher than that for adults. The decreasing trend of calculated hazard indexes (HI) for the eight elements was As?>?Pb?>?Cr?>?Mn?>?Cd?>?Zn?>?Ni?>?Cu for both children and adults. 相似文献
3.
Siyuan Bi Zhanrui Huang Fanghong Nie Xiaobo Wang Lijun Sun 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(5):416-423
T-2 toxin (T-2), one of the naturally occurring mycotoxins, often accumulates in aquatic animals from contaminated feed. Shrimp (n?=?30 per group) were fed with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.5, 4.5 and 13.5?mg kg?1) of T-2 for 20?days. Changes in histopathology, fatty acid and water distribution of shrimp muscle were analyzed. Histopathology of shrimp muscle showed dose-dependent marked degenerative and necrotic changes on exposure to dietary T-2. The T-2 significantly (P?<?0.05) affected the muscle fatty acid composition. ∑SFA, ∑MUFA and ∑PUFA initially decreased and then increased slowly in the high-dosed groups. C16:0, C18:1n-9 and C18:2n-6 were the main saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), respectively. Also, T-2 significantly affected water distribution in shrimp muscle. High doses of T-2 reduced free water content, resulting in a reduction in the water holding capacity and hence changes to the shrimp muscle quality. Collectively, these results illustrated that T-2 significantly affects the fatty acid and water distribution, and also muscle histopathology, all of which would result in a reduction in the quality and nutritional value of shrimp. 相似文献
4.
Cao Yanmei Li Zhe Ji Wei Ma Meng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(23):29467-29483
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aerodynamic noise around the high-speed railway bridge is studied by the train-bridge-flow field numerical model and theory analysis. With the... 相似文献
5.
Zhuqiu Sun Bairen Yang Marvin Yeung Jinying Xi 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(2):17
6.
Chang Xiaoqiang Chen Xingyu Zhang Shuaichen Lu Sixian Zhao Yifan Zhang Dong Yang Lan Ma Yue Sun Peng 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(2):681-687
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Branched allylic sulfones are scaffolds widely distributed in bioactive molecules and organic functional materials. The synthesis of allylic sulfones has been... 相似文献
7.
Fu Li Chen Yi Yang Xinyi Yang Zuyao Liu Sha Pei Lei Feng Baixiang Cao Ganxiang Liu Xin Lin Hualiang Li Xing Ye Yufeng Zhang Bo Sun Jiufeng Xu Xiaojun Liu Tao Ma Wenjun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(20):20137-20147
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fetal growth has been demonstrated to be an important predictor of perinatal and postnatal health. Although the effects of maternal exposure to air... 相似文献
8.
采用溶胶-凝胶法,在聚苯乙烯(PS)/CdS核壳纳米颗粒表面包覆致密TiO_2层,制备出具有双壳层结构的PS/CdS/TiO_2纳米复合颗粒,考察了制备条件对材料结构的影响,并利用甲基橙溶液对其光催化性能进行了评价。SEM、TEM、XRD和FTIR分析结果表明,制得的微球单分散性良好,壳层包覆完整,厚度均匀。PS/CdS/TiO_2制备的适宜反应时间为12~18 h,适宜反应pH为7~9。PS/CdS/TiO_2较PS/CdS具有更为优异的可见光催化性能。 相似文献
9.
传统的角度偏差经验值方法导致落物风险评价过程中的落点和危险区预测存在较大误差,科学化、立体化、完整化、多因素概化的落物轨迹和落点分析方法及工具缺位。为此,以海洋平台圆柱体落物为研究对象开展先导研究,在2D运动理论模型基础上,考虑3维、6度受力与运动参数,引入粘性拖曳力系数经验公式、海流运动、旋转升力和力矩项,建立了具有普适性的落物水下3D运动轨迹预测模型,并以现场实验数据校验表明模型方法可行、结果更可信;据此以Matlab 2016为程序设计平台编制了海洋平台圆柱体坠落运动预测分析工具(MREDP),分析了坠落运动落点分布规律。研究结果表明:随着初始倾斜角度的增大,落点偏移距离呈现先增后降的趋势,于62°时达到最大值,运动轨迹整体呈现螺线曲率减小、向轨迹曲线外开口侧偏移趋势;落点分布变化可分为Y轴偏移稳定主导阶段、X轴偏移实力型快速主导阶段和X轴偏移机会型主导阶段3个阶段;相对MREDP预测结果,DNVGL-RP-F107经验性角度偏差推荐结果较为保守,MREDP可为DNVGL-RP-F107提供更加准确、可信的轨迹曲线和落点取值。基于分析结果,提出了采用Monte Carlo方法表征实际工程中起始运动参数随机性和入水撞击产生的不确定性等建议。 相似文献
10.
Mingming Deng Alan H. S. Chan Feng Wu Linyan Sun 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2018,24(3):450-456
To explore the relationships between human factors and accident proneness of coal mine workers, the depth perception, dark adaptation and vigilance abilities of 239 Chinese coal mine workers were tested and their accident proneness was surveyed with an accident proneness questionnaire. The results indicated that dark adaptation and vigilance abilities of the mine workers declined with increasing age. Vigilance had a significant negative relationship with accident proneness. There were significant differences in vigilance between coal mine workers doing different types of work. Individual difference in vigilance was relevant to the type of work that an individual did in a coal mine. The dark adaptation index had a significant positive relationship with accident proneness. Coal mine workers with weaker dark adaptation ability were also more accident prone. Some ergonomics recommendations concerning coal mine safety management in China are proposed. 相似文献