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Carbon Sequestration by Carbonization of Biomass and Forestation: Three Case Studies 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Makoto Ogawa Yasuyuki Okimori Fumio Takahashi 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2006,11(2):421-436
We proposed the carbon sink project called “Carbon Sequestration by Forestation and Carbonization (CFC),” which involves biomass
utilization and land conservation by incorporating the products of biomass carbonization into the agents for soil improvement,
water purification, etc. Our purpose was to demonstrate the potential of the CFC scheme for carbon sequestration, particularly
carbon storage in soil. Case studies were conducted in both developing and developed countries. 1. In southern Sumatra, Indonesia,
88,369 Mg-C year−1 of wood residue from a plantation forest and excess bark from a pulp mill would be converted into 15,571 Mg-C year−1 of the net carbon sink by biochar for soil improvement. The fixed carbon recovery of the system is 21.0%. 2. In a semiarid
region in western Australia, the carbonization of wood residue was incorporated with multipurpose projects of a mallee eucalyptus
plantation that involved the function of salinity prevention. During the project period of 35 years, the total carbon sink
would reach 1,035,450 Mg-C with 14.0% by aboveground biomass, 33.1% by belowground biomass and 52.8% by biochar in soil. 3.
In southern Kyushu, Japan, the study was focused on the effective use of surplus heat from a garbage incinerator for carbonizing
woody materials. Sawdust of 936.0 Mg-C year−1 would be converted into the net carbon sink of 298.5 Mg-C year−1 by carbonization, with the fixed carbon recovery of the system being 31.9%. Consequently, the CFC project could encourage
the creation of a carbon sink in soil. However, we recognize that the quality standard of biochar, the stability of biochar
in soil, and the methods for monitoring biochar utilization must be clarified before incorporating biochar carbon into the
carbon credit system.
Throughout this article (except for diagrams and in citation details) carbonized biomass is, with the authors'agreement, called
‘biochar’ in lieu of the commonly used but misleading word ‘charcoal’ (Editor). 相似文献
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Potential of Co2 emission reductions by carbonizing biomass waste from industrial tree plantation in South Sumatra,Indonesia 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
Okimori Yasuyuki Ogawa Makoto Takahashi Fumio 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2003,8(3):261-280
Approximately half of the carbon in trees can be fixed to charcoal by carbonization. Porous charcoal is useful as a soil amendment
for crop fields and forests, and also as a water purifying agent. Given these facts, charcoal production should be recognized
as one of the most promising CO2 sequestration methods. A project on biomass utilization and forest conservation is proposed as a Clean Development Mechanism
(CDM) project, by incorporating the carbonization of biomass residue and waste from tree plantations and pulp mills, and also
the utilization of carbon products in various fields. A feasibility study was conducted with the existing project of an industrial
tree plantation and pulp production in Indonesia. If conventional charcoal-making methods are used, a total of 368,000 t yr-1 of biomass residue and waste could be transformed into charcoal of77,000 t yr-1, and the carbon emission reductions by the project reaches 62,000t-C yr-1 (or 230,000 t-CO2yr-1) in consideration of the project baseline. This charcoal project could provide jobs for approximately 2,600people. The soil
fertility in man-made forests could be maintained by returning charcoal to the original forests. Therefore, the project would
be beneficial to the regional economy. In addition, the present charcoal project is expected to give more positive impacts
than negative ones, or leakage, beyond the project boundary.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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