基于神经网络的温度预测

室内温度与诸多影响因素之间的非线性、复杂性等关系 ,给建模、预测带来了难度 ,引入了人工神经网络 ;利用人工神经网络的非线性、并行计算和自学习特性进行建模 ,实现了对温度模拟     

环境民事法律责任与环境损害赔偿

环境民事责任是环境法律责任的一种形式,是解决和处理环境损害赔偿中重要的法律依据。     

环境约束下牧区人口和种群持续增长模型研究

利用多元统计分析方法,对青海湖地区历年人口和种群的统计数据进行分析,并建立在环境约束下人口和种群持续增长模型,对区域人口适度规模、畜群最大环境容纳量和最大持续产量进行了估算和分析。通过估算得出:青海湖地区牦牛环境容纳量为51.9327万头,最大可持续产量为12.9831万头;藏羊环境容纳量为231.203万只,最大可持续产量为57.8007万只。在此分析的基础上,利用建立的相关模型以5a为时间段对青海湖地区未来25a的人口和牲畜数量进行了预测。最后,针对性地提出了大力改善草地生态环境、提高草地利用率和增加草地面积、采取人为措施调节牲畜出栏率、改变草畜生态环境等高原牧区人口、资源与环境可持续发展的对策。     

从英国锅壳锅炉标准BS2790发展史得到的启迪

本文详细介绍了英国锅壳锅炉标准(BS2790)从1956年颁布第一版至1992年的第七版,其间的演变、发展的过程。从中观察出他们编制标准的原则:哪些是不变的,哪些是随着生产、科研的发展而变化。     

Dynamic Changes and Optimal Allocation of Arable Land Conversion in Transition of Jiangsu province

With the rapid development of economy and urbanization, there is more need for land, and that the arable land faces the paradox of allocation in the agricultural sector and nonagricultural sector. How to optimally allocate land in the agricultural sector and nonagricultural sector has become an important issue. This article tries to analyze the change of arable land in Jiangsu, and then uses the MAC model to get the optimal amount of arable land that can be changed, so that we can make a deadline for protecting the arable land and come up with a method for optimal allocation.     

江苏省自然资源核算及对GDP的修正—以水、大气资源为例

传统国民经济核算体系对资源环境的忽视是造成当今资源环境问题的主要经济学原因,对江苏省自然资源（以水、大气资源为例）核算的结果表明,以GDP为主要衡量指标的传统国民经济核算体系过高地估计了江苏经济增长水平,江苏经济增长存在着较为严重的环境负债,以经资源环境调整的绿色GDP（或称EDP）取代传统GDP,构建可持续发展衡量指标与核算体系,应是目前可持续发展工作的关键。     

我国开发区土地资源配置效率的区域差异研究

应用比较优势理论，以国家级53个经济技术开发区为例。研究了不同区域间开发区土地利用的比较优势。结果表明。按照区域土地利用的比较优势来配置土地资源能够提高土地利用的总福利水平。整体上．中西部国家级开发区的比较优势高于东部地区：而区域内部东部地区的京津苏沪及中西部地区的中心城市在开发区建设用地的利用上具有比较优势。因此，按照开发区土地利用的比较优势度计算结果，在排除开发区自身发育不完善和管理层面因素后，对于确实不适宜进行开发区工业建设的应进行空间布局的调整，恢复其农业生产；而对于比较优势度较高的地区可根据实际需要增设相应的开发区。以实现耕地保护与开发区建设的双赢。     

Institutions,policies and soil degradation: theoretical examinations and case studies in Southeast China

Abstract

Southeast China is one of the severe soil degradation areas in China. This paper theoretically examines the impact of some important institutional arrangements and policies, like land management pattern, the rural off-farm employment, land property change and changes in prices of agricultural products, on soil degradation in this area. It further conducts some case studies to confirm the potential relationship between the institutions & policies and soil degradation, applying the surveyed and the second hand data. The paper at last makes some conclusions and proposes some suggestions on how to promote soil conservation by improving the ways of policy decision-making and the effects of policies on land use.     

Driving mechanism and boundary control of urban sprawl

Since the reform and opening-up, China’s economy has achieved remarkable development and so does the urbanization. However, there is an unavoidable contradiction between urban sprawl and the protection of arable land and the environment. By redefining the urban sprawl boundary, this paper is to provide a solution for the conflict above on the China’s urbanization context. The ideal boundary, moderate boundary and limit boundary are defined for urban sprawl in space. Taking Nanjing city as a case, the three urban sprawl boundaries are estimated in this paper based on the calculation of agricultural land resources value in Nanjing. The results show that 1) the integrated value of agricultural (cultivated) land resources in Nanjing is 1.55 × 10⁷ CNY·hm⁻², the economic value accounts for only 8.74% of the integrated value, while 91.26% of the integrated value has not revealed itself due to the existing institutional arrangements, policy distortions, and imperfect land market; 2) it is difficult to define the ideal and moderate boundaries due to the relatively low price of North Nanjing. In South Nanjing the land price is expensive and the ideal, moderate and limit boundaries are expanded to Jiangning, Qixia, and Yuhuatai; 3) the city scale of South Nanjing should be limited within 5.82 × 10⁴ hm², which is roughly the same as the designated size of 5.81 × 10⁴ hm² in the urban planning. It is suggested that the rational scope of urban expansion should be controlled within the moderate boundary.     

区域农业资源开发与可持续发展——以江苏为例

我国系典型的人多地少国家,自然资源特别是农业资源对经济高速发展的支持能力相当薄弱,农业资源开发社会经济可持续发展中起着十分重要的作用。以江苏为例,探讨了农业资源开发与区域共同发展,经济国际化及科教兴省等战略实施之间的关系,对该区域主要农业资源开发前景进行分析,在此基础上提出了可持续发展战略下农业资源开发的途径与措施。