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排序方式: 共有98条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
One hundred forty seven samples of bovine milk were collected from 14 districts of Haryana, India during December 1998–February
1999 and analysed for the presence of organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues. ∑HCH, ∑DDT, ∑endosulfan and aldrin were detected
in 100%, 97%, 43% and 12% samples and with mean values of 0.0292, 0.0367, 0.0022 and 0.0036 μg/ml, respectively. Eight percent
samples exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 0.10 mg/kg as recommended by WHO for ∑HCH, 4% samples of 0.05 mg/kg for
α-HCH, 5% samples of 0.01 mg/kg for γ-HCH, 26% samples of 0.02 mg/kg for β-HCH as recommended by PFAA and 24% samples of 0.05 mg/kg
as recommended by FAO for ∑DDT. Concentrations of β-HCH and p,p′-DDE were more as compared to other isomers and metabolites
of HCH and DDT. 相似文献
2.
Monitoring of airborne dust in Delhi during May to July 1985 revealed residues of DDT varying from 1.3 to 7.14 ng mg(-1) (4.06-22.31 ng m(-2) day(-1)) with an average of 3.32 ng mg(-1) (10.38 ng m(-2) day(-1)), and HCH which ranged from 0.46 to 2.35 ng mg(-1) (1.44-7.34 ng m(-2) day(-1)) with a mean of 1.16 ng mg(-1) (3.63 ng m(-2) day(-1)). The concentration of total DDT was almost 3 times greater than that of HCH. 相似文献
3.
Ravindra K Ameena Meenakshi Monika Rani Kaushik A 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2003,5(3):419-426
Various physico-chemical characteristics of the River Yamuna flowing in Haryana through Delhi were studied in the summer (April 1998) and winter (Jan.-Feb. 1999). Ecological parameters like dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, nitrate (NO3-), sulfate (SO4(2-)), and phosphate (PO4(3-)), were analyzed and compared with standard permissible limits to assess the best-designated use of the river water for various purposes. The river in Delhi upstream was of better quality whereas the Delhi downstream stretch was polluted as indicated by very low DO and high total dissolved solids (TDS), electric conductivity (EC), total hardness, Na+, K+, Cl-, F- and SO4(2-). The differences in various parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.01) when compared for the Delhi upstream and downstream stretches of the river, particularly in summer. DO and TDS were found to be two important parameters, which showed strong correlation with several other parameters and hence can serve as good indices of river water quality. The river tended to recover from the pollution stress after flowing through a distance of about 80 km downstream of Delhi. 相似文献
4.
Rupali Sabale T. P. Ahammed Shabeer Sagar C. Utture Kaushik Banerjee Manjusha R. Jadhav Dasharath P. Oulkar Pandurang G. Adsule Madhukar B. Deshmukh 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(4):2369-2374
A field dissipation study was conducted to evaluate the pre-harvest interval (PHI) and processing factor (PF) for kresoxim methyl (Ergon 44.3 SC) residues in grapes and during raisin making process at recommended dose (RD) and double the recommended dose (DRD). Kresoxim methyl residues dissipated following 1st-order kinetics with a half-life of 10 and 18 days at RD and DRD, respectively. The PHIs with respect to the European Union maximum residue limit (EU-MRL) of 1 mg kg?1 for grapes were 13 and 30 days at RD and DRD, respectively. The degradation data during grape to raisin making process were best fitted to nonlinear 1st?+?1st-order kinetics with a half-life ranging between 4 and 8 days for both shade drying and with raisin dryer at different doses. The PFs were 1.19 and 1.24 with shade drying and 1.09 and 1.10 with raisin dryer, respectively, which indicates concentration of the residues during raisin making process. The dietary exposure of kresoxim methyl on each sampling day was less than the respective maximum permissible intake both at RD and DRD. The residues of kresoxim methyl in market samples of grapes and raisins were well below the EU-MRL and were also devoid of any risk of acute toxicity related to dietary exposure. 相似文献
5.
Kaushik Lav Kumar Mahalingam Arun Kumar Palanisamy Muthukumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(10):12168-12177
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this paper, the combustion characteristics of biogas in a Porous Radiant Burner (PRBBG) designed for domestic cooking appliances are presented.... 相似文献
6.
Malyan Sandeep K. Bhatia Arti Tomer Ritu Harit Ramesh Chand Jain Niveta Bhowmik Arpan Kaushik Rajeev 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(37):51425-51439
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Irrigated transplanted flooded rice is a major source of methane (CH4) emission. We carried out experiments for 2 years in irrigated flooded rice to... 相似文献
7.
Sara P. Bombaci Cooper M. Farr H. Travis Gallo Anna M. Mangan Lani T. Stinson Monica Kaushik Liba Pejchar 《Conservation biology》2016,30(1):216-225
Scientists are increasingly using Twitter as a tool for communicating science. Twitter can promote scholarly discussion, disseminate research rapidly, and extend and diversify the scope of audiences reached. However, scientists also caution that if Twitter does not accurately convey science due to the inherent brevity of this media, misinformation could cascade quickly through social media. Data on whether Twitter effectively communicates conservation science and the types of user groups receiving these tweets are lacking. To address these knowledge gaps, we examined live tweeting as a means of communicating conservation science at the 2013 International Congress for Conservation Biology (ICCB). We quantified and compared the user groups sending and reading live tweets. We also surveyed presenters to determine their intended audiences, which we compared with the actual audiences reached through live tweeting. We also asked presenters how effectively tweets conveyed their research findings. Twitter reached 14 more professional audience categories relative to those attending and live tweeting at ICCB. However, the groups often reached through live tweeting were not the presenters’ intended audiences. Policy makers and government and non‐governmental organizations were rarely reached (0%, 4%, and 6% of audience, respectively), despite the intent of the presenters. Plenary talks were tweeted about 6.9 times more than all other oral or poster presentations combined. Over half the presenters believed the tweets about their talks were effective. Ineffective tweets were perceived as vague or missing the presenters’ main message. We recommend that presenters who want their science to be communicated accurately and broadly through Twitter should provide Twitter‐friendly summaries that incorporate relevant hashtags and usernames. Our results suggest that Twitter can be used to effectively communicate speakers’ findings to diverse audiences beyond conference walls. 相似文献
8.
An air quality sampling program was designed and implemented to collect the baseline concentrations of respirable suspended
particulates (RSP = PM10), non-respirable suspended particulates (NRSP) and fine suspended particulates (FSP = PM2.5). Over a three-week period, a 24-h average concentrations were calculated from the samples collected at an industrial site
in Southern Delhi and compared to datasets collected in Satna by Envirotech Limited, Okhla, Delhi in order to establish the
characteristic difference in emission patterns. PM2.5, PM10, and total suspended particulates (TSP) concentrations at Satna were 20.5 ± 6.0, 102.1 ± 41.1, and 387.6 ± 222.4 μg m−3 and at Delhi were 126.7 ± 28.6, 268.6 ± 39.1, and 687.7 ± 117.4 μg m−3. Values at Delhi were well above the standard limit for 24-h PM2.5 United States National Ambient Air Quality Standards (USNAAQS; 65 μg m−3), while values at Satna were under the standard limit. Results were compared with various worldwide studies. These comparisons
suggest an immediate need for the promulgation of new PM2.5 standards. The position of PM10 in Delhi is drastic and needs an immediate attention. PM10 levels at Delhi were also well above the standard limit for 24-h PM10 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS; 150 μg m−3), while levels at Satna remained under the standard limit. PM2.5/PM10 values were also calculated to determine PM2.5 contribution. At Satna, PM2.5 contribution to PM10 was only 20% compared to 47% in Delhi. TSP values at Delhi were well above, while TSP values at Satna were under, the standard
limit for 24-h TSP NAAQS (500 μg m−3). At Satna, the PM10 contribution to TSP was only 26% compared to 39% in Delhi. The correlation between PM10, PM2.5, and TSP were also calculated in order to gain an insight to their sources. Both in Satna and in Delhi, none of the sources
was dominant a varied pattern of emissions was obtained, showing the presence of heterogeneous emission density and that nonrespirable
suspended particulate (NRSP) formed the greatest part of the particulate load. 相似文献
9.
Patel TM Chheda H Baheti A Patel P Nath K 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,19(7):2994-3004
Background and purpose
Besides the opportunities for reuse, stringent regulations and growing public awareness demand an enhanced quality of effluent from dye industries. Treatment of an aqueous solution of dye (reactive red 198) was carried out in a nanofiltration unit using both flat sheet and spiral wound modules to obtain a comparative performance evaluation in terms of permeate flux and quality.Methods
Hydrophilized polyamide membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 150 was used for the experiments. Effects of trans-membrane pressure (TMP), feed concentration and addition of salt on permeate flux were investigated. Percent reduction of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solid (TDS), and conductivity were determined to assess performance of the membrane.Results
The maximum flux decline was 16.1% of its initial value at 490 kPa TMP with 50 ppm feed concentration in spiral wound module, whereas the same in flat sheet under same conditions was 7.2%. The effect of TMP showed a quasi-linear increase in flux with increasing pressure. Increased permeate concentration led to the reduction in observed retention of dye in the membrane. The average reduction in color, COD, and TDS were 96.88%, 97.38%, and 89.24%, respectively. The decline in permeate flux was more in case of spiral wound module compared to flat sheet. However, spiral wound module performed better in terms of color removal, COD reduction, and TDS removal.Conclusion
Substantial removal of color was achieved in the nanofiltration experiments with a marked reduction in COD and TDS. The process allowed the production of permeate stream with great reutilization possibilities. 相似文献10.
Metribuzin (4-amino-6-tert-butyl-4,5-dihydro-3-methylthio-1,2,4-triazin-5-one), is weakly sorbed to soil therefore, leaches easily to lower soil profiles. Soil amendments play a significant role in the management of leaching losses of pesticides. Therefore, present study reports the effect of organic manure and fly ash amendments on metribuzin downward mobility in sandy loam soil columns. Application of animal manure [T-1(OM) and T-2(OM)] and fly ash [T-1(FA) and T-2(FA)] at 2.5% and 5.0% levels increased the metribuzin retention in the soil. Freundlich constant [K(f)(1/n)] values of metribuzin for treatments T-1(OM) and T-2(OM) were 0.70 and 1.11, respectively, which were significantly higher than the value (0.27) in natural soil (T-0). The respective values for treatments T-1(FA) and T-2(FA) were 1.80 and 4.61. Downward mobility of metribuzin was studied in packed soil columns [300 mm (l)x59 mm (i.d.)]. Both the amendments significantly reduced the downward mobility of metribuzin and affected breakthrough time and maximum concentration of metribuzin in the leachate. Leaching losses of metribuzin were decreased from 97% in natural soil (T-0) column to 64% [T-1(OM)] and 42% [T-2(OM)] for animal manure-amended columns and 26% [T-1(FA)] to 100% [T-2(FA)] for fly ash-amended columns, as metribuzin did not leach out of 5% fly ash-amended column. Study indicates that both animal manure and fly ash were quite effective in reducing the downward mobility of metribuzin in packed soil columns of a sandy loam soil. 相似文献