Dynamics of the Community of Hole-nesting Birds upon Reduction of Industrial Emissions (the Example of the Middle Ural Copper Smelter)

Russian Journal of Ecology - The dynamics of the species richness, breeding density, and structure of the community of birds occupying nest-boxes upon a 50-fold reduction of atmospheric emissions...     

Uptake and concentration of heavy metals in dominant mangrove species from Hainan Island,South China

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - By investigating three dominant mangrove species, namely Aegiceras corniculatum, Kandelia candel, Ceriops tagal and their rhizosediment in Mangrove wetlands...     

丹江湿地国家级自然保护区及其内外区域2000—2015年土地覆被变化分析

为研究2000—2015年丹江湿地国家级自然保护区及其内外生态状况变化和保护成效,基于高分1号数据生产的2m高分辨率遥感影像数据对丹江湿地国家级自然保护区2015年人类活动状况进行分析,基于30 m分辨率的4期TM遥感影像生产的土地覆被数据和基于Modis遥感影像生产的植被覆盖度数据,对淅川县、丹江湿地国家级自然保护区及其核心区的土地覆被状况、土地覆被转类指数及其土地覆被转类途径的主导程度和3个相关区域范围内的生态系统质量以及不同区域土地覆被变化的主要变化原因进行分析。结果表明,保护区核心区的格局和质量在该区域处于最优,且土地覆被变化状况也以核心区转类指数最高;丹江湿地国家级自然保护区内的主要人类活动影响为耕地,其次包括居民点、采石场、养殖场; 15年间,保护区内外土地覆被均呈现转好趋势,但是保护区内变化优于保护区外,保护区核心区优于整个保护区,且转好的主导因素均是耕地变为湿地; 15年间植被覆盖度变化较小。     

薄膜扩散梯度技术在重金属生物有效态监测中的应用

重金属生物有效性是评估重金属元素迁移性、生物可利用性和生态影响的关键参数。薄膜扩散梯度技术(DGT)是一种原位被动采样技术,因其具有原位富集性、形态选择性,可提供被监测物质在监测时间段内的平均浓度等优点,可作为生物对重金属摄取的模拟替代物对环境介质中重金属的生物可利用度进行预测,已被广泛应用于环境介质中重金属生物有效性的测定。研究主要介绍了DGT技术的原理、组成和特点,评述了其近年来在水体、土壤、沉积物中重金属生物有效态应用方面的新进展,提出了DGT技术未来要提高抗生物污染能力及寻找可与DGT技术联用的相关技术的观点。     

Associations between ambient high temperatures and suicide mortality: a multi-city time-series study in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Suicide prevention has become a public health issue of great concern. Previous studies proved that ambient temperature had an impact on suicide death,...     

Quantifying the impact of vegetation-based metrics on species persistence when choosing offsets for habitat destruction

Developers are often required by law to offset environmental impacts through targeted conservation actions. Most offset policies specify metrics for calculating offset requirements, usually by assessing vegetation condition. Despite widespread use, there is little evidence to support the effectiveness of vegetation-based metrics for ensuring biodiversity persistence. We compared long-term impacts of biodiversity offsetting based on area only; vegetation condition only; area × habitat suitability; and condition × habitat suitability in development and restoration simulations for the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. We simulated development and subsequent offsetting through restoration within a virtual landscape, linking simulations to population viability models for 3 species. Habitat gains did not ensure species persistence. No net loss was achieved when performance of offsetting was assessed in terms of amount of habitat restored, but not when outcomes were assessed in terms of persistence. Maintenance of persistence occurred more often when impacts were avoided, giving further support to better enforce the avoidance stage of the mitigation hierarchy. When development affected areas of high habitat quality for species, persistence could not be guaranteed. Therefore, species must be more explicitly accounted for in offsets, rather than just vegetation or habitat alone. Declines due to a failure to account directly for species population dynamics and connectivity overshadowed the benefits delivered by producing large areas of high-quality habitat. Our modeling framework showed that the benefits delivered by offsets are species specific and that simple vegetation-based metrics can give misguided impressions on how well biodiversity offsets achieve no net loss.     

活性炭吸附和两级Fenton氧化组合工艺处理高盐对氨基苯酚生产废水

采用活性炭吸附和两级Fenton氧化组合工艺对高盐度对氨基苯酚生产废水进行了处理实验研究。结果表明,p H值对活性炭去除有机物的影响较小。当活性炭投加量为4 g/L时,TOC去除率61%。分级加药可以有效提高Fenton氧化对有机物的去除效率。在温度为25℃、p H为3、30%H2O2投加量为3%(V/V)、Fe2+/H2O2摩尔比为0.05时,两级Fenton氧化处理后,出水TOC降至150 mg/L以下。此外,Fenton氧化后形成氢氧化铁污泥颗粒粒径为4.5μm,经过聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)絮凝之后,污泥的粒径明显增加,过滤特性改善。PAM絮凝效果依赖于溶液的p H值,当p H超过10后会失去作用,故在使用过程中需要严格控制溶液的p H值。     

利用3S技术动态监测天山草地农业产量及其成因分析

在新疆阜康县大量“天地”资料观测基础上，利用3S(RS、GIS和GPS)技术和生态系统分析方法，对新疆天山草地农业资源进行了系统的动态监测和大面积估产研究。结果表明，该县草地和森林面积1998年比1988年分别下降了17．5％和51．o％，而农业用地面积和沙漠危害面积却分别增加了57．8％和21．2％，实现了利用3s技术系统准确监测新疆阜康县草地农业资源动态变化，其大面积草地遥感估产精度达到75．8％以上。最后，建立了新型PPR估产模型，其估产精度达到81．76％以上，并给出了理论生态成因解释与定量分析结果等。