Preparation of hydrophobic hierarchical pore carbon–silica composite and its adsorption performance toward volatile organic compounds

Carbon–silica materials with hierarchical pores consisting of micropores and mesopores were prepared by introducing nanocarbon microspheres derived from biomass sugar into silica gel channels in a hydrothermal environment.The physicochemical properties of the materials were characterized by nitrogen physical adsorption(BET),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and thermogravimetric(TG),and the adsorption properties of various organic waste gases were investigated.The results showed that microporous carbon materials were introduced successfully into the silica gel channels,thus showing the high adsorption capacity of activated carbon in high humidity organic waste gas,and the high stability and mechanical strength of the silica gel.The dynamic adsorption behavior confirmed that the carbon–silica material had excellent adsorption capacity for different volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Furthermore,the carbon–silica material exhibited excellent desorption characteristics:adsorbed toluene was completely desorbed at 150℃,thereby showing superior regeneration characteristics.Both features were attributed to the formation of hierarchical pores.     

漆酶降解有机污染物的研究进展

文章综述了漆酶的来源及性质、催化氧化机制、催化氧化有机物的作用方式及影响其活性的因素,并分析了其在有机污物染治理方面的应用现状。综合国内外研究现状,开发新型的漆酶磁性纳米固定化材料及构建高效产漆酶基因工程菌是实现漆酶工业化应用的重要研究方向。     

Photocatalytic remediation of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane contaminated soils using TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalyst

TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalysts were prepared and applied in degrading γ-hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH)in soils.After being spiked with γ-HCH,soil samples loaded with the composite photocatalysts were exposed to UV-light irradiation.The results indicated that the photocatalytic activities of the composite photocatalysts varied with the content of TiO2 in the order of 10%＜70%＜50%＜30%.Moreover,the photocatalytic activity of the composite photocatalysts with TiO2 content 30% was higher than that of the pure P25 with the same mass of TiO2.The strong adsorption capacity of the composite photocatalysts and quantum size effect may contribute to its increased photocatalytic activities.In addition,effect of dosage of composite photocatalysts and soil pH on γ-HCH photodegradation was investigated. Pentachlorocyclohexene,trichlorocyclohexene,and dichlorobenzene were detected as photodegradation intermediates,which were gradually degraded with tlle phOtOdegradation evolution.     

关于提高环境统计数据质量方法的探讨

环境统计覆盖面广,牵涉多方面利益。目前,环保部门监管存在缺位、不到位,个体数据错漏较多,同时,部分环保部门在统计工作中弄虚作假,导致汇总结果误差较大。改进核算方法,改变统计是数字汇总的传统观念,通过综合评估,宏观调控,能有效地提高数据质量,可操作性强。     

气浮-生物接触氧化集成技术处理受污染水源水研究

针对受污染水源水,采用气浮-生物接触氧化集成技术进行中试研究,考察各影响因素对污染物去除效果的影响,优化工艺参数和运行条件,并进行了冬季低温运行研究.与现有生化-气浮串联工艺比较,处理受污染原水(NH3-N质量浓度为5～7 mg·L-1),集成装置能取得更好的处理效果,而且具有占地小、能耗低等优点.     

微生物降解洗涤剂直链烷基苯磺酸钠

从微生物生态学和生理学等多角度地介绍了微生物群落对LAS这种非生物源物质的生态适应,以及筛选蒲株降解LAS的能力;研究表明,大多数细菌的降解能力,取决于降解性质粒的存在。筛选菌株以LAS为唯一碳源生长,可高效地去除污水中的LAS。用海藻酸钠固定化的筛选菌株PLesiomonas sp.90-1,还可高效降解100ppm的LAS废水,去除率在90％以上,实现了高浓度LAS废水的好氧处理。     

塘-湿地复合生态系统处理石油化工废水的效能

应用多级塘(厌氧塘,兼性塘,好氧塘和冬季储留塘)-湿地复合生态系统对石油化工废水进行强化处理和利用,处理能力10万m3/d.结果表明,多级塘-湿地复合生态系统在寒冷地区对石油化工废水处理效果良好,最终处理单元芦苇湿地出水的COD、BOD5、TN、NH4+-N、TP和石油类物质的平均值分别可达到75.08,7.51,10.63,5.12,0.5,4.63mg/L.植物生长季节(5～10月),系统对各污染物的去除效果均优于非植物生长季节.系统中的储留塘可实现污水在冬季(11月～翌年5月)的零排放,保证全年处理效果.     

城市土地利用下的植物物种资源特征分析

根据对前联邦德国卡尔斯鲁厄市城市自生植被的调查资料,分析了城市植物区系的特征及其与人类活动影响的关系。结论为：①城市植物区系在优势科组成和生态特征方面与其所在地区自然植被明显不同,并在城市之间表现出较大的相似性；②人类活动和城市热岛效应对城市植物区系及其生态特征的作用明显；③城市土地利用和城市绿地管理对许多物种的生存构成威胁