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排序方式: 共有169条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Jian Liu Peter J. A. Kleinman Helena Aronsson Don Flaten Richard W. McDowell Marianne Bechmann Douglas B. Beegle Timothy P. Robinson Ray B. Bryant Hongbin Liu Andrew N. Sharpley Tamie L. Veith 《Ambio》2018,47(6):657-670
Winter manure application elevates nutrient losses and impairment of water quality as compared to manure applications in other seasons. In conjunction with reviewing global distribution of animal densities, we reviewed worldwide mandatory regulations and voluntary guidelines on efforts to reduce off-site nutrient losses associated with winter manure applications. Most of the developed countries implement regulations or guidelines to restrict winter manure application, which range from a regulative ban to guidelines based upon weather and field management conditions. In contrast, developing countries lack such official directives, despite an increasing animal production industry and concern over water quality. An analysis of five case studies reveals that directives are derived from a common rationale to reduce off-site manure nutrient losses, but they are also affected by local socio-economic and biophysical considerations. Successful programs combine site-specific management strategies along with expansion of manure storage to offer farmers greater flexibility in winter manure management. 相似文献
2.
Karen Hardy Stephen Buckley Matthew J. Collins Almudena Estalrrich Don Brothwell Les Copeland Antonio García-Tabernero Samuel García-Vargas Marco de la Rasilla Carles Lalueza-Fox Rosa Huguet Markus Bastir David Santamaría Marco Madella Julie Wilson ángel Fernández Cortés Antonio Rosas 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2012,99(8):617-626
Neanderthals disappeared sometime between 30,000 and 24,000?years ago. Until recently, Neanderthals were understood to have been predominantly meat-eaters; however, a growing body of evidence suggests their diet also included plants. We present the results of a study, in which sequential thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) were combined with morphological analysis of plant microfossils, to identify material entrapped in dental calculus from five Neanderthal individuals from the north Spanish site of El Sidrón. Our results provide the first molecular evidence for inhalation of wood-fire smoke and bitumen or oil shale and ingestion of a range of cooked plant foods. We also offer the first evidence for the use of medicinal plants by a Neanderthal individual. The varied use of plants that we have identified suggests that the Neanderthal occupants of El Sidrón had a sophisticated knowledge of their natural surroundings which included the ability to select and use certain plants. 相似文献
3.
Assessment of Pb uptake, translocation and immobilization in kenaf (Hibiscus
cannabinus L.) for phytoremediation of sand tailings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The potential of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) for phytoremediation of lead (Pb) on sand tailings was investigated.A pot experiment employing factorial design with two main effects of fertilizer and lead was conducted in a nursery using sand tailings from an ex-tin mine as the growing medium.Results showed that Pb was found in the root,stem,and seed capsule of kenaf but not in the leaf.Application of organic fertilizer promoted greater biomass yield as well as higher accumulation capacity of Pb.In Pb-spike... 相似文献
4.
Neethu Kariyil Veettil Nandan Sivasankaran Bijoy Xavier Nelkunnassery Dominic Don Jayachandran Paravanparambil Rajakumar Anu Pashnath Raghu Midhun Alungal Manikandan Mohan Dhandapani Marigoudar Shambanagouda R. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(2):1775-1788
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The southwest coast of India along the Cochin region is seriously affected by metal contamination from increasing industrial activities. This... 相似文献
5.
Scott-Parker Bridie Nunn Patrick D. Mulgrew Kate Hine Don Marks Anthony Mahar Doug Tiko Lavinia 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(4):1005-1015
Regional Environmental Change - The experience of environmental stress and attitudes towards climate change was explored for 1226 students at the University of the South Pacific, the foremost... 相似文献
6.
Ben C. Scheele David A. Hunter Laura A. Brannelly Lee F. Skerratt Don A. Driscoll 《Conservation biology》2017,31(3):592-600
Emerging wildlife pathogens are an increasing threat to biodiversity. One of the most serious wildlife diseases is chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which has been documented in over 500 amphibian species. Amphibians vary greatly in their susceptibility to Bd; some species tolerate infection, whereas others experience rapid mortality. Reservoir hosts—species that carry infection while maintaining high abundance but are rarely killed by disease—can increase extinction risk in highly susceptible, sympatric species. However, whether reservoir hosts amplify Bd in declining amphibian species has not been examined. We investigated the role of reservoir hosts in the decline of the threatened northern corroboree frog (Pseudophryne pengilleyi) in an amphibian community in southeastern Australia. In the laboratory, we characterized the response of a potential reservoir host, the (nondeclining) common eastern froglet (Crinia signifera), to Bd infection. In the field, we conducted frog abundance surveys and Bd sampling for both P. pengilleyi and C. signifera. We built multinomial logistic regression models to test whether Crinia signifera and environmental factors were associated with P. pengilleyi decline. C. signifera was a reservoir host for Bd. In the laboratory, many individuals maintained intense infections (>1000 zoospore equivalents) over 12 weeks without mortality, and 79% of individuals sampled in the wild also carried infections. The presence of C. signifera at a site was strongly associated with increased Bd prevalence in sympatric P. pengilleyi. Consistent with disease amplification by a reservoir host, P. pengilleyi declined at sites with high C. signifera abundance. Our results suggest that when reservoir hosts are present, population declines of susceptible species may continue long after the initial emergence of Bd, highlighting an urgent need to assess extinction risk in remnant populations of other declined amphibian species. 相似文献
7.
Habibiandehkordi Reza Lobb David A. Sheppard Steve C. Flaten Don N. Owens Philip N. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(22):18372-18382
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Vegetated buffer strips (VBSs) are widely encouraged as a cost-effective strategy to address phosphorus (P) pollution associated with agricultural... 相似文献
8.
The potential biodegradation and subsequent transformation of 17β-estradiol (E2) to estrone (E1) were examined in the presence of various dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolated from effluent, river and lake waters. In addition, estrogenicity was estimated in association with the removal of E2 via its sorption onto DOM and biodegradation. The more biodegradable lake-derived DOM promoted more extensive transformation of E2 into E1 than the effluent organic matter through a biodegradation process. Overall, under all conditions, biodegradation dominated the removal of E2 in water. The increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in river and lake-derived DOM (e.g. 6.5 mg C L(-1)) reduced the removal of E2 by decreasing its biodegradation due to the moderate sorption of E2 onto DOM. The effluent organic matter showed greater removal of E2 via biodegradation, as well as significantly high sorption. This was associated with a large amount of hydrophobic fulvic acid (FA)- and humic acid (HA)-like organic components, as shown by the small increase in the specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA(254)). An increase in the DOC concentration reduced the removal of E2, resulting in high estrogenicity. The present study suggests that both organic composition and DOC concentration influenced the removal of E2 and, therefore, should be fully considered when assessing estrogenicity and its impacts on the aquatic environment. 相似文献
9.
Ju Chou Garret Clement Don Elbers Weilie Zhou 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(6):2230-2315
The aim of this study was the multi-elemental detection of toxic metals such as lead (Pb) in non-crushed oyster shells by using a portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer. A rapid, simultaneous multi-element analytical methodology for non-crushed oyster shells has been developed using a portable XRF which provides a quick, quantitative, non-destructive, and cost-effective mean for assessment of oyster shell contamination from Pb. Pb contamination in oyster shells was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results indicated that Pb is distributed in-homogeneously in contaminated shells. Oyster shells have a lamellar structure that could contribute to the high accumulation of Pb on oyster shells. 相似文献
10.