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Dhamija Ajay K. Yadav Surendra S. Jain PK 《Environmental Economics and Policy Studies》2017,19(2):299-335
Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - Carbon management is a strategic priority and organizations need to forecast carbon for that. We aim to find out the best ARIMA-GARCH model for... 相似文献
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Govil PK Sorlie JE Murthy NN Sujatha D Reddy GL Rudolph-Lund K Krishna AK Rama Mohan K 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,140(1-3):313-323
Studies on quantitative soil contamination due to heavy metals were carried out in Katedan Industrial Development Area (KIDA),
south of Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India under the Indo-Norwegian Institutional Cooperation Programme. The study area falls
under a semi-arid type of climate and consists of granites and pegmatite of igneous origin belonging to the Archaean age.
There are about 300 industries dealing with dyeing, edible oil production, battery manufacturing, metal plating, chemicals,
etc. Most of the industries discharge their untreated effluents either on open land or into ditches. Solid waste from industries
is randomly dumped along roads and open grounds. Soil samples were collected throughout the industrial area and from downstream
residential areas and were analysed by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer for fourteen trace metals and ten major oxides. The
analytical data shows very high concentrations of lead, chromium, nickel, zinc, arsenic and cadmium through out the industrial
area. The random dumping of hazardous waste in the industrial area could be the main cause of the soil contamination spreading
by rainwater and wind. In the residential areas the local dumping is expected to be the main source as it is difficult to
foresee that rain and wind can transport the contaminants from the industrial area. If emission to air by the smokestacks
is significant, this may contribute to considerable spreading of contaminants like As, Cd and Pb throughout the area. A comparison
of the results with the Canadian Soil Quality Guidelines (SQGL) show that most of the industrial area is heavily contaminated
by As, Pb and Zn and local areas by Cr, Cu and Ni. The residential area is also contaminated by As and some small areas by
Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn. The Cd contamination is detected over large area but it is not exceeding the SQGL value. Natural background
values of As and Cr exceed the SQGL values and contribute significantly to the contamination in the residential area. However,
the availability is considerably less than anthropogenic contaminants and must therefore be assessed differently. The pre-
and post-monsoon sampling over two hydrological cycles in 2002 and 2003 indicate that the As, Cd and Pb contaminants are more
mobile and may expect to reach the groundwater. The other contaminants seem to be much more stable. The contamination is especially
serious in the industrial area as it is housing a large permanent residing population. The study not only aims at determining
the natural background levels of trace elements as a guide for future pollution monitoring but also focuses on the pollution
vulnerability of the watershed. A plan of action for remediation is recommended. 相似文献
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Ahmad I Siddiqui H Akhtar MJ Khan MI Patil G Ashquin M Patel DK Arif JM 《Chemosphere》2011,83(4):455-460
In this in vitro study we investigated the toxic responses in hepatocytes treated with occupational dust to which workers are exposed in bone-based industrial units. The present study investigated the toxicity mechanism of bone-based occupational dust, from a particular industrial unit, on isolated rat hepatocytes. The hepatocytes were isolated by collagenase perfusion method and cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay treated with occupational dust at 0.1-1.0 mgmL(-1), for 120 min. The cell viability decreased significantly in a concentration-dependent manner. Dust induced significant membrane damage measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutathione (GSH) release in culture media for 30-, 60- and 120 min treatment duration. The toxicity was found to be correlated with the induction of lipid peroxidation (LPO). In addition, nitric oxide (NO), and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) generation by occupational dusts were also found to be time- and concentration-dependent. Over all the present study provides initial evidences for the toxic potential of occupational dust generated in bone-based industries and, therefore, the dust exposure to workers in unorganized industrial units should be controlled. 相似文献
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Ranipet industrial area is about 120 km from Chennai on Chennai-Bangalore highway and is a chronic polluted area identified
by Central Pollution Control Board of India. It is one of the biggest exporting centers of tanned leather in India. The total
number of industries located in and around Ranipet town are 240 tanneries along with ceramic, refractory, boiler auxiliaries
plant, and chromium chemicals. Studies were carried out to find out the contamination of surface water bodies due to industrial
effluents. The results reveal that the surface water in the area is highly contaminated showing very high concentrations of
some of the heavy/toxic metals like Cadmium ranging from 0.2 to 401.4 μg/l (average of 51.1 μg/l), Chromium 2.4–1,308.6 (average
of 247.2 μg/l), Copper 2.1–535.5 μg/l (average of 95.5 μg/l), Nickel 1.6–147.0 μg/l (average of 36.7 μg/l), Lead 6.4–2,034.4 μg/l
(average of 467.8 μg/l) and Zinc 20.8–12,718.0 μg/l (average of 3,760.4 μg/l). The concentration levels of these metals are
much above the permissible limits in surface water and are health hazards especially for the people working in the tannery
industries. It was observed that the people in the area are seriously affected and suffering from occupational diseases such
as asthma, chromium ulcers and skin diseases. Distribution of metals, their contents at different locations, and their effects
on human health are discussed in this paper. 相似文献
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Soil Contamination Due to Heavy Metals from an Industrial Area of Surat, Gujarat, Western India 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The pollution of soil is a source of danger to the health of people, even to those living in cities. The anthropogenic pollution
caused by heavy industries enters plants then goes through the food chain and ultimately endangers human health. In the context,
the knowledge of the regional variability, the background values and anthropogenic vs. natural origin of potentially harmful
elements in soils is of critical importance to assess human impact. The present study was undertaken on soil contamination
in Surat, Gujarat (India). The aims of the study were: i) to determine extent and distribution of heavy metals (Ba, Cu, Cr,
Co, Ni, Sr, V and Zn) ii) to find out the large scale variability, iii) to delineate the source as geogenic or anthropogenic
based on the distribution maps and correlation of metals in soils.
Soil samples were collected from the industrial area of Surat from top 10 cm layer of the soil. These samples were analysed
for heavy metals by using Philips PW 2440 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The data reveal that soils in the area are significantly
contaminated, showing higher levels of toxic elements than normal distribution. The heavy metal loads of the soils in the
study area are 471.7 mg/kg for Ba, 137.5 mg/kg for Cu, 305.2 mg/kg for Cr, 51.3 mg/kg for Co, 79.0 mg/kg for Ni, 317.9 mg/kg
for Sr, 380.6 mg/kg for V and 139.0 mg/kg for Zn. The higher concentrations of these toxic metals in soils need to be monitored
regularly for heavy metal enrichment. 相似文献
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